ANDROID OPERATING SYSTEM Presented by Kovalyov Dmitriy 017

ANDROID OPERATING SYSTEM Presented by: Kovalyov Dmitriy, 017 student MIPT 2012

PLAN From the outside: What is Android, versions Going deeper: advantages, features On the inside: architecture, libraries

WHAT IS ANDROID operating system for mobile ◦ Smart phone high-end mobile phone built on a mobile computing platform were devices that mainly combined the functions of a personal digital assistant (PDA) and a mobile phone or camera phone Combine the functions of portable media players, low -end compact digital cameras, pocket video cameras, and GPS navigation units.

◦ tablet computers is a complete mobile computer, larger than a mobile phone or personal digital assistant, integrated into a flat touch screen and primarily operated by touching the screen often uses an onscreen virtual keyboard, a passive stylus pen, or a digital pen

Android is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middleware and key applications provides the tools and APIs necessary to begin developing applications on the Android platform using the Java programming language. consists of a kernel based on the Linux kernel, with middleware, libraries and APIs written in C and application software running on an application framework which includes Java-compatible libraries based on Apache Harmony Provides basic operating system services, message passing, and inter-process communication on the device.

Android, the world's most popular mobile platform Android powers millions of phones, tablets, and other devices and brings the power of Google and the web into your hands. With an amazingly fast browser, cloud sync, multi-tasking, easy ways to connect & share and the latest Google apps (and thousands of other apps available on Android Market) your Android powered device is beyond smart.

Android is a mobile operating system which is becoming a major competitor to i. Phone OS in terms of openness. I am beginning the android series which will be helpful for developers who wish to develop android apps. Android was initially developed by Android Inc. Later acquired by Google to form open Headset alliance [ a group of 65 hardware, software, and telecom companies ]. Applications for android devices are written in Java language.

Android versions android v 1. 5 -cupcake Based on Linux Kernel 2. 6. 27 android v 1. 6 -donut , Based on Linux Kernel 2. 6. 29 android v 2. 0 -ecliar, Based on Linux Kernel 2. 6. 29 Android-2. 2 -Froyo, Based on Linux Kernel 2. 6. 32 android gingerbread, Based on Linux Kernel 2. 6. 33

v 3. 0 Honeycomb is the next version of the Android platform, designed from the ground up for devices with larger screen sizes, particularly tablets Icecream Sandwich The next version composing of both gingerbread and honeycomb into unified OS

The following are lists of devices that have been released with Google's Android operating system installed. Multiple names for the same device are entered in the same row where applicable. Smartphones ◦ Acer Inc. HTC corp ◦ LG corp ◦ Motorola ◦ Samsung ◦ Sony Ericsson ◦ Other manufacturers Alcatel Cherry mobile

Advantage of Android over other Mobile operating systems: Android OS is completely open source. Developers can use the core OS functions to develop applications Unlike Iphone OS which is a closed system. Android supported by various hardware manufacturers (OHA) hence there is no mobilecareer dependency

uses the Dalvik virtual machine with just-in-time compilation to run Dalvik dex-code (Dalvik Executable), which is usually translated from Java bytecode It has a large community of developers writing applications ("apps") that extend the functionality of the devices Android, Inc. was founded in Palo Alto, California, United States in October, 2003 Andy Rubin (co-founder of Danger) Rich Miner(co-founder of Wildfire Communications, Inc. ) Nick Sears (once VP at T-Mobile) Chris White (headed design and interface development at Web. TV)

FEATURES Application framework enabling reuse and replacement of components Dalvik virtual machine optimized for mobile devices Integrated browser based on the open source Web Kit engine Optimized graphics powered by a custom 2 D graphics library; 3 D graphics based on the Open. GL ES 1. 0 specification (hardware acceleration optional) SQ Lite for structured data storage Media support for common audio, video, and still image formats (MPEG 4, H. 264, MP 3, AAC, AMR, JPG, PNG, GIF) GSM Telephony (hardware dependent) Bluetooth, EDGE, 3 G, and Wi. Fi (hardware dependent)

Camera, GPS, compass, and accelerometer (hardware dependent) Rich development environment including a device emulator, tools for debugging, memory and performance profiling, and a plugin for the Eclipse IDE

Android Architecture The following diagram shows the major components of the Android operating system. Each section is described in more detail below.

LIBRARIES Android includes a set of C/C++ libraries used by various components of the Android system. These capabilities are exposed to developers through the Android application framework. System C library - a BSD-derived implementation of the standard C system library (libc), tuned for embedded Linuxbased devices Media Libraries - based on Packet. Video's Open. CORE; the libraries support playback and recording of many popular audio and video formats, as well as static image files, including MPEG 4, H. 264, MP 3, AAC, AMR, JPG, and PNG Surface Manager - manages access to the display subsystem and seamlessly composites 2 D and 3 D graphic layers from multiple applications

◦ Lib. Web. Core - a modern web browser engine which powers both the Android browser and an embeddable web view ◦ SGL - the underlying 2 D graphics engine ◦ 3 D libraries - an implementation based on Open. GL ES 1. 0 APIs; the libraries use either hardware 3 D acceleration (where available) or the included, highly optimized 3 D software rasterizer ◦ Free. Type - bitmap and vector font rendering ◦ SQLite - a powerful and lightweight relational database engine available to all applications

…at parting… Android? Variety of versions Pros Qualities Structure Thank you for your attention!