Assistive Technology Environmental Control Systems Reinder Bakker INTENSIVE COURSE IN ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY/ MED. ENGINEERING 5. 3. - 18. 3. 2001 Jyväskylä Polytechnic/Finland Högskolan Dalarna/Sweden
Program Introductory n Introduction Fontys n The Issue n Domotics n Autonomy of the Disabled & Elderly n Project assignments n Spoken dialogue with home systems
Why Assistive Technology ?
The issue (1) Persons with disabilities n About 50 million disabled persons in Europe. (ca. 6 to 7 % of the total population) n n n Mobility impaired Hearing impaired Visually impaired Speech and language impaired Cognitive impaired (e. g. dyslexia) Dexterity impaired (reduced: function fingers-arms, strength. . . )
The issue (2) Demography of age n Life expectancy is increasing all over the world. Worldwide from 48 years in 1955 to an expected 73 years in 2025 n Total fertility rate is declining from 5 in 1955 to an expected 2. 3 in 2025. Larges differences : Italy = 1. 2 and Yemen = 7. 6 in 1995. Domotics n Consequently the percentage elderly is growning. (50% between now and 2025) In Europe at this moment 1 of the 5 is over 65 That means More than 100 million
The issue (3) Prejudice ? n Elderly are patients (80% not). n Ederly are afraid of technology (techno phobia) n Elderly are no economic factor n Elderly are too old to function, too old to work and maybe too old to play
The issue (4) Concrete needs of Boba’s (Being old but active) n Emergency system, facilities for homecare n Security - and anti-burglary system n Tele-services (grocery-services, banking… ) n Entertainment, cultural, educational services n Regulation and Control of Power consumption
Why Environmental Control ? (Smart Homes or Domotics) Def. : An intelligent (smart) house can be considered as an comprehensive and intelligent aid, adaptable to the functional possibilities of the user and to the desired actions.
The issue (5) Domotics n Domotics can help to continue an independandent life of the elderly (control, communicate, banking…. ) n Handicapped can benefit from Domotics to be more autonomous n Domotics can contribute to a better quality of life. (self control, entertainment, self esteem…)
Why Design for All ?
The issue (6) Advantages Design for All n To gain Market share n n n Elderly Disabled Comfort seekers n Less expensive (>market share) n Not stigmatizing
Project setting Intelligent Houses for the handicapped n An intelligent house for the handicapped and the elderly can be considered as an comprehensive and intelligent aid, adaptable to the functional possibilities of the user and to the desired actions.
Project assignment 1 Intelligent Houses for the elderly handicapped Devices What devices had to be placed in an intelligent house ? Target group: Project group 1 en 3: Elderly motor handicapped Project group 2 en 4: Elderly visually handicapped
Domotics Categories: n n n n n Safety Signalling Communication Switching Closing/opening Personal care Housekeeping Medical Aids Adaptionof building plan Services based on telematics
Domotics Safety: n n n n burglar alarm fire alarm gas and smoke detector safety alarm in gas stove overflow protection social alarm medical alarm
Domotics Signalling/Communication: n n n video intercom computer with programs an peripherals speech module recognition software overflow protection So on…
Domotics Control: n n n remote control of lightning remote control of radio/TV/Video/CD/DVD automatic switching ligthtning remote control of front door remote control of curtains other remote controls…. .
Domotics Personal Care/Housekeeping: n n n n adjustable bed bathroom lift Wash basin with high/low adapted toilet adjustable kitchen adjustable cupboard central vacuum cleaner system ……
Domotics Adaptions of the buiding plan: n n n n monotoring devices bathroom lift washbasin with high/low adapted toilet adjustable kitchen adjustable cupboard central vacuum cleaner system re re
Domotics Intelligent homes gives: n more Comfort n more Safety n more Communication fascilities
Intelligent Houses (1) Comfort Remote/automatic control of • household equipment, • central heating/cooling, • lighting, etc
Intelligent Houses (2) Safety/Alert Alarms or "panic” buttons will be used to signal an emergency to external public services such as the police, the fire brigade, a nearby hospital, etc.
