8e231a9cb0bec63ed54fd0f63972c236.ppt
- Количество слайдов: 81
Animated Vision Associates Allan Hytowitz
“Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic. ” Arthur C. Clarke’s Third Law
International Vision Standards 1988 “Visual resolution, as used in optics and visual science, refers to the ability to just detect a break in a line or the separation of parallel lines or points of light (minimum separable). This class of thresholds can be measured using short bars, Landolt rings, gratings or other targets. ” Visual Acuity Measurement Standard CONSILIUM OPHTHALMOLOGICUM UNIVERSALE Visual Functions Committee August Colenbrander, M. D. General Secretary, Visual Functions Committee, International Council of Ophthalmology Department of Ophthalmology Pacific Medical Center Clay and Webster Streets San Francisco, CA 94115, U. S. A.
Problems with Current Vision Tests • • Culturally based / culturally biased Based upon comprehension and not acuity 5 arc minute standard is not accurate Tendency for over-refraction/over-stimulation
The Snellen Test 1862 - 2010
The Snellen Test Universal? Russia China? India? Saudi Arabia? Israel? Germany? Mexico?
Problems with Current Vision Tests • • Culturally based / culturally biased Based upon comprehension and not acuity 5 arc minute standard is not accurate Tendency for over-refraction/over-stimulation
The Snellen Test The “hidden secret” 60% comprehension is a “failing grade” for Optometry AND the patient
The Snellen Test 1862
The Landolt Ring 1988 - 2010
Problems with Current Vision Tests • • Culturally based / culturally biased Based upon comprehension and not acuity 5 arc minute standard is not accurate Tendency for over-refraction/over-stimulation
International Vision Standards 1988 - 2010 5 arc minutes? 4. 8 arc minutes or 5. 2 arc minutes?
International Vision Standards 1988 - 2010 pi = 3 ? pi = 3. 14159…
Problems with Current Vision Tests • • Culturally based / culturally biased Based upon comprehension and not acuity 5 arc minute standard is not accurate Tendency for over-refraction/over-stimulation
The Snellen Test #1 or #2?
The Snellen Test #1 or #2?
How Dyops™ Work • The eye is a digital camera, NOT analog • Dyop™ precision based upon physiology • Dyops™ can be virtually any rotating shape
The eye is NOT an analog camera
Anatomy of a digital camera
Electronic Pixels Photoreceptors Electronic Pixels
Pixels in the Eye Acuity is determined by cone photoreceptor perception Pixels in the Eye
Retinal Cones–Normal Color Vision Blue cones absent in central fovea • • Red cones = 60% Green cones = 30% Blue cones = 10% Brightness = R + G Retinal Cones–Normal Color Vision Photomicrograph – Dr. Jeff Rabin, USAF
Pixels in the Eye Dyop ™ stroke width versus photoreceptor stimulus path Thinner Dyop™ = thinner segment photoreceptor stimulus Thicker Dyop™ = thicker segment photoreceptor stimulus Dyop ™ stroke width versus photoreceptor stimulus path
Dyop™ Variables
Field of Vision Dyop™ perception The Threshold Distance is the maximum distance where Threshold Image can still be perceived as rotating. Arc degree perception threshold remains constant. Dyop™ perception
What is the Optimum Dyop™? Dyop™ color = White vs. Black Dyop™ background = Black vs. White Dyop™ sectors = stroke width? Dyop™ sectors = number of sectors? Dyop™ 20/20 diameter = 12 mm to 16 mm Dyop™ shape = dots vs. segments vs. triangles? What is the Optimum Dyop™?
What is the Optimum Dyop™? Black Dyop™ on a White Background? 2. 5 % stroke width Black Dyop™ on a White Background
What is the Optimum Dyop™? White Dyop™ on a Black Background 2. 5 % stroke width White Dyop™ on a Black Background
Optimum Dyop™ Stroke Width
Optimum Dyop™ White Ring/Black Gap or Black Ring/White Gap? 12. 5 % stroke width - 7. 5 arc minutes White Ring/Black Gap or Black Ring/White Gap?
