AUTOMATED FINGERPRINT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM AFIS PRESENTER ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER

AUTOMATED FINGERPRINT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM (AFIS) PRESENTER: ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER PJL DU TOIT HEAD: SA POLICE SERVICE CRIMINAL RECORD CENTRE (SAPS CRC)

SOUTH AFRICAN POLICE SERVICE CRIMINAL RECORD CENTRE (SAPS CRC) “JUSTICE THROUGH IDENTITY”

STRUCTURES: SAPS CRC & LCRC NATIONAL DETECTIVE SERVICE SAPS CRC COMPONENT LCRC COMPONENT PROVINCIAL LCRC OFFICES

PRIMARY FUNCTION CRIMINAL RECORD CENTRE COMPONENT (CRC) ØTHE IDENTIFICATION AND VERIFICATION OF PREVIOUS CONVICTIONS OF CRIMINALS/ OFFENDERS/ PERSONS BY MEANS OF FINGERPRINTS

CRIMINAL RECORD CENTRE COMPONENT (CRC) Ø LOCATED IN PRETORIA Ø ESTABLISHED: 1 st APRIL 1925 Ø STAFF COMPLEMENT § 400 PERSONNEL Ø NATIONAL TEN FINGERPRINT COLLECTION : 5. 1 MILLION

PRIMARY FUNCTION LOCAL CRIMINAL RECORD CENTRE COMPONENT (LCRC) ØSPECIALISED INVESTIGATION OF CRIME SCENES AND THE SCIENTIFIC COLLECTION OF EXHIBITS AT THE SCENE OF CRIME

LOCAL CRIMINAL RECORD CENTRE COMPONENT (LCRC) Ø LCRC DIRECTORATE AT NATIONAL LEVEL Ø REPRESENTED IN ALL 9 PROVINCES Ø 90 DECENTRALISED OFFICES ØUNSOLVED SCENE-OF-CRIME FINGERPRINT COLLECTION: 1 MILLION Ø STAFF COMPLEMENT § 2100 PERSONNEL

PROVINCIAL DISTRIBUTION OF LCRC’s

DISADVANTAGES OF THE MANUAL SYSTEM DEFICIENCIES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE MANUAL SYSTEM: ØMANUAL SEARCHES BECAME A BLOCKAGE IN THE INTEGRATED CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM (ICJS) ØMANUAL SYSTEM WAS INEFFICIENT & INEFFECTIVE AWAITING TRIAL PRISONERS, BAIL APPLICATIONS, 'WANTED" PERSONS ETC. ØUNACCEPTABLE LEVEL OF ACCURACY HARDENED CRIMINALS RELEASED INTO SOCIETY DUE TO MISIDENTIFICATIONS ØUNACCEPTABLE RESPONSE TIMES APPROXIMATELY 55 DAYS TO PRODUCE A PREVIOUS CONVICTION REPORT ØLONG TRAINING PERIOD RECRUITS ONLY PRODUCTIVE AFTER 2 YEARS OF TRAINING

WHY AN AFIS FOR SAPS? ØTHE SAPS CRC HAS BEEN MANAGING A MANUAL FINGERPRINT SYSTEM OF ALL KNOWN CONVICTED CRIMINALS SINCE 1925 ØTHE SAPS LCRC’S HAVE BEEN MANAGING LOCALISED COLLECTIONS OF SCENE OF CRIME FINGERPRINTS SINCE 1900 ØTHE EVER INCREASING FINGERPRINT COLLECTION OF CRIMINAL FINGERPRINTS HAS LEAD TO VARIOUS DEFICIENCIES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE MANUAL SYSTEM ØTHESE DEFICIENCIES AND DISADVANTAGES FORCED SAPS TO INVESTIGATE THE AUTOMATION IN THE MANUAL SYSTEM Ø THIS HAS LEAD TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF AN AUTOMATED FINGERPRINT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM (AFIS) AS A POSSIBLE SOLUTION

SOLUTION TO CRISES FACED BY SAPS (BACKGROUND) ØTHE ICJS BOARD HAS RECOGNISED THE PROCUREMENT OF AN AFIS AS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT PRIORITIES TO ADDRESS THE BLOCKAGES IN THE ICJS ØCABINET APPROVED THE ACQUISITION OF AN AFIS DURING 1996 ØHOWEVER, NO BUDGET WAS AVAILABLE FOR THE PROCUREMENT OF AN AFIS ØIN JANUARY 1999 THE SAPS RECEIVED AN OFFER FROM THE FRENCH GOVERNMENT TO MAKE AVAILABLE AN AFIS AT A DISCOUNTED PRICE ØON 28 SEPTEMBER 2000 AN AGREEMENT WAS SIGNED BETWEEN THE SAPS, IDC AND SAGEM (THE FRENCH SUPPLIER)

