Autharchic Power Supply with PV Autarchic Power Supply

Autharchic Power Supply with PV Autarchic Power Supply with Photovoltaic SCHOTT SOLAR Thin Film Gmb. H Eindhoven – 24 september 2009 Antoon Wesselink CONFIDENTIAL

Autharchic Power Supply with PV Function Principle and Materials of PV Modules Advantages Typical photo active materials: • • • Amorphous Silicon (ASI) Copper Indium Di-Selenide (CIS) Cadmium Telluride (Cd. Te) Crystalline Silicon (C-Si) Other materials (i. e. OPV) in R&D • 0. 5 -0. 7 Vnom per cell • Module series connection in low voltage (< 48 Vnom) Advantages of a PV powered system: • • • No wires, no maintenance Gives your product added value Provides better prices and image for your products Environmental friendly – “Blue Angel” achievable Co-Branding possible „Powered by Schott Solar“ CONFIDENTIAL Function principle

Autharchic Power Supply with PV Thin film technology has low, but increasing and disproportionate market share with still dominant crystalline products Trend of PV technologies from 1980 -2007 Production share in technology 2007 Quelle: Navigant 4/2008 CONFIDENTIAL

Autharchic Power Supply with PV Markets of Photovoltaic Products and common applications ASI / C-Si (<50 Wp/unit) ASI / CIS / C-Si (<100 Wp/unit) 95% C-Si (>100 Wp) On-Grid (k. W - MW per system) 4 GW / yearly (23 GW 2012) Off-Grid (W - k. W per system) 500 MW / yearly Off-Grid Mini Systems (µW – several W per System) 50 MW / yearly • Outdoor (Consumer products, Automation, Security, Corrosion protection etc. ) • Indoor (Micro electronics, Wireless apps etc. ) • Sensors (Light-/Laser detection, often combined with Power Supply) CONFIDENTIAL

Autharchic Power Supply with PV On – Grid typical PV-system design CONFIDENTIAL Off – Grid

Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI® OEM for Indoor applications CONFIDENTIAL

Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI® OEM for Outdoor applications CONFIDENTIAL

Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI®-F Solar Modules framed modules for 12 V-Applications CONFIDENTIAL

Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI THRU®, ASI OPAK® transparent and opaque building integration (BIPV) KOBE Memorial Centre, Japan, 2002 Governmental Building Paul-Löbbe-Haus), Berlin, 2000 Metro Roof in New York, 2004 World‘s largest BIPV project with Thin film CONFIDENTIAL

Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI® module construction at SCHOTT Solar a-Si/a-Si § Integrated cell interconnection § Durable and solid monolithic construction Al / Ni § Fast and fully automated § Compatible with all encapsulation technologies Backsheet or CONFIDENTIAL

Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI® semiconductor construction at SCHOTT Solar 1. 2. § TCO cell isolation ~ 0. 3 µm ~ 0. 1 µm § PECVD = Plasma enhanced Chemical vapor deposition § Silan, Hydrogen, Bor or Phosphor for positive doping 3. § ASI Cell isolation 4. § CVD Sputtering for Aluminum and Zink-oxide § Metallization cell isolation, 5. § Cell series interconnections and § Module rim isolations CONFIDENTIAL

Autharchic Power Supply with PV Measuring conditions for PV-Modules Electrical Data under laboratory conditions Outdoor (Standard Test Conditions STC): • Max. Power in Wp at 1000 W/m² • Sunlight Spectrum AM 1. 5 • 25 °C cell Temperature *) 1 m. W/cm 2 » 1, 250 LUX or 1, 000 W/m² » 125, 000 LUX Indoor (Manufacture Specific): • Max. Power in m. W or µW at 200 LUX • Usually fluorescence light • Room temperature Conclusions: • Efficiency is not the only quality feature • More important is energy yield under realistic conditions • Outdoor to Indoor factor x 500 -1, 000 higher CONFIDENTIAL

Autharchic Power Supply with PV Spectral Response on PV-Technologies on ASI, C-Si, CIS, Cd. Te (typical) ASI C-Si CIS Cd. Te Light - Influences: • Spectrum (nm) • Irradiation Intensity (W/m² or LUX) • Irradiation Angle • Filters (Shadow, Absorption) CONFIDENTIAL

Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI® Indoor Construction Cell construction for Indoor „Singel cell PIN“ § Power even at low illumination down to 50 LUX § Years of unfaltering high performance CONFIDENTIAL

Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI® Electrical Data Indoor § In outdoor use power will stabilize max. -30% at current § Voltage very close window in different light density § Current proportional to light density, can be also used as light meter (ASI® OEM PIN Sensor) CONFIDENTIAL

Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI® Energy yield Indoor § Indoor-Outdoor = 1/1000 Power! § C-Si not for indoor use CONFIDENTIAL

Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI® Outdoor Construction Cell construction for Outdoor „Double stacked cell PIN-PIN“ § Covers a broader range of sunlight spectrum § More Energy per Wp than with crystalline solar cells at bad illumination conditions § More stable performance – also after years CONFIDENTIAL

Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI® Electrical Data Outdoor § Voltage very close window in different light density § Voltage comes up in low light which is better than C-Si in weak light § Current proportional to light density, can be also used as light sensor CONFIDENTIAL

Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI® Energy yield Outdoor § 20% more energy per Wp in comparison to C-Si in weak light or high temperature CONFIDENTIAL

Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI® OEM Encapsulation § Special Solder wire has to be used for Nickel Coating § Solder points and any other open metal areas has to be sealed by Lacquer or Silicon CONFIDENTIAL

Autharchic Power Supply with PV Characteristics on most common PV-Technologies on ASI, C-Si, CIS, Cd. Te (typical) ASI CIS Cd. Te C-Si (poly) C-Si (mono) µWp-100 Wp >1 -80 Wp >20 -80 Wp m. Wp-260 Wp m. Wp-300 Wp 400 -750 (550) nm 500 -900 (700) nm 450 -900 (750) nm 500 -900 (700) nm > 100 LUX > 50 W/m² > 1 W/m² In- / Outdoor Outdoor Irradiation angle: +++ ++ +++ min 40° Interfering (Shade/Absorption): +++ ++ ++ voltage drops significantly Pnom: -0. 2 %/K Pnom: -0. 3 %/K Pnom: -0. 5 %/K Pnom: -0. 45 Efficiency cell (module): 7 -8% (5 -7%) 11 -13% (10 -12%) 15% (4 -13%) 17% (4 -15%) Module Quality: --- / ++ ++ ++ --- / ++ Design Flexibility: Variable fixed high vol Recycling / toxics: +++ - - - + + small - mass mass Power Class: Spectrum (main response): Irradiation intensity: Field: Temperature co-efficiency: Vol. availability: (from --- = unfavorable to +++ = optimal, shaded: favorable for Mini PV systems) CONFIDENTIAL

Autharchic Power Supply with PV Economical drivers for PV-Systems Qualify before Product Design is fixed! PV quality: • • • Cell quality (efficiency, energy yield under realistic working conditions, power stability) Module series connection (electrical shunts, accuracy, tolerances) Packaging (materials, connections, UV resistance, temperature, long term stability) Module design flexibility Tolerance fluctuation between “handmade” and automated manufactured modules Commercial quality: • • • Availability in small and mass volumes Costs per piece or Wp Integration costs (additional or auxiliary materials, process costs) Design recommendation: • • • Balance power and module size Design appropriate shape (quad-angular) PV modules can be hidden (i. e. semi- or transparent casing, color print) CONFIDENTIAL

Autharchic Power Supply with PV Thank you! CONFIDENTIAL