Optimum Dyop™ White/Black Dyop™ on a Gray Background 12. 5 % stroke width - 7. 5 arc minutes White/Black Dyop™ on a Gray Background
Optimum Dyop™ Rapid Dyop™ Acuity Range Determination You either see the rotation or you don’t Rapid Dyop™ Acuity Range Determination
Optimum Dyop™ Precise Dyop™ Acuity Determination 19 20 21 Acuity precision without over-refraction Precise Dyop™ Acuity Determination
Optimum Dyop™ Astigmatism Test
Optimum Dyop™ acuity compatible with current standards
Pacific University Validation Initials are those of Pacific University Faculty Members Initial Validation Test Results
Pacific University Validation Anticipated tests • • • Landolt comparison Optimum stroke width Optimum diameter Optimum background Color perception
Pacific University Validation Landolt Rings
Pacific University Validation 20% Stroke Width Dyops™
Pacific University Validation 12. 5% Stroke Width Dyops™ 10% Stroke Width Dyops™
Pacific University Validation Dr. James Sheedy & Allan Hytowitz
Additional Dyop™ Applications • • • Adult Acuity Test Infant Acuity Test Color Perception Test Dyslexia Screening Test Diagnostic Testing Systems Additional Dyop™ Applications
Dyop™ Infant Acuity – 10 foot image Dyop™ rotation images move from Panel to Panel Dyop Infant Acuity – 10 foot image
Dyop™ Infant Acuity – 10 foot image Dyop™ rotation images move from Panel to Panel Dyop Infant Acuity – 10 foot image
Dyop™ Infant Acuity – 4 foot image Dyop™ rotation images move from Panel to Panel Dyop Infant Acuity – 4 foot image
Dyop™ Infant Acuity – 4 foot image Dyop™ rotation images move from Panel to Panel Dyop Infant Acuity – 4 foot image
Additional Dyop™ Applications • • • Adult Acuity Test Infant Acuity Test Color Perception Test Dyslexia Screening Test Diagnostic Testing Systems Additional Dyop™ Applications
Dyop™ Color Acuity
Dyop™ Color Acuity Dyop™ Color Perception @ 12. 5% Stroke Width White = Yellow = Green = 100% Red = 90% Blue = 80%
Additional Dyop™ Applications • • • Adult Acuity Test Infant Acuity Test Color Perception Test Dyslexia Screening Test Diagnostic Testing Systems Dyslexia Screening Test
Dyslexia Screening Perceptual Dyslexia treatment with colored transparencies Potential Dyop™ Dyslexia Screening Test Perceptual Dyslexia – colored transparencies
Dyop™ Dyslexia Applications Types of Perceptual Dyslexia Blurry Effect Rivers Effect Perceptual Dyslexia – Blurry & Halo Effect Seasaw Effect Shaky Effect Swirl Effect Washout Effect Overlapping Writing
Dyop™ Dyslexia Screening Perceptual Dyslexia diagnosis with Dyops™ Dyop™ Dyslexia screening test
Additional Dyop™ Applications • • • Adult Acuity Test Infant Acuity Test Color Perception Test Dyslexia Screening Test Diagnostic Testing Systems Additional Dyop™ Applications
Dyop™ Diagnostic Testing • • Military Vision Screening Drivers License Testing Pilot Screening Tests Peripheral Vision Testing Comprehension Measurement Sobriety Screening Distance Measurement Dyop™ Diagnostic Testing Systems
Dyop™ Diagnostic Testing Dyop™ Military Vision Screening What is the rotation direction of the smallest Dyop™? Dyop™ Military Vision Screening
Dyop™ Diagnostic Testing Dyop™ Drivers License Testing 19 20 21 20/20 acuity = you either see Dyop™ rotation or you don’t Dyop™ Drivers License Testing
Dyop™ Diagnostic Testing Dyop™ Pilot Screening Testing Which Dyops™ were moving? Dyop™ Pilot Screening Testing
Dyop™ Diagnostic Testing Dyop™ Peripheral Vision Test How many Dyops™ can you correctly see? Dyop™ Peripheral Vision Test
Dyop™ Diagnostic Testing Dyop™ Comprehension Measurement As comprehension decreases so does Dyop™ visual acuity Dyop™ Comprehension Measurement
Dyop™ Diagnostic Testing Dyop™ Sobriety Test 1 Getting correct less than 4 out of 5 Dyops™ gets you a ride Dyop™ Sobriety Test
Cyclops World’s Largest Visual Acuity Test BSA Camp Rainey Mountain, Georgia • • Practical Application Proof of Concept Guinness Book of Records Publication in “ 20/20” magazine Cyclops - World’s Largest Visual Acuity Test
Cyclops Google Map to Camp Rainey Mountain Atlanta
Cyclops Google Map of Camp Rainey Mountain Big Rock Admin Bldg Google Map of Camp Rainey Mountain
Cyclops Map of Camp Rainey Mountain Big Rock Admin Bldg Map distance of 3600 feet Map of Camp Rainey Mountain
Cyclops Front view – 10 foot maximum diameter
Cyclops Rear view with location of Big Rock Back of Cyclops Parade Field Rear view with location of Big Rock
Cyclops Location of Big Rock
Cyclops 60 foot distance Cyclops Admin Bldg 60 foot distance 2010 -07 -09
Cyclops 160 foot distance Cyclops Admin Bldg 160 foot distance
Cyclops 270 foot distance
Cyclops 700 foot distance
Cyclops Allan & Scoutmaster Friends
Cyclops – World’s Largest Visual Acuity Test Cyclops
Close up view Cyclops
Cyclops & Allan Cyclops Allan
Cyclops World’s Largest Visual Acuity Test 3700 feet Distance (feet) Diameter (feet) Yes Rotation No Rotation 4000 10. 00 11 0 3900 9. 75 9 2 3800 9. 50 6 5 3700 9. 25 4 7 3600 9. 00 2 9 Control 0. 00 1 10 11 test subjects - July 23, 2010
Animated Vision Associates “Magic Numbers” U. S. Patent Application Number 12/583, 225 August 17, 2009 Estimated to be published ~ February 11, 2011 PCT Request Number US 10/45798 August 17, 2010
Animated Vision Associates “Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic. ” Arthur C. Clarke’s Third Law
Animated Vision Associates When a distinguished but elderly scientist states that something is possible, he is almost certainly right. When he states that something is impossible, he is probably wrong. Arthur C. Clarke’s First Law
Animated Vision Associates “The benefit of technology is NOT in what it lets people accomplish, but in how it improves the character of people. ” Allan Hytowitz