Announcements • Papers – begin preliminary research now • Exams back Wednesday (Lord willing) • Continue to take advantage of review sessions • • • Psalm 18: 47 (Hebrew) HAI ADONAI UVARUKH Lives The LORD and blessed (is) VEYARUM ELOHEI And may He be exalted the God of TZURI (2 X) my Rock YESHU’ATI (2 X) My salvation
Review Questions • What is the Deuteronomic History? • What are the implications of the term herem? • Why is it important to recognize that the conquest recorded in Joshua did not result in an immediate occupation? • What did the people promise at the end of the book of Joshua?
The Major Judges What Questions Do These Narratives Raise?
The “Second Generation” Problem Judges 2: 10 -19 • • • Apostasy - idolatry Oppression Repentance Deliverance Repetition • This is the primary message of the book. It uses incidents from Israel’s early history in the land to teach an important lesson. Judges does not necessarily present a chronological history.
Geo-political circumstances • No major international enemies – Egyptians and Hittites battled each other but that did not affect Israel • Oppression from neighboring (Moab, Philistia) and nomadic (Amalekites, Midianites) peoples • Tribal unity basically self-contained; no central rule
The geo-political context
Messages of the book • Disobedience of the people brought punishment from the Lord – a recurring theme of the DH (“Israel did evil in the eyes of the Lord”) • Set the stage for the establishment of the kingship (DH – focus on the tribe of Judah) • Emphasis on the sovereignty of God – who used flawed individuals often in spite of themselves
Major Judges (Hebr 11: 32, 33) • • Deborah and Barak Gideon Jephthah Samson • There are two additional “major” judges (Othniel and Ehud) and six minor ones – twelve altogether. • Note the prominence of women in the book.
Deborah and Barak • Note locations of Deborah and Barak • Hazor • Mt. Tabor • Kishon Brook • Tribes of Naphtali and Zebulon
Deborah and Barak (Judges 4 -5) • Israel’s apostasy • Jabin, king of Hazor, and his general, Sisera • Deliverers were Deborah and Barak – Deborah was a prophet and judge – authority – Barak suffered from lack of courage • Courage of Jael • The battle in the Jezreel Valley • Victory celebrated in poetry
Gideon • Tribe of Manasseh • Midianites, Amalekites and other eastern peoples • Gaza • Spring of Harod • Mt. Moreh
Wine Press
Gideon (Judges 6 -8) • Israel’s apostasy • Oppressors were Midianites, Amalekites, other eastern peoples • Deliverer was Gideon – Visit of the angel of the LORD – The sign(s) and his need for encouragement • Victory – but tainted by tensions between “east and west” • Gideon’s weaknesses • The aftermath – Abimelekh and Jotham
Jephthah • Philistines • Ammonites
Jephthah
Jephthah (Judges 10: 6 -12: 13) • Severe apostasy of Israel • Oppressors – Philistines and Ammonites • Deliverer was Jephthah – His identity and “call” – His rash vow • The victory • The aftermath – The vow fulfilled – Intertribal warfare
Samson • Tribe of Dan • Philistines • Timnah, Zorah, Eshtaol • Ashkelon • Gaza
Samson (Judges 13 -16) • Apostasy and oppression from the Philistines • The deliverer – A Nazirite (cf Num 6) who did not take the vow seriously – Samson’ weaknesses (Philistine women; his spirit of vengeance) • A series of victories in spite of character flaws
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