Скачать презентацию Architecture Studying architecture helps us understand history Скачать презентацию Architecture Studying architecture helps us understand history

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Architecture Architecture

Studying architecture helps us understand history better. Studying architecture helps us understand history better.

3, 000 BC – 70 AD Egyptian Pyramids - burial places for pharaohs - 3, 000 BC – 70 AD Egyptian Pyramids - burial places for pharaohs - built by thousands of slaves The Great Sfinx of Giza

England ASTRONOMICAL PURPOSES OR WORSHIPPING? Stonehenge 3, 100 -1, 900 BC Avebury England ASTRONOMICAL PURPOSES OR WORSHIPPING? Stonehenge 3, 100 -1, 900 BC Avebury

Greece and Rome Classical architecture 600 BC – 5 th AD Artemis Temple (Greece) Greece and Rome Classical architecture 600 BC – 5 th AD Artemis Temple (Greece) Parthenon (Greece) Coliseum (Rome) DECORATIVE ELEMENTS: - COLUMNS - ARCHES MATERIALS: INVENTION OF CONCRETE

Hadrian´s Wall between England Scotland - 120 km long protective line (the Picts´attacks) - Hadrian´s Wall between England Scotland - 120 km long protective line (the Picts´attacks) - building was started in 122 AD by Roman Emperor Hadrian

Romanesque architecture (11 -13 th century) St George´s Basilica on mountain Říp TYPICAL BUILDINGS: Romanesque architecture (11 -13 th century) St George´s Basilica on mountain Říp TYPICAL BUILDINGS: - BASILICAS - MONASTERIES - ROTUNDAS St. George´s Basilica in Prague MATERIAL: STONE

Romanesque architecture (11 -13 th century) FEATURES: - MASSIVE BUILDINGS - ROUND ARCHES - Romanesque architecture (11 -13 th century) FEATURES: - MASSIVE BUILDINGS - ROUND ARCHES - PAINTED WALLS - ROUNDED WINDOWS, DOORS Durham Cathedral – a typical Romanesque building in England

Gothic architecture (12 – 15 th century) Notre Dame in Paris Salisbury Cathedral, England Gothic architecture (12 – 15 th century) Notre Dame in Paris Salisbury Cathedral, England FEATURES: - ARCHES - VAULTS - TALL BUILDINGS - COLOURFUL STAINED GLASS WINDOWS

Gothic architecture (12 – 15 th century) FAMOUS ARCHITECTS: PETER PARLER MATTHIAS OF ARRAS Gothic architecture (12 – 15 th century) FAMOUS ARCHITECTS: PETER PARLER MATTHIAS OF ARRAS Saint Vitus Cathedral in Prague Karlstein

Renaissance architecture (15 – 16 th century) RENAISSANCE = REBIRTH OF LIFE TYPICAL FEATURES: Renaissance architecture (15 – 16 th century) RENAISSANCE = REBIRTH OF LIFE TYPICAL FEATURES: - SMALLER SYMMETRICAL BUILDINGS - HORIZONTAL LINES - WINDOWS AND DOORS SQUARE OR RECTANGULAR - SGRAFFITO, STUCCO Louvre St. Peter´s Basilica in Vatican

Renaissance architecture (15 – 16 th century) ARCHITECTS: MICHELANGELO BUONAROTTI LEONARDO DA VINCI RAFAEL Renaissance architecture (15 – 16 th century) ARCHITECTS: MICHELANGELO BUONAROTTI LEONARDO DA VINCI RAFAEL SANTI Belveder Palace in Prague TYPICAL BUILDINGS: MANSIONS PALACES TOWN HOUSES Slavonice

Baroque architecture (17 – 19 th century) St Paul´s Cathedral In London ARCHITECTS: - Baroque architecture (17 – 19 th century) St Paul´s Cathedral In London ARCHITECTS: - SIR CHRISTOPHER WREN Versailles, Paris TYPICAL FEATURES: - COMPLICATED SHAPES - FANCY DECORATIONS - LUXURIOUS DETAILS - IRREGULAR SHAPES - CONTRAST BETWEEN LIGHT AND DARK COLOURS - EXTRAVAGANT ORNAMENTATION

Baroque architecture (17 – 19 th century) BUILDINGS: CHATEAUX HUGE DOMES St Nicholas Church Baroque architecture (17 – 19 th century) BUILDINGS: CHATEAUX HUGE DOMES St Nicholas Church in Prague Troja Palace, Prague

Classicism (18 th century) INSPIRED BY ANCIENT GREECE TYPICAL BUILDINGS: - SPAS - THEATRES Classicism (18 th century) INSPIRED BY ANCIENT GREECE TYPICAL BUILDINGS: - SPAS - THEATRES - TRIUMPH ARCHES - GATES - FORTIFICATIONS Theatre of Estates in Prague TYPICAL FEATURES: - STRAIGHT LINES - LIGHT COLOURS - NOT MANY DECORATIONS František´s Spas

Neo-Classical architecture (18 – 19 th century) INSPIRATION: ROMAN AND GREEK BUILDINGS Capitol White Neo-Classical architecture (18 – 19 th century) INSPIRATION: ROMAN AND GREEK BUILDINGS Capitol White House TYPICAL FEATURES: - GEOMETRICAL SHAPES - COLUMNS - DOMED ROOFS

Neo-Gothic architecture (18 – 20 th century) the Houses of Parliament Neo-Gothic architecture (18 – 20 th century) the Houses of Parliament

Art Nouveau (1895 – 1905) Municipal House in Prague FEATURES: - TWISTING LINES - Art Nouveau (1895 – 1905) Municipal House in Prague FEATURES: - TWISTING LINES - WAVY SHAPES - FOCUS ON DETAILS Industrial Palace in Prague NEW MATERIALS - GLASS - CLAY Main Train Station in Prague

Art Nouveau (1895 – 1905) in Kladno Theatre in Kladno Grammar School Library Art Nouveau (1895 – 1905) in Kladno Theatre in Kladno Grammar School Library

Art Deco architecture (1918 – 1939) The Empire State Building Radio City Music Hall Art Deco architecture (1918 – 1939) The Empire State Building Radio City Music Hall in New York

Art Deco architecture (1918 – 1939) - originally only for rich people - later Art Deco architecture (1918 – 1939) - originally only for rich people - later became popular with the general public Alcron Hotel in Prague Materials: • aluminium • stainless steel • Lacquer • Bakelite • Chrome • inlaid wood

Functionalism 1920 - 1970 Villa Tugendhat in Brno Tower block in Kladno-Rozdelov Functionalism 1920 - 1970 Villa Tugendhat in Brno Tower block in Kladno-Rozdelov

VOCABULARY monastery – mužský klášter pharao – faraon worshipping – uctívání bohů concrete – VOCABULARY monastery – mužský klášter pharao – faraon worshipping – uctívání bohů concrete – beton arch - oblouk vault – klenba colourful stained glass – vitráž rectangular – obdélníkový, pravoúhlý mansion – honosné sídlo, velký obytný dům mansions (GB - blok činožovních domů) fancy – luxusní, vyšperkovaný dome – kupole, báň chrámu Art Nouveau – secese the general public – široká veřejnost chrome – pochromovaný povrch inlaid wood – vykládané dřevo