APPLYING DAML TO FOREIGN CLEARNACE GUIDE FCG 07

APPLYING DAML TO FOREIGN CLEARNACE GUIDE (FCG) 07 May 03 Mark Gorniak AFRL DAML Program Manager Information Technology Directorate Air Force Research Laboratory gorniakm@rl. af. mil (315) 330 -7724 1

AFRL Integrated Flight Management / Advanced Technology Demonstration (IFM/ATD) AMC Data Environment As of Feb 03 Technology Investment Schedule FY Prior 02 03 04 05 WARP Integration - SEP 01 IDi. ON Integration - MAY 02 NOTAM Search and Retrieval Diplomatic Clearance Automation Intelligent Information Management T A C C Dynamic Planning and Scheduling Technology Transition* * Continuous through Spiral Development of Deliverable Capabilities Description • Develop intelligent search, retrieval, and storage of mission planning data to optimize current, and future C 2 capabilities • Improve AMC flight planning system Technology • Comprehensive, efficient algorithm for flight planning • Data search and integration methods with automated feedback into planning and scheduling system • Intelligent software agents for mobility asset planning • Constraint-based planning/scheduling Benefits to the Warfighter • Reduce unneeded information presented to flyers, planners, and flight managers • Highlight constraining events automatically to operators • Increase overall productivity within the Tanker Airlift Control Center (TACC) • Allow the operator to run numerous courses of action quickly and then select the best option • WARP (Worldwide Aeronautical Route Planner) integration led to 14% fewer flying hours and 7% ($202. 9 M) less fuel in mobility scenario† †Defense Science Board (DSB) Fuel Study - May 2000 POC: Edward De. Palma AFRL/IFSF 2

The “Big Picture” Problem We’re Addressing Air Mobility Command (AMC) Diplomatic Clearance Problem – $180 K Per Day During Contingencies – Indirect Effects: • • Lost Crew Time • Disrupted Flight/Cargo Movement Schedules • …and On NCE Loss of $80 K in Fuel and One Sortie Daily Due to Dip Clearance Violation ARA – CLE • Delays in Transportation/Supply System 3

AMC Diplomatic Clearance Solution • Focus is efficient TACC Diplomatic Clearance Scheduling by automating: – Lead Time Computation Foreign Clearance Guide (FCG) Example: • AIRCRAFT LEAD TIME REQUIREMENT – – – 1. Landings in the former East Germany (except for the three airports in Berlin) - 2. Air Exercises and training events in the airspace over the former East Germany - (5) working days Five (5) working days “Brain Book” (paper binder with penciled-in tallies) -> Applications/Annotation • Approach – – FCG Annotation Agent-based Automation 4

Current AMC Procedures/Challenges • Extremely Dynamic Planning Environment • • • ~300 Missions Per Day, 400 -600 Sorties! Responsive to Daily Global Changes Dip Clearance Process Not Integrated • Changes to Mission Schedule Not Always Linked to Diplomatic Clearance Shop/ • FCG Improving Information Flow/Storage • • Stovepiped Data Becoming Integrated Headed Toward Complete, Constraint-Based Planning and Scheduling Environment 5

Hazardous Cargo Constraints A B C D E F 6

Brain Book Applications/Annotation Hazardous Cargo Brain Book 7

FCG Annotation Ontologies Developed to Date • • • Aircraft. Clearance. Request-ont Aircraft. Type-ont Airport. Cargo. Exception-ont Airport-ont Clearance. Option-ont Contact-ont FCG OWL Ontology Country-ont Hazardous. Cargo. Exception-ont Mission Holiday-ont Leadtime-ont Sortie Aircraft Diplomatic Clearance Cargo Landing. Notification-ont* Mission-ont Hazardous Non-Hazardous Lead Time Country Time * Not yet coded 8

Ontology Driven Information Processing FCG Database Content Editing GUI for Holiday Data FCG Database schema for Holiday Data tables Schema design drives GUI design Data exchanged between database and GUI Ontology drives schema design Data from database populates instance file Instance file conforms to ontology OWL Holiday Ontology Instance of Holiday Data (OWL) 9

FCG Annotation FCG Content Markup Process Flow Authoritative Data Source (e. g. Electronic FCG) FCG Oracle Database Instance Data (OWL) Lead Time Compute Agents conforms to Analyst using FCG Database Content Editing GUI Analyst using FCG Database Content Publishing GUI FCG OWL Ontology “Diplomatic Clearance Solutions for the Integrated Flight Management System” : BBN & DRC 10

Lead Time Computation Lead Time Algorithm • For each country – Match the appropriate FCG rule (country, overflight/landing, mission type, hazardous cargo, blankets, etc. ) to get the lead time requirements. – Calculate the suspense date based on the mission date, lead time requirements, working days, and holidays. – Return the lead time for landing and overflight 11

Leadtime values for the mission 12

Map displaying areas requiring dip clearances – Red indicating a problem 13

Agent-based Automation Agent Types Heavy-weight Computation Agents - Lead Time Work Days Exception Handling Reroute Suggestions Light-weight Computation Agents - Create Dip Clearance Request Form - Validate Dip with Map – red/green - Check Blanket Clearance Availability - Classify Hazmat Cargo Search Agents - Monitor and Generate Alerts - Fetch Data 14

FCG Annotation Benefits of FCG and Brain Book Content Markup • Content becomes “agent-consumable” – “Inference-able” on two levels • • • Rule-like information that already exists as part of DAML (i. e. subclass relationships) Use of Rule. ML to represent conditional expression Automation of certain previously manual tasks (i. e. Lead time computations) – – Reduces human error Unambiguous – interpretation of information is same every time 15

Lessons Learned • Human readable text version must be supplemented with a significantly different (DAML) version of the FCG for machine readability. • The DAML ontology is bounded by the application envisioned but reuseable by future applications. DAML allows ontologies to be extended. – • The ontology is used to organize information, in an associated knowledge base or database, and promises to enable the ability to extend and draw inferences on information. – • Current ontology mostly limited to key concepts associated with extracting lead-times from the FCG Note: DAML “Rules Standard” not yet defined; Query Language In-Process Currently, manual “mark up” required to extract FCG instances – Ultimately, information providers (Embassies or State Department) should be equipped with tools/templates that will allow the DAML version to be created "easily" 16