Anytime Anywhere Anyone AAA Internet Voting in India

Anytime, Anywhere Anyone (AAA) Internet Voting in India Raj Reddy Carnegie Mellon University Aug 2, 2016

Long Term Vision Only 65% are able vote today l Rest are unable to vote for many reasons l Physical Handicap or Age or Lack of Transporation l Travel out of station l Service Professionals l Migrant Workers including Officers on duty l l Technology can enable over 95% to cast the vote, today Time Independent: ANYTIME l Location Independent: ANYWHERE l Category Independent: ANYONE l l Expectation: Near Term: l Medium Term: l Long Term: l 40% of Voters will own Smart Phones 70% of Voters will own Smart Phones 90% of Voters will own Smart Phones

Desired Outcomes l l l Online Voting: Permitted for Any “Registered” Voter with a “Smart Phone” Anytime Voting: Upto 4 weeks ahead of Election Date Anywhere Voting: From anywhere in world Access to Next Gen EVMs for Voters without Smartphones Authentication by Voice Dialog in Local Language l Aadhaar Card plus Voice Print Authorization using OTP at the Time of Voting using Personalized ECI App after Authentication and Challenge Questions l Audit using Triplicated Data Centers l

Emerging Business of Political Hacking and Stealing Elections More Dangerous than Voting Fraud Modern political operation: running attack ads, researching the opposition, and finding ways to suppress a foe’s turnout. l Disinformation and Misinformation l Manipulate social media to create false waves of enthusiasm and derision, l Defacing campaign websites l spoof and clone Web pages, and l send mass e-mails and texts l Digital interception, attack, decryption, and defense l Dirty war and psychological operations, black propaganda, rumors l “Online and Physical” breakin to steal campaign strategies and Install spyware in opposition offices l l l Breaking into opponents’ donor databases Specialties: develop the best malware. scan systems and software for vulnerabilities. mobile intercept l hack smartphones

Requirements for Internet Voting l l l Connectivity: Computing: Capacity: Authentication App: Authorization App: Audit Voting (E 2 E VIV) Wi. Fi/Broadband Wireless Smart Phone Speech Based UI Local Language Speech Dialog QA and One Time Password End to End Verified Internet

Reliable IT Infrastructure: Data Centers, Wi. Fi and Broadband Wireless in Villages Multi Vendor Data Centers l Village Level Access through l Wi. Fi l Broadband Wireless l Access to Smart Phone l Speech I/O based User Interface l

Action Items Agree on a Multiphase Implementation of E 2 E-VIV l Remote Voting Permitted for Any Registered Voter with a Smart Phone l Anytime: Upto 4 weeks ahead of Election Date? l Anywhere: From anywhere in world l Use of NG-EVMs must always be available l Authentication by Voice Dialog in Local Language l Target Dates l Near Term: l Medium Term: l Long Term: l 30% of Voters use Internet 60% of Voters use Internet 80% of Voters use Internet