Archeology Week 3 Notes The History of Marlette

Archeology: Week #3 Notes The History of Marlette

Native Americans: § Paleo-Indians: Sanilac Petroglyphs § Woodland Period: § Saux § Ojibwa § Chippewa § Ottowa

French: § Voyagers: § Fur Trapping § Jesuit Priests: § Missionaries: Father Marquette § Apple and Pear trees brought to this area § Forts – Protect Trading Interests

British: § French and Indian Wars § British Claim Territory § Control French Forts: Detroit, Michilimackinaw, Saginaw Bay § Pontiac’s Rebellion § Native Tribes submit to British control

Americans: § Revolutionary War: § Treaty of Ghent § American Territory § British military presence stays – Control the Great Lakes § Northwest Ordinance: 1787 § Michigan created as a separate territory § Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin

Northwest Ordinance: § Counties formed: § Townships created: 36 sq miles § 16 section – fund public schools § No slavery allowed § Set up process for becoming a state

Resources: § § § White Pine – Lumber Wheat – Farming Salt – Detroit Fishing – Great Lakes Abundance of Land

Early Settlers: § 1 st White Settler: § Joel Carrington § Cutting wood planks for shipping § John B. Hyde: § § § Brought Oxen Cleared maple Forest Used Shingles for money § 1, 000 Shingles = $1

Early Settlers: § Scotch-Irish: § Land § French-Canadians: § Land Freedom § New England: § Land Timber for Shipping

Civil War: § Sanilac Wolverines: § Elite Fighting Group § 1 st Volunteers from Marlette § Co. D 10 th Michigan Infantry § Capt. Israel Hucking § Left Flint: April 1862

Civil War: 10 th Michigan § Battles: § § § Tuscumbia, Alabama Siege of Nashville Stevenson, Alabama Chickamaga Sherman’s March to the Sea § Grand Review – Washington DC

Civil War: 10 th Michigan § Counting the Cost: § § 1788 men served 59 Killed in Battle 29 Killed from wounds 211 Killed from disease

Civil War: Sanilac County § Women’s Role § Soldier’s Relief Society § Women’s Auxiliary § Red Cross

Village of Marlette: § Village settled in 1865 § Named: § Irish settler’s maiden name – (Marlet) § Carved on a post § Named after a steam ship used to transport lumber

Great Fires: § § § 2 Major Forest Fires 1871 and 1881 Timber cleared – Remains left to dry Dry weather Unusual winds

Great Fire of 1871: § Dry Weather § Farmers burned debris to clear land § Burning got out of control § Hurricane winds spread it up into the “Thumb”

Great Fire of 1871: § Burned most of Sanilac, Huron, and Tuscola Counties § $4, 000 in lasses § 5, 000 people loose all their property § Possibly started by the Biela Comet

Great Fire of 1881: § September 5 th § Disaster for Marlette § Caused: Fuel left over by 1871 Fire § Over turned Lantern § High Winds

Great Fire of 1881: § Burned all of the “Thumb” § Destroyed homes and farms of 3, 231 families § $2, 300, 000 losses § Red Cross used for domestic disaster § 1 st time

Great Fire of 1881: § Effects: § Red Cross used for other domestic disasters § Michigan Legislature builds 46 new schools § Cleared unusable land for agricultural use § Ash made soil rich for farming

Village of Marlette: 1870’s § Formed on land owned by: § Benjamin Hobson – North § Robert Wilson – East § Charles Harwack West

Development of Marlette: § Churches: § 1 st Baptist – 1871 § 1 st Methodist – 1871 § 1 st Presbyterian – 1868 § First Church Building

Development of Marlette: § Marlette Leader: Newspaper § Founded in 1878 § “Unsectarian in Religion, Non-Partisan in Politics, and Independent in all Things. ” § 1900 – Republican in Politics

Schools: § First School: 1858 § Miss Mary Ball § Taught in a local home § 1860 – Log School Built § 1889 – 1 st Frame Building § 1 st High School

Marlette Schools: § 1896 – 3 story brick building at current High School location § 1936 – 2 story addition § Oldest part of existing building § School Consolidation § 1954 – Bea Mc. Donald School Build

Marlette Schools: § 1965 – Additions to High School § Tear Down the original brick building § 1975 – Middle School Built § Brown School: § Former 1 room school (7 miles north and 4 miles east of town) § Moved in 1937 § Kindergarten Cottage

Marlette Schools Activities: § Band – 1906 -1911 § Athletics: § 1895 – Golf § 1908 – Marlette Baseball § 1910 Football § Several county and state championships

Businesses: § 1 st Post Office – 1864 § Gordon Rudd – 1 st Postmaster § Delivered mail 3 times a week § Planing Mill – 1884 – E. W. Ellsworth § Marlette Plow Factory – 1878 – Kilgor and Mavis § Grist Mill – 1880 – E. J. Warner

Businesses: § Saw Mill – 1866 – John Mc. Gill and George Fenner § Steam Elevator – 1881 – H. W. Wilson § Flour, Feed Store, Lumber Yard, Grist Mill, W. B. Mc. Gill § General Merchandise – Joseph Morris § Temperance Store

Businesses: § Hotels: “Northern Hotel – 2 nd Frame Building in Town – T. H. Sheppard – 1868 § Barber Shop – H. H. Pralt – 1881 § Marlette Bank: Charles Messmore – 1881 § Clothing and Furniture – J. A. Medler – 1881

Businesses: § Dress Making Store – Mrs. A. M. Vliet – 1877 § Attorneys – Mc. Mahon and Mc. Clure – 1880 § Dentist – Dr. N. Vliet – 1877 § Doctors: 1880’s § Mc. Crea, Dodge, Harris, Drummond

Businesses: § Pharmacy – 3 in 1880’s § S. H. Warner § C. H. Reynolds § S. B. Shaw § § § Hardware: J. W. Councilor – 1875 Groceries: H. C. Sloat – 1885 Meat Market: N. S. Fancher - 1878

Businesses: § Bakeries: § W. D. Ragan – 1881 § G. H. Bullock – 1884 § § Harness Shop: H. C. Burget – 1881 Jewelry and Music: R. Powell – 1879 Blacksmith: J. H. Hayden – 1882 Undertaker: Rotz Brothers - 1884

Railroads: § Port Huron to Mayville: § September 1881 § Major Train wreck – West of Marlette § May 26, 1903 § Historic Train Depot: § Renovation

Marlette District Library: § 1921: Built with Carnegie Foundation Grant § $15, 000 § 1 st Librarian: Kate Mc. Gill § 1987 – Michigan Historic Site

Mobil Home Industry: § Marlette Mobil Homes Plant – 1935 § Built tank boxes - WWII

Hospital: § Opened in 1951 § Only accredited hospital in a town of 1, 600 of less in population § Served 11 villages in 3 counties