AQUAECA technology New era of disinfection by

AQUAECA® technology New era of disinfection by electrochemically activated solutions

AQUAECA – Izumrud offers line of own products, technologies and methodologies aimed at improving the profitability of our customers, using human- and eco-safe technologies of disinfection and cleaning. Our main activity meets the request of any sector of the modern economy: achieving maximum efficiency while ensuring the safety of people and the environment which we live in. AQUAECA - Izumrud offers solutions based on the principle of electrochemical activation of solutions (ECAS) - complete removal of pathogenic microorganisms not only without consequences for humans, but also with positive effects on health. This innovative technology - a new word may even be a new era in disinfection. 2

Use of innovative ECAS method with AQUAECA technology: • Totally excludes using of sodium (calcium) hypochlorite - toxic disinfectant associated with number of problems during transportation, storage and preparation for use • The workload on the staff to perform disinfection reduces substantially (with the ability to optimize the cost). 3

Disinfection of water: comparison of technologies ü ü Innovative ECAS way AQUAECA technology The concentration of the solution is less The formation of side products of disinfections - trihalomethanes is less (60%) Complete destruction of the biofilm and the elimination of its formation Achieving positive health effect due to biocide compatibility with the human immune system, environmental safety Traditional method using sodium (calcium) hypochlorite The concentration of active solution is higher The formation of side products of disinfections - trihalomethanes is higer (60%) Does not affect on a biofilm, does not prevent its further occurrence Toxic with negative impact on human health and the environment 4

Disinfection of water: comparison of technologies ü ü Innovative ECAS way AQUAECA technology Complete destruction of pathogenic microorganisms Achieving cleaning of indoor air from odors Complete elimination of "addiction" - adaptation of pathogens to the working disinfecting solution Complete exclusion of the possibility of an overdose, poisoning and allergic reactions Traditional method using sodium (calcium) hypochlorite Is not effective against some bacteria Does not eliminate odors Adaptation of pathogens to the toxic biocide The possibility of an overdose, poisoning and allergic reactions 5

Comparison table of solutions Comparison criterion Traditional sodium (calcium) hypochlorite solution AQUAECA Desy solution Active matter Na. OCl HOCl; Cl. O- ; Cl; HO 2 -; HO 2; HO-; H 2 O 2; O 3; O Active matter content 0, 5 % 0, 05 % Main active substance Sodium hypochlorite Hypochlorous acid Na. OCl HOCl ˃10 3. 5 -7. 5 Not effective Effective Can adapt Will not adapt Needed Not needed Main active substance formula p. H Effectiveness against Guardia, Cryptosporidium, Legionella Adaptation of pathogens to biocide Need of batch (shock) treatment 6

Comparison table of solutions Traditional sodium (calcium) hypochlorite solution AQUAECA Desy solution Biofilm formation Does not prevent Prevent Affect on biofilm Does not affect Destroys Toxic (II class) Non-toxic (IV class) Biocompatibility Not compatible Compatible Ecological safety Hazardous to environment Eco-safe Does not have Shows Allergic action Affect Does not affect Healing action Does not affect Affect Forms Lesser by 60 % Comparison criterion Toxicity Detergent properties Formation of Trihalomethanes Formation of chloro-chelating compounds with heavy metals ions Overdose Forms Harmful Does not form Safe 7

Technology of electrochemical solutions activation It is assumed that water can be an effective disinfectant or detergent only in form of solutions of active chemical ingredients. But most of the components after use creates serious threat not only to the environment but also to human health (i. e. , side products of chlorine in the water - carcinogenic trihalomethanes). However, ECAS technology shows that water itself is the bearer of all disinfectants and cleaning properties far exceeding traditional chemical methods. The technology of electrochemical activation of solutions (ECAS) - is the basis of activity AQUAECA - Izumrud. It allows you to change the properties of brackish water so that the water becomes a powerful disinfectant, or an effective detergent. AQUAECA apparatus. Brackish water enters the electric field between the anode and the cathode and using an ion-selective membrane is divided into a microbiocidal solution AQUAECA Desy (other names – electrolyzed water, mixed oxidant, ANC) and the detergent (washing solution) AQUAECA Limi. Aqueous ECAS solutions acquire high energy charge without significant changes in their chemical structure. 8

Use of activated water at soft drinks plants CIP Disinfection Bottling lines including hot fill Battles and caps Preparation department tanks Hands of personnel Syrup tanks Air in premises Feeding lines for water Cleaning Sewage to obtain required Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) Walls, floors, ceiling in workshops Equipment in water treatment department Friolin bottling line Filters in syrup department 9

Types of AQUAECA devices used at soft drinks plants AQUAECA SANIX 80 -95 % Aquaeca Desy : 20 -5 % Aquaeca Limi AQUAECA LIMIX 70 % Aquaeca Limi : 30 % Aquaeca Asy 10

