AUTOMATED DRILLING IN UNDERGROUND MINES MINE PORTAL TEAM

AUTOMATED DRILLING IN UNDERGROUND MINES MINE PORTAL TEAM www. mineportal. in CALL/WHATSAPP 8804777500 www. fb. com/mineportal. in

INDEX: v Introduction about Drilling v Types of Drill v Automated Long Hole Drilling v Diarot v Case Study v References

INTRODUCTION: Drilling: ØMeans of placing a directed hole in rock. Ø Two common reasons for drilling: ª Exploration ª Blasting

Types Of Rock Drill: 1. Percussive Drill: Ø Delivers blow against the bottom of a blast hole and during intervals of blows it rotates through a certain angle. 2. Rotary Drill: Ø The rotating tool advances towards the hole bottom by removing layer by layer. 3. Percussive-Rotary Drill: Ø Combines the principal of percussion and rotary drilling.

A schematic diagram showing a man operating a Drill An electric Drill http: //www. eijkelkamp. com : 24/8/2011

Components of a Drill: 1. Drill: Prime mover converting input energy into mechanical energy. 2. Rod: Transmits mechanical energy from drill to bit. 3. Bit: Mechanically attack the rock to achieve penetration. 4. Circulating Fluid: It cleans the hole, keeps the bit cool and stabilizes the wall of the hole.

Circulating Fluid Primary Mover Drill Steel (Rod) Drill Bit Functional Diagram of Drill http: //www. eijkelkamp. com : 24/8/2011

Automated Drill Jumbo “Production Drilling”, First Edition, Atlas Copco

Automated Long Hole Drilling (Simba) Introduction: Ø Fully computerized drill rigs with much improved productivity, accuracy and serviceability. Ø Equipped with Atlas Copco’s Rig Control System. Ø Along with RCS options like Advanced Boom Control (ABC) Regular, ABC Total, Drill Plan Handling, Full Drill Data Handling (FDDH) are available.

Levels Of Automation Ø Three different levels of Automation: 1. ABC Basic: It includes: Ø Ø Ø Computer controlled boom and feed movement System monitoring and fault diagnostics. Data loading procedures. Hole length indication Manual drill unit positioning.

Levels Of Automation 2. ABC Regular: Includes ABC Basic functionality plus Ø Ø Assistance in accurate positioning of boom. Automatic rod handling and one-hole automatic drilling. Boom position feedback on operator’s display. Drill plan handling without full fan automation, but with automatic positioning help. 3. ABC Total: Includes ABC Regular functionality plus Ø Complete fan drilling automatically to a pre-selected fan plan. Ø Automatic collaring and drilling.

Features: 1. Drill Rig Operation: Ø Ø Common to all automation level Displays different functions for drilling control such as rig angle, current drilling parameters, rig monitoring and fault detection. 2. Rod handling System: Ø Ø The RHS, which incorporates pre-programmed interlocks to prevent the rock drill and rod handling arms from hitting each other, can be operated manually with the position lever and buttons on the operator's panel. Operators need only to key in the required depth to intiate automatic collaring and drilling of a hole, including automatic addition of rods.

3. Rig Remote Access (RRA) http: //www. atlascopco. com/microsites/Images/Technical specification Rig Remote Access 9851 2539 01 a_tcm 431 -832645: 24/8/11

Specifications: DIMENSIONS Ø Ø Length 9, 460 mm Height 2, 960 mm Width 2, 350 mm Weight Total: 17, 800 kg Boom Side: 12, 300 kg Engine Side: 5, 500 kg ENGINE & DRIVETRAIN Ø Ø Ø Engine Make Deutz Horsepower 163 hp (120 k. W) Fuel Tank Capacity 110 l

Specifications(Contd. ): BATTERY Ø Battery 2 Ø Voltage 24 V HYDRAULICS Ø Pump Hydraulic driven water booster Boom Positiong Specifications: Ø Reach: 3. 5 – 5. 1 m Ø Rotation: 360 degree Ø Boom Up: 55. 5 degree Ø Boom Down: 46. 5 degree Ø Sideways: +35 to -35 degree Ø Forwards: 90 degree Ø Backwards: 24 degree

