
0f85bbbde5e1f7eefab99b90f0db18dd.ppt
- Количество слайдов: 72
Art & Architecture of Pompeii and Herculanium House of Pansa House of the Vettii Villa of the mysteries House of the Faun “Harbour Scene from Stabiae “the Lost Ram “Perseus and Andromeda “Death of Penthius “The Trojan horse Portrait of Terentius neo & wife Dionysiac frieze villa of the Mysteries Wall from Villa Publius Fannius Sinistor Portrait of a Woman Alexander Mosaic Nilotic scene “Sorceress & client
79 AD DESTRUCTION buried under 10 m of ash and remained so for 1700 yrs. A time capsule into the life of 1 st century Romans in a holiday area of Campania. Pompeians didn’t become Roman citizens until 89 BC and by 79 AD Roman culture overlay the earlier culture of the Osci and Samnite tribes. Greeks had occupied the southern part of Italy since 5 th century BC so there was an influence of Hellenism in Pompeii and Herculanium.
PUBLIC BUILDINGS: Temples, Basilicas (palaces). Fine decoration and architecture PRIVATE BUILDINGS: As today, homes reflected socio-economic status: Poor lived in high rise apartments (Insulae) in 4 th century Rome there were 46000 of them housing more than ¾ of a million people. In Pompei (pop 20, 000) the poor lived in flats above shops and richer houses. Wealthy lived in Domus (stand alone houses built around an open atrium – inward looking) or luxurious villae (grand with seaviews, terrace, porticoes, large windows) on the outskirts of town or surrounding countryside overlooking the bay of Naples.
The Elite Domus • Typical elite houses evolved from Etruscan atrium-style houses, with the addition of Greek style peristyle (colonnaded) gardens. • Usually were one floor, with a main reception room (atrium) surrounded by bedrooms (cubicula), dining room (triclinium), record room/office (tablinum).
Palatine Hill, 6 th c. BCE House
Upper rooms, often sublet to tenants. Impluvium - pool directly below roof opening Triclinium – summer dining room. Exedra–outdoor sitting or eating Peristylium – courtyard Roof opening – letting in light (and rain) with trees, fountains, statues, surrounded by Horta – garden columns (colonnade) Oecus–spare room. Culina – Kitchens Tablinum – Study. The Roman domus Atrium – visitors room Fauces – or vestibulum Triclinium – dining room. Cubiculum – bedrooms Taberna – rented out shop or workplace. Outer Wall – Domus was inward facing. DOMUS
Sample Plan of a Roman House (Domus) L V C A Ta Tri E vestibulum cubiculum/cubicula atrium tablinum triclinium exedra T L Al Cu P taberna latrina alae culina peristylium
The Faucis Entrance way) (entrance Pompeii, House
Entrance, House of Menander
House of Menander, View from Fauces to Peristyle Garden
The Atrium • Reception room, often with an opening in the ceiling with an impluvium below. • Contained the family gods (Lares and Penates), imagines (masks of the ancestors), symbolic marriage bed. • Women of the house (or their slaves) may have wool-worked there.
Atrium, House of the Silver Wedding, Pompeii
The Lararium
Bronze Lar, found in a SW corner of an atrium, Pompeii
Herculaneum Lararium contained lars (symbols or masks of ancestors), & penates (gods of the household
Loom Reconstruction
The Tablinum The Master’s Study containing the family records wax tablets (Tabulae) the Household Safe (Arca) Scrolls
House of the Faun Tablinum
Detail of the Mosaic Floor
Tabula and Writing Materials
Lucernae, Oil Lamps
Scrolls in Capsa
A tablinum wall-painting
The Culina
Roman Kitchen, Reconstruction
View of an Ancient Kitchen
Ancient Glassware
Roman Cooking Utensils in Bronze
The Latrina (Ancient Roman Toilet) Fun on a cold morning!
Latrina Closeup
Cubicula (Bedrooms)
Roman Beds
Pompeii, House of the Centaur, Cubiculum Reconstruction
Triclinium (Dining Room)
Pompeii, Triclinium
Dining Room - Summer
Pompeii, Candelabrum
Triclinium, The Dining Room
Triclinium
Roman Seating
Roman Marble Table
Pompeii, Bronze Table
Pompeii, Roman Glass
Roman Lamps
Roman Couches
Peristyle Court
Peristylium with Birdbath and Hortus
Peristylium with Piscina (Fish Pond)
Walled Peristylium
Outdoor Fountain
Frontal View of the Fountain and Statue. Note the Intricate Mosaic Work
O D u o t o r L a r i u m
Tintinnabulum, Pompeii
Villa at Boscoreale, Reconstruction
Cubiculum, Boscoreale
Herculaneum 3 Storey House
Pompeii Street Plan
Pompeii Houses with Vesuvius View
http: //pompeya. desdeinter. net/pompeya. htm
Villa at Settefinestre
Settefinestre House Plan
Houses of the Poorer working people lived in rooms behind or above their places of work. The elite often rented out the front rooms of their houses, on either side of the entrances, for use as shops, workrooms, or restaurants, often with living space included. The lower classes also lived in apartment buildings (insulae).
Insulae
Domus Romana