Types of solutions obtained at ACQUAECA apparatus using ECAS method AUQAECA Desy AQUAECA Desy activated water – p. H-neutral high-performance broadspectrum solution which removes any bacteria, viruses, spores and fungi, noncorrosive, non-toxic, safe, has a disinfecting effect. After use, spontaneously transforms into the water without the formation of toxic compounds. The main active ingredient is AQUAECA Desy is hypochlorous acid – the mean of human body combating with the microorganisms, which is highly effective and definitely non-toxic. Øp. H 6. 5 -7. 2 ØRedox potential : +800 … +1000 ØMineralization: below 2 g per liter ØOxidants concentration: 500+5 mg per liter 11

Types of solutions obtained at ACQUAECA apparatus using ECAS method AUQAECA Desy The way AQUAECA Desy affects on bacteria, viruses, fungi and spores is sophisticated - it oxidizes components of the cell membrane of a microbe and thus deprives the organism of life. However, AQUAECA Desy has no effect on living tissue because of their complex structure and is completely safe for humans, animals and plants. This high level of disinfection combined with complete safety is unattainable with traditional chemical disinfectants. 12

Types of solutions obtained at ACQUAECA apparatus using ECAS method AQUAECA Limi activated water - the cleaning solution with a disinfecting effect, non-toxic, non-corrosive, non-irritating to the skin and environmentally safe. After use, spontaneously transforms into the water without the formation of toxic compounds. Øp. H 12. 0 -12. 5 ØRedox potential : -600 … -800 ØMineralization: below 4 g per liter ØNa. OH concentration: 0. 6 g per liter 13

Types of solutions obtained at ACQUAECA apparatus using ECAS method AQUAECA Asy AQUAECA Limi activated water – acidic disinfecting solution with cleaning properties, harmless, non-toxic Øp. H 1. 7 -2. 3 ØRedox potential : +80 … +1200 ØMineralization: below 4 g per liter ØOxidants concentration: 550 mg per liter 14

The way of working AUQAECA apparatus • AQUAECA apparatus - compact device (the average size is comparable to household electric switchboard), which converts table salt and tap water (conventional products for food) at the site of application into powerful and safe disinfectant (AQUAECA Desy) and cleaning (AQUAECA Limi) aqueous solutions. In a separate plastic tank concentrated solution of salt and water is prepared (2535%). The salt concentration is stabilized with special design of the tank, and the water enters the tank through the level control system. This design allows the apparatus operator to fill the tank with salt once a week. Apparatus is connected to a power supply and softened water source with a pressure of 1. 5 - 2. 5 bar, and integrated pump unit takes brine from the brine tank. Apparatus check is not required: settings are pre-defined so that the optimum proportion of salt and water consumes at constant electrical parameters. Inside the device brine and softened water enter the electric field and are divided into the disinfecting AQUAECA Desy and the cleaning AQUAECA Limi solutions which are collected in two separate plastic tank. The tanks have integrated level control, which automatically turns on and off the apparatus depending on the filling or emptying of tanks. 15

The way of working AUQAECA apparatus Ø Ø From these tanks disinfecting (AQUAECA Desy) and detergent (AQUAECA Limi) solutions can be injected into any water system or pour into any containers for hundreds of possible applications of safe activated solutions AQUAECA. Apparatus is patented, has the necessary permits General requirements Space for placing the apparatus must be equipped with: ventilation system with a single change of air in the room volume per hour power voltage of 220 V, 50 Hz, power consumption of 900 -1000 watts feeding line from the water supply, water temperature +10 - +25°C, pressure 2. 06. 0 atmospheres open sewer The room temperature should be between 10 - 400 C and the relative humidity should be lower than 80% at 25°C. 16

The way of working AUQAECA apparatus Installation requirements: floor space for installation of AQUAECA apparatus must be over 3 sq. meters (space for maintenance included). Requirement of salt: use pelletized salt with a sodium chloride content of not less than 98% or chemically pure grade Do not use table salt with iodine and fluorine. The requirement to water: Ø you must install a mechanical filter at the inlet of feeding water line, Ø the water used must be potable fresh water. If total water mineralization is over than 5 m. Eq. / L it is necessary to use water softeners. 17

Biocide activity of AQUAECA Desy depending on dosage MICROORGANISM, STRAIN BIOCIDE ACTIVITY, % Aquaeca Desy 30 mgl Aquaeca Desy 15 mgl Basillas subrilis 100 78 Pseudomonas aeroginosa 100 87 Acinetobacter calcoaceticus 100 Lactobacilus brevis 100 Micrococcus Luteus 100 Streptococcus feacalis 100 31 Pseudomonas fliurescens 100 66 Staphylococcus aereus 100 Pseudomonas alcaligenes 100 52 18