IMPLEMENTATION AND COMMISSIONING OF AFIS ØTHE AFIS WAS IMPLEMENTED IN PHASES, FROM NOVEMBER 2000 TO AUGUST 2002: Ø PHASE 1: NATIONAL TEN FINGERPRINT CARD PREPARATION, REPAIRS, BAR-CODING AND ALPHANUMERIC DATA CAPTURING 4. 5 MILLION SETS OF FINGERPRINTS Ø PHASE 2: SOFTWARE CUSTOMISATION AND SYSTEM INTEGRATION CUSTOMISATION OF THE SUPPLIERS SOFTWARE ACCORDING TO THE SAPS’S REQUIREMENTS INTEGRATION OF THE AFIS AND CRIMINAL RECORD IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM (CRIM)

IMPLEMENTATION AND COMMISSIONING OF AFIS ØPHASE 3: CONVERSION OF TEN FINGERPRINT CARD IMAGES TO AN ELECTRONIC FORMAT CONVERSION OF 4. 5 MILLON SETS OF FINGERPRINTS OR 45 MILLION FINGERPRINT IMAGES TO AN ELECTRONIC FORMAT ØPHASE 4: AFIS DATABASE DATA LOAD THE LOADING OF THE 45 MILLION FINGERPRINT IMAGES ONTO THE AFIS DATABASE ØPHASE 5: IMPLEMENTATION OF CENTRAL SITE IN PRETORIA INSTALLATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CENTRAL SYSTEM’S HARDWARE, SOFTWARE AND DATABASE IN A SECURE ENVIRONMENT (FEBRUARY 2002)

IMPLEMENTATION AND COMMISSIONING OF AFIS ØPHASE 6: TRAINING OF SYSTEM ADMINISTRATORS, OPERATORS AND EXPERT OPERATORS THE TRAINING OF 564 PERSONNEL MEMBERS: 8 AFIS ADMINISTRATORS, 12 TRAINERS, 338 OPERATORS AND 206 EXPERT OPERATORS WITHIN 5 MONTHS (MARCH 2002 – JULY 2002) ØPHASE 7: IMPLEMENTATION AT LCRC’s THE IMPLEMENTATION OF 118 AFIS WORKSTATIONS AT 35 LCRC’S COUNTRYWIDE WITHIN 6 MONTHS (MARCH 2002 – AUGUST 2002). ØSAPS AFIS: DECENTRALISED SYSTEM WITH CENTRAL SEARCH CAPABILITIES, SEARCHING CRIMINAL AND NON-CRIMINAL TEN FINGERPRINTS AND SCENE OF CRIME FINGERPRINTS

AFIS ARCHITECTURE: CENTRAL SITE BACKUP UNIT RAID UNIT WORKFLOW & DATABASE MANAGER MATCHER T MATCHER L IMAGE PROCESSING SERVERS EXTERNAL INTERFACE SERVER BIOMETRIC SERVER MATCHER U MORPHOTOUCH ADMINISTRATION WORKSTATION MATCHER NGM WAN ROUTERS LASER PRINTER

AFIS ARCHITECTURE: REMOTE SITE WAN ROUTER AFIS WORKSTATION(S) WORKFLOW MANAGER LASER PRINTER

AFIS CLUSTER CRIM LCRC AFIS

AFIS CLUSTERS

IMPACT OF AFIS ØIMPROVED SERVICE DELIVERY TO THE ICJS (DOJ/ DOCS/DOSD) §AWAITING TRAIL PRISONERS ARE INCARCERATED FOR A SHORTER PERIOD OF TIME §FEWER COURT CASES NEED TO BE POSTPONED §MORE EFFECTIVE BAIL OPPOSING §SPEEDIER AVAILABILITY OF CRIMINAL INFORMATION §SPEEDIER IDENTIFICATION OF WANTED PERSONS ØIMPROVED SERVICE DELIVERY TO THE COMMUNITY §FIREARM APPLICATION CLEARANCES §SECURITY OFFICERS’ CLEARANCES §PUBLIC DRIVER PERMITS §PRE-EMPLOYMENT CLEARANCES §BEHAVIOUR CERTIFICATE/POLICE CLEARANCES