Intelligent Houses (3) Communication • Person-to-person communication or • Access to various services such as teleshopping, tele-banking, etc, • Study staying at home • Monitoring health condition • Access to various information services, etc.
Domotics Technology
Program Introductory n Introduction Fontys n The Issue n Domotics n Autonomy of the Disabled & Elderly n Project assignments n Spoken dialogue with home systems
What 's domotics n director n n n lightning ventilation sun-blinds entrance-control etc. .
Construction of a classical installation n The switch is part of the powercircuit (230 V). n The powersupply is via the switch to the lightningpoint. n The switch has only one function.
Construction of a domotic installation n The switch or push-button is an input device which is in contact with an electonic control-module. n That module sends a message to a contact-unit (actuator) which connects or disconnect the lamp with the mains. n The function of the switch or push -button is programmable. n There are two seperated circuits: a control-line and a powerline.
The digital control of a domotic-installation n All control-elements are connected to the same wiring. n Every element has his own specific ‘address’. The right key to the right lock. n To get the right control-signal to the right spot a protocol is needed. n Wire and protocol together is called the ’bus ’ (Binary Unit System)
Digital control of a domotic-installation n advantages of digital control n Control-line is a low voltage-line n It’s easy to add switches and lights n To change the function of the switch. n One switch is able to control several circuits. n Conditions can be added to the control activities
Digitale control at domotic-installations Sensors and actuators The elements which generate signals we call ‘sensors’. The elements which are activated by the system we called ‘actuators. Put in an other way sensors : : control and actuators : : carry out. Sensors : switches, temperatur-meters, infrared-cells, motion -detectors, wind-detectors, light-cells, . . . . Actuators : relays/dimmers for lamps; motors for the garagedoor, - rolling shutters, - curtains; sirenes, contactors voor heating-devices; . .
Domotic-network In domotic-systems sensors, actuators, supply and communication are part of a home network. The network is controlled by the coördination-system.
Network – coordination Elektronic module PLC, mounted on DIN-rail. (PHC- De Maegd) Central coördination Output-modules and supply on DIN-rail. (Procontrol) Central coördination Each EIB-module has his own controlunit inside (distributed control system)
Domotic-function-diagram of a house n In the function-diagram the different action are exposed.
Grouping of the actions n n n Put on the light in the bedroom, the hall, the bathroom and the kitchen. Put on the heating in the bathroom. Adjust the heating in the livingroom to comfort-temperature. Switch on the coffee-machine and toaster. Switch on the radio. Etc. . .
Grouping of the actions n 2. Safety-functions n n Automatic lights on by entrance Smoke-sensors on the right places. All lights on/off by one button. Automatic alarms to police/fire brigade. Automatic switch off forgotten devices.
Grouping of the actions n Use only energy: • Where it ’s needed. • When it ’s needed. • And in the right quantity. 3. Rational use of energy (E. g. Sensor in the bathroom) n Switch all off. n Sensor. Control of the amount of light.
Technical characteristics n Domotic-installations distinct especially on the area of : • • The signal transport. The programmability of the functions. The user-interface The standard (use of protocols). The certainty of excecution and feedback. The certainty of communication. The integrated components.
Signal-transport n n n n The bus is developed to simplify the electric wiring. All sensors and actuators are connected to the bus. Every sensor and actuator has his own digital ‘address’. Direct-connect-installations need bus couplers. . Sometimes manufactures gives bus coupler fixed and unique addresses. Powerline-modulation ; some systems modulate the control signal on the powerline. Wireless connection (infrared or radio) is also a quite common use of signal-transport. Sometimes combined systems are possible.