Atlas Copco Simba http: //www. catedrilling. com/new_vehicle_detail. asp? veh=236925: 24/8/11

Drilling With Diarot Analysis:

Diarot. . ? Ø A rock Drilling Simulation Program by Atlas Copco. Ø Diarot assists in choosing the right parameters for rig before the first hole is even drilled. Ø Database of: Ø All Atlas Copco’s rock drills Ø Rock data from various areas throughout the world. Ø It provides information of: Ø Ø Rotation Pressure Percussion Pressure Rotation Speed Drill steel dimensions and so on.

Advantages: 1. Better Performance: Different rotation speed and feed force settings can be adjusted depending upon the strata. 2. Improved Penetration Rate 3. Increased Bit Life

Single Boomed Drill Jumbo Installed with Diarot “Face Drilling”, Third Edition, Atlas Copco

Case Study: Automated Longhole Drilling with Simba At LKAB

About LKAB Ø LKAB (Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara Aktiebolag) – Swedish Mining Company. Ø One of the world’s leading producer of Iron Ore. Ø Mines at Kiruna and Malmberget are models of modern mining methods. Ø The no. of drill meters to be achieved is 1 million per annum in 2007. Ø High capacity drill rigs were used.

http: //www. lkab. com/? openform&id=36 CE: 23/8/11

Kiruna Ore Body Ø Single enormous slice of magnetite. Ø About 4 km long and an average width of 80 m. Ø Extended to a depth of 2000 m. Ø Ore body inclination is 60 degrees roughly. Ø Mining Method Employed: Sub-level Caving.

Drilling Requirements In Sublevel Caving Ø Slices of ore are drilled upward. Ø Remote controlled production drilling rigs (SIMBA W 6 C) are used equipped with fan automation. Ø Several drills are operated simultaneously from the control room. Ø Rig drills upward at 80 degree front inclination in fan shaped pattern. Ø Drill Hole Length: 15 m to 58 m. Ø Drill Hole Diametre: 165 mm

SIMBA W 6 C Ø Equipped with Rig Remote Access via standard WLAN systems which enables Remote Supervision in full fan automation. Ø The drilling accuracy achieved with a hole deviation of less than 1%. Ø Automation Level: ABC Total. Ø Rig Remote Access (RRA): Ø Ø Every rig is given a specific IP address. Data from the rig is stored in a server and can be viewed by a laptop or PC connected with the network system. Ø Conclusion: LKAB demands high productivity, efficiency and accuracy from its mine production drill rigs. Automation and the ability to remotely control the drill rigs assisted in achieving the target to drill 1 million m drill holes in Kiruna mine.

Simba Drilling a hole upward at 80’. Slot drilled and ready as a free face for blasting http: //www. atlascopco. in/inus/products/Industries/Mining/index. asp - 24/8/11

REFERENCES: 1. Bhandari S. K. , “Engineering Rock Blasting Operations”, 1997, pp 36 – 45. 2. “Production Drilling” Atlas Copco, First Edition 2008, pp 19 -27 & pp 61 -64. 3. “Face Drilling” Atlas Copco, Third Edition 2008, pp 19 -27 & pp 61 -64. 4. http: //www. catedrilling. com/new_vehicle_detail. asp? veh=236925 Date of Visit: 24/8/11. 5. http: //www. atlascopco. in/inus/products/Industries/Mining/index. a sp Date of Visit: 24/8/11. 6. http: //www. lkab. com/? openform&id=36 CE Date of Visit: 23/8/11. 7. http: //www. eijkelkamp. com : Date Of Visit: 24/8/2011. 8. http: //www. atlascopco. com/microsites/Images/Technical specification Rig Remote Access 9851 2539 01 a_tcm 431 -832645 Date of Visit: 24/8/11