Biocide activity of AQUAECA Desy depending on dosage MICROORGANISM, STRAIN BIOCIDE ACTIVITY, % Aquaeca Desy 30 mgl Aquaeca Desy 15 mgl Pseudomonas medocina 100 88 Pseudomonas putida 100 90 Bacilus cereus 100 92 Micrococcus roseus 100 Pseudomonas stutzeri 100 57 Pseudomonas syringae 100 87 19

Biocide activity of AQUAECA Desy Microorganism, strain Description Biocide activity confirmed by Centro virusológico del IMIC MD FR (Anolito. ANK) Virus Cindbis cepa 574 Pathogen Sindbis Fever - Area of natural arbovirus focal infectious disease. Poliovirus tipo I Poliovirus - the infectious agent that causes poliomyelitis, human enterovirus. Colí-fago f 52 Infect a bacterial cell, multiply and kill it. IIC-D, MSP FR (Anólito ANK) Coli albicans Diploid fungus pathogen of opportunistic human infections. University College London Hospitals, UK (Anólito. AN) Basillas subtilis ATCC 19659 Bacillus subtilis, gram- positive sporeforming aerobic & soil bacteria. Chemical Technologies Ltd. , USA (Anólito ANK) Rod-shaped, Gram-positive bacteria Chemical Technologies Ltd. , USA (Anólito ANK) Basillus stearothermophilus ATCC 7953 ATCC 12980 IIC-D, MSP FR (Anólito ANK) 20

Biocide activity of AQUAECA Desy Microorganism, strain Description Biocide activity confirmed by Centro virusológico del IMIC MD FR (Anolito. ANK) Virus Cindbis cepa 574 Pathogen Sindbis Fever - Area of natural arbovirus focal infectious disease. Poliovirus tipo I Poliovirus - the infectious agent that causes poliomyelitis, human enterovirus. Colí-fago f 52 Infect a bacterial cell, multiply and kill it. IIC-D, MSP FR (Anólito ANK) Coli albicans Diploid fungus pathogen of opportunistic human infections. University College London Hospitals, UK (Anólito. AN) Basillas subtilis ATCC 19659 Bacillus subtilis, gram- positive sporeforming aerobic & soil bacteria. Chemical Technologies Ltd. , USA (Anólito ANK) Rod-shaped, Gram-positive bacteria Chemical Technologies Ltd. , USA (Anólito ANK) Basillus stearothermophilus ATCC 7953 ATCC 12980 IIC-D, MSP FR (Anólito ANK) 21

Biocide activity of AQUAECA Desy Biocide activity confirmed by Microorganism, strain Description Basillas anthracis Gram-positive spore-forming bacteria. Causes anthrax. Battelle, USA (Anólito ANK) Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19113 Listeria - genus of gram-positive rodshaped bacteria. Pathogens for animals and humans. Chemical Technologies Ltd. , USA (Anólito ANK) Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 Spherical gram-positive bacteria Causes variety of illnesses - from skin inflammation to pneumonia, osteomyelitis, meningitis, endocarditis, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 Enterococcus faecalis may cause various infections: urinary tract infections, intraabdominal, organs of pelvic wound, endocarditis. Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028 Gram-negative mobile anaerobic rods, causing Salmonellosis - acute intestinal infections in animals and humans. Chemical Technologies Ltd. , USA (Anólito ANK) Radical Waters, SA (Anólito ANK) Chemical Technologies Ltd. , USA (Anólito ANK) 22

Biocide activity of AQUAECA Desy Microorganism, strain Escherіchіa coli ATCC 43895 Mycobacterium avium NCTC 10437 Mycobacterium chelonei cepas clínicas Description Escherichia coli - gram-negative rodshaped bacterium, commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms. Most of strains are harmless but some may cause acute intestinal intoxication. Slow-growing type of mycobacteria - "yellow bacilli. “ Causes mycobacteriosis. Mostly defeats human respiratory system with the destruction of the lung tissue, lymphadenitis in children, disseminated processes in individuals with impairment of the immune system. Mycobacteria family actinomycetes pathogenic to Mammals. Biocide activity confirmed by Chemical Technologies Ltd. , USA (Anólito ANK) 23

Biocide activity of AQUAECA Desy Microorganism, strain Mycobacterium xenopi NCTC 10042 Mycobacterium smegmatis NCTC 8159 Pseudomonas aeruginosa CECT 116 ATCC 15442 Description Mycobacteria recognized as pathogenic to humans. Appears often by defeating of the human respiratory system with involving the upper lobes and destruction of lung tissue. Rapidly growing mycobacteria which causes 80% of infections. Gram-negative mobile rodshaped bacteria. Pathogenic to humans, the causative agent of Nosocomial infections in human. Treatment is difficult since high resistance to antibiotics. Biocide activity confirmed by Chemical Technologies Ltd. , USA (Anólito ANK) Instituto politécnico nacional, Mexico 24