IMPACT OF AFIS ØNATIONAL DATABASE FOR SCENE OF CRIME FINGERPRINTS §A FIRST FOR THE SAPS SINCE 1925. CONTIBUTE TO MORE CRIMINALS BEING IDENTIFIED ØFASTER RESPONSE TIMES §AFIS IS CONFIGURED TO COMPLETE A DAY’S WORK IN A DAY’S TIME (24 -HRS) ØINCREASE IN ACCURACY & PRODUCTIVITY §AFIS SEARCHES MINUTE FINGERPRINT DETAIL MORE EFFECTIVELY, REDUCES HUMAN ERROR AND ELIMINATES MANUAL CLASSIFICATION AND SEARCHING OF FINGERPRINTS ØREDUCED TRAINING PERIOD §AFIS OPERATORS ARE PRODUCTIVE AFTER ONLY 2 WEEKS OF TRAINING §TRAINING PERIOD OF SCENE OF CRIME EXPERTS REMAIN UNCHANGED ØELECTRONIC TRANSFER OF FINGERPRINTS (FBI, INTERPOL ETC. ) §HELP ADDRESS INTERNATIONAL CRIME

IMPACT OF AFIS ØIMPROVED SERVICE DELIVERY TO THE ICJS SERVICE 2001 2002 % INCREASE PREVIOUS CONVICTION REPORTS* 163 369 299 076 83% CRIMINAL SEARCHES PERFORMED 723 832 921 083 27% *AVERAGE NUMBER OF PREVIOUS CONVICTION REPORTS PRODUCED WITHIN 35 DAYS FOLLOWING THE RECEIPT OF THE CRIMINAL SEARCH (SAPS 76’S) ØIMPROVED SERVICE DELIVERY TO THE COMMUNITY SERVICE 2001 2002 % INCREASE NON-CRIMINAL SEARCHES PERFORMED 412 802 535 363 30%

IMPACT OF AFIS ØIMPROVED ACCURACY SERVICE 2001 2002 % INCREASE 215 724 329 641 53% NON-CRIMINAL IDENTIFICATIONS 29 439 62 099 110% SCENE OF CRIME FINGERPRINT IDENTIFICATIONS 12 952 16 558 28% SERVICE 2001 2002 % INCREASE TOTAL NUMBER OF F/P SEARCHES 1 136 633 1 456 446 28% CRIMINAL IDENTIFICATIONS ØINCREASED PRODUCTIVITY

IMPACT OF AFIS ØFASTER RESPONSE TIMES

IMPACT OF AFIS ØMORPHOTOUCH PILOT PROJECT SEARCHES PERFORMED WANTEDS ID WARRANTS OF ARREST 6 900 45 63 6 388 63 133 1 498 9 9 1 110 20 24 TOTAL: 15 896 97 229

QUO VADIS… THE WAY FORWARD ØPOSSIBLE FUTURE ADDITIONS: §PALMPRINT FUNCTIONALITY THE CAPABILITY OF CAPTURING AND SEARCHING PALMPRINTS §LABORATORY ACQUISITION WORKSTATION ACQUIRING SCENE OF CRIME FINGERPRINTS FROM EVIDENCE §BOOKING STATION ELECTRONIC CAPTURING AND TRANSMISSION OF FINGERPRINTS (LIVE SCAN)

AFIS BUDGET 2001/02 FINANCIAL YEAR ALLOCATED EXPENDITURE R 16 974 000 ADMINISTRATION R 80 600 INVENTORIES R 49 600 EQUIPMENT R 1 956 500 PROF & SPEC R 14 108 900 TOTAL EXPENDITURE R 16 195 600 SAVING R 778 400 ØADMINISTRATION: WORKSHOPS & TRAINING ØINVENTORIES: STATIONARIES & PARTITIONING OF AFIS SITE ØEQUIPMENT: SITE PREPARATION (AIR CONDITIONERS, UPS, OFFICE FURNITURE) ØPROF & SPEC: CAPITAL REDEMPTION OF THE IDC

AFIS BUDGET 2002/03 FINANCIAL YEAR ALLOCATED EXPENDITURE R 26 088 000 ADMINISTRATION R 656 600 INVENTORIES R 760 200 EQUIPMENT R 651 700 PROF & SPEC R 18 425 500 TOTAL EXPENDITURE R 20 494 000 SAVING R 5 594 000 ØADMINISTRATION: WORKSHOPS & TRAINING ØINVENTORIES: STATIONARIES & COMPUTER CONSUMEABLES ØEQUIPMENT: SITE PREPARATION (AIR CONDITIONERS, UPS, FILING RACKS) ØPROF & SPEC: CAPITAL REDEMPTION OF THE IDC, LCRC NAME AND AFIS MATCHER CHANGES