Signal-transport n To get to the bus a buscoupler is needed. n Bus coupler (Procontrol ) n Bus coupler (EIB-bus)
Signal-transport n n Circuit of a combined signal modality Radio-receiver (Niko)
Programming the functionality. Niko-systems are programmed by systematicle pushing micro-switches. User-friendly software makes the work of the technician easier. (PHC – De Maegd)
User-interface. Touch screen (Pluscontrol) Central controlpanel with 8 buttons, buzzer and infrared receiver (Teletask)
User interface n Touch screen (Siemens)
Standardisation and normalisation n n Today several domotic-systems are for sale in Belgium and the Netherlands. For instance: n n n Domonet Teletask Pluscontrol Niko PEHA EIB instabus EIB
Standardisation and normalisation n The systems are creative combinations of electronics en computertechnology. n Hardly compatibility between the systems. n Most systems have closed architectures. n Most systems are supported by only one manufacturer.
The Project Smart House Design Spoken dialogue with home systems
Project setting Intelligent Houses for the handicapped n An intelligent house for the handicapped can be considered as an comprehensive and intelligent aid, adaptable to the functional possibilities of the user and to the desired actions. n The communication between the handicapped and the ‘intelligent’ house is in this setting extremely important. n n Up to now such communication has been almost entirely by means of buttons, keyboards and screens. Speech, which is by far the most widely used and natural means of communication between people, is at first sight an obvious substitute.
Project assignments Intelligent Houses for the handicapped Assign. 2 Distribution Distribute the devices of assign. 1 over the house in a way that a comprehensive functional environment is created. Assign. 3 Speech-controlled User-Interface Develop a set of control- and feedbacksentences to control the home-system in the specified setting.
Program Environmental control Systems date/time SUBJECT 12 -03 -2001 09. 00 introductory 10. 00 start project: assignment 1, 2 11. 30 lunch 13 -03 -2001 12. 30 continuing project: assignment 3 14. 00 continuing project: assignment 3 15. 00 presentations 16. 00 finish
Solutions for Autonomy of the Disables and Elderly
Autonomy of the Disables and Elderly (1) Intelligent homes gives: n more Safety n more Autonomy n more Self-esteem
Autonomy of the Disables and Elderly (2) The role of technology: n A friendly approach ( to obtain acceptance) n Reliability n Low cost n Autonomy
Autonomy of the Disables and Elderly (3) User interface: n Keyboard, mouse, touch screen ( menu-driven ) n Buttons, ‘radio’ or infra-red buttons, adapted buttons n Voice-based (recognition, synthesis)
Autonomy of the Disables and Elderly (4) Central Unit (computer based): n TV/Teletext, Radio, Tape, CD, DVD… n Fax -modem, Telephone services (alarm, help, telephonedirectory…) n Local applicatons: Agenda, Word processing, Spreadsheets, home accounting, games … n Telecom applications: Telebanking, Internet…
Autonomy of the Disables and Elderly (5) Environmental interface (Home bus): n White goods (washing machines, ovens …) n Brown goods (conventional TV’s, air-conditioners, hifi’s…) n Other appliances (lights, intercoms, door/window-openers, sunroofs, ventilators, Central n Telecom applications: Telebanking, Internet…
Smart House Design Spoken dialogue with home systems
Speech technologies • Speech processing : speech -> speech • Speech synthesis : text -> speech • speech coding: for bit rate reduction e. g. (LPC) • speech manipulation (pitch, duration) • Automatic speech recognition : speech -> text
Typical applications (1) • Voice command • robots • home systems • voice dialling - small vocabulary ( 10. . . 100 words) - isolated words - speaker independent - robustness to noise - real time
Typical applications (2) • Voice access to information services - + understanding medium vocabulary ( 1000 words ) continuous ( full sentences ) speaker independent (speaker adaptive) real time
Typical applications (3) • Dictation - large vocabulary ( > 10. 000 ) continuous recognition only speaker independent ( adaptive ) off line
Typical applications (4) • Security • home banking • access control - speaker identification / verification robustness <-> security
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