Biocide activity of AQUAECA Desy Biocide activity confirmed by Microorganism, strain Description Mycobacterium chelonei cepas clínicas Kind of higher fungi of the genus Aspergillus (Aspergillus); causes diseases of humans and animals (aspergillosis) Chemical Technologies Ltd. , USA (Anólito ANK) Mycobacterium xenopi NCTC 10042 Pleomorphic Gram-negative rod-saped bacteria. Causes severe infections including meningitis, bacterial endocarditis, pneumonia, bacteremia. Chemical Technologies Ltd. , USA (Anólito ANK) Aspergillus brasiliensis CECT 2574 ATCC 10231 Kind of higher fungi of the genus Aspergillus (Aspergillus); causes diseases of humans and animals (aspergillosis) Acinetobacter calcoaceticus Pleomorphic Gram-negative rod-saped bacteria. Causes severe infections including meningitis, bacterial endocarditis, pneumonia, bacteremia. Instituto politécnico nacional, Mexico 25

Biocide activity of AQUAECA Desy Microorganism, strain Lactobacillus brevis Micrococcus (Luteus, riseus. . . ) Pseudomonas (Alcaligenis, medocina, studzeri, syringae, putida. . . ) Bacilus cereus Description Biocide activity confirmed by Gram-positive, rod-shaped form of lactic acid bacteria, one of the most common causes of spoilage of beer. Instituto politécnico nacional, Mexico Small gram-positive spherical cells – obligate aerobes, saprophytes, optional parasites. Instituto politécnico nacional, Mexico Representatives of the family Pseudomonas, and induce the endogenous exogenous infection. Instituto politécnico nacional, Mexico Gram-positive spore-forming bacteria. Causes intoxications in humans. Instituto politécnico nacional, Mexico 26

Study of biofilm at production line after Aquaeca Desy treatment Biofilm before treatment After treatment by Aquaeca Desy 5 mgl After treatment by Aquaeca Desy 500 mgl 27

Advantages of using AUQAECA apparatus and solutions Reduction of Elimination of Washing time - up to 40 % Damage to seals & gaskets at bottling lines Water used - up to 60 % Use of chemicals Power used – up to 80 % Use of toxic products Waste water (sewage) contamination – up to 30 % due to decreasing of p. H, COD & BOD Risk to health of staff Usage of Aquaeca apparatus at soft drinks plants showed time of washing reduction from 200 to 72 minutes, time of rinsing from 75 to 12 minutes, reduction of microbiology index to zero, saving of electric power since no need to heat washing solution 28

Scheme of fully automated AUQAECA system for soft drinks plants ü ü ü Fully automated No operator needed Maintains required parameters Automatically rinses the system itself Can be connected to CIP 29

Comparison table of technologies Parameters Technology USA Ireland. USA South Africa AQUAECA Elimination of chemicals usage - - + + Odor elimination guaranteed - - + + Taste of a drink guaranteed (no changes) - + + + Possibility to vary disinfecting to washing solution ratio (depending on needs of a plant) - - - + Risk of oxidizing after application of solutions Low Medium Very low Biofilm removal during disinfection (20 -30 minutes) - + Absolute effectiveness against bacteria - + + + Sodium hypochlorite Hypochlorous acid 4. 27 9. 6 3. 4 Active substance Quantity of salt per 1 gram of oxidants in disinfecting solution 30

History of invention • • In 70 es of the last century, a group of scientists of the Central Asian Institute of Gas Industry (USSR) headed by S. A. Alekhine tested the apparatus they created to improve the properties of drilling fluids. By conventional apparatus for electrolysis of water was added special ion-selective membrane that separated the water into two fluids with phenomenal properties: acidic water - anolyte and alkaline water - catholyte. This very process of water treatment was called electrochemical activation of solutions (ECAS). The solution was able to completely disinfect air, surfaces and water. Simultaneously the disinfecting effect was achieved very quickly, not only without harm to the human body and without any harmful waste, but as a new study showed fluid has healing properties for wound healing. Initially, studies were secret, and only years later, when the magazine "Inventor" published first article about the amazing properties of activated water and their possible applications in various sectors of the economy, the real boom began. In Tashkent began a pilgrimage of chief engineer and senior specialists from all corners of the vast Soviet Union. Discovery allowed to create a truly revolutionary new non-waste eco -friendly technology in almost all areas of human activity. 31

History of invention • The result of the application of ECAS technology is the reduction or complete elimination of chemicals’ consumption, reducing pollution of the solutions, improving the quality of final products, reducing time, increasing the efficiency and simplify the various processes, as well as improved health and environmental concerns. Virtually any human activity, which has contact with the liquid, can be used ECAS technology. 32