Assessment of emission and signal propagation in electrical

Assessment of emission and signal propagation in electrical power systems in the 2 - 150 kilohertz range MO-AM 3 -2 Anders Larsson, Luleå University of Technology, Sweden

Outline of the presentation • Signal emitting equipment • Measurement equipment • Long term measurement • High frequency components • Emissions fluorescent lamps powered by HF-ballast • Summary

Some signal emitting equipment in the frequency range from 2 to 150 k. Hz SMPS Power line communication Concentrator Power Meter

Diversity of current drawn by equipment

Resulting harmonic spectra

Resulting spectra 2 to 150 k. Hz IEC 61000 -4 -7

Measurement at a house containing both electronic equipment together with PLC Induction cooker PLC

Measuring and analyzing technology, 2 to 150 k. Hz

Instrumentation Current and voltage PQ instruments probes Measuring receivers Memory recorders Oscilloscopes

Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT)

Resulting spectra

Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT)

Measurement on fluorescent lamps

Long-term measurements where carried out in different locations:

STFT

0 to 48 lamps project Spreading of components in the range of 2 to 150 k. Hz

Measurement setup Itot and U is measured Individual lamp current is also measured

Resulting voltage spectrums Primary emission Secondary emission

Resulting total current spectrums

Resulting lamp current spectrums

What about the recurrent oscillations? Peak amplitude of Itot

Summary • Most of the distortion in this frequency range can be classified into: • Narrowband components • Broadband components • Recurrent oscillations • Our experience is that PLC generates the highest levels of emission in this frequency range in the LV power systems • The emission from different ballast varies Cont->

• When this equipment is installed in large numbers the components aggregate in different ways. This impacts how emission standards should be carried out • The use of time-domain sampling instruments should be used even for the frequency range 9 – 150 k. Hz • Different analyzing tools are needed to detect and quantify different components. It is shown that not only one analyzing tool should be used to disclose and describe different components in the measured signal • Work is needed to close the gap in emission, compatibility and immunity standards

Further reading • Larsson, A & Bollen, M 2009, 'Emission and immunity of equipment in the frequency range 2 to 150 k. Hz', i L Toma & B Otomega (red), 2009 IEEE Bucharest Power. Tech Proceedings, IEEE, Piscataway, N. J. , s. 2325 -2329. • Rönnberg, S, Wahlberg, M, Bollen, M, Larsson, A & Lundmark, M 2009, 'Measurement of interaction between equipment in the frequency range 9 to 95 k. Hz', CIRED 20 th International Conference on Electricity Distribution, I E T Conference Publication Series, The Institution of Engineering and Technology, s. 231 -234. • Bollen, M, Ribeiro, P, Larsson, A & Lundmark, M 2008, 'Limits for voltage distortion in the frequency range 2 to 9 k. Hz', I E E E Transactions on Power Delivery, vol 23, nr 3, s. 1481 -1487. • Larsson, A, Bollen, M, Wahlberg, M, Lundmark, M & Rönnberg, S 2010, 'Measurements of high-frequency (2 -150 k. Hz) distortion in low-voltage networks', I E E E Transactions on Power Delivery, vol 25, nr 3, s. 1749 - 1757. • Larsson, A & Bollen, M 2010, 'Measurement result from 1 to 48 fluorescent lamps in the frequency range 2 to 150 k. Hz', 14 th International Conference on Harmonics and Quality of Power (ICHQP), IEEE, Piscataway, NJ. • Larsson, A 2011, On high-frequency distortion in low-voltage power systems, Doctoral thesis / Luleå University of Technology, Luleå tekniska universitet, Luleå.

Biography – Dr. Anders Larsson • 2011 – Lecture, Luleå University of Technology • 2011 – Ph. D, Luleå University of Technology • 2007 – Licentiate degree, Luleå University of Technology