ANALISA, DISAIN DAN EVALUASI SISTEM INFORMASI RB WAHYU, MSc, Dr. Materi Kuliah Depok, November 2009 Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA 3/18/2018 1/17
SUBPOKOK BAHASAN Siklus sistem informasi Spesifikasi sistem informasi Memilih dan mengevaluasi sistem informasi Q&A 3/18/2018 2/17
TUJUAN KHUSUS Memahami proses: • analisis, • desain dan • evaluasi suatu sistem informasi Dapat menjelaskan langkah yang diperlukan dalam • Merancang sistem informasi • Mengevaluasi sistem informasi serta • Memilih perangkat lunak yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan 3/18/2018 3/17
SIKLUS SISTEM INFORMASI The software development life cycle (SDLC)is the entire process of formal, logical steps taken to develop a software product. Within the broader context of Application Lifecycle Management (ALM), the SDLC is basically the part of process in which coding/programming is applied to the problem being solved by the existing or planned application. 3/18/2018 4/17
SIKLUS SISTEM INFORMASI The phases of SDLC can vary somewhat but generally include the following: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 3/18/2018 Needs Assesment; Design Specifications; Software Development; System Testing; Training; Implementation; System Support/Maintenance; Evaluation. 5/17
SIKLUS SISTEM INFORMASI There are many methodologies or models that can be used to guide the software development lifecycle either as a core model to the SDLC or as a complementary method. These include: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 3/18/2018 The linear or waterfall model (which was the original SDLC method); Rapid application development (RAD) Joint application development (JAD); The iterative model; The v-model; The prototyping model; The fountain model; The spiral model; Build and fix; and Synchronize-and-stabilize. 6/17
WATERFALL MODEL CHARACTERISTICS: 1. TRADITIONAL APPROACH PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES 2. STRUCTURAL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES PASCAL, C, COBOL 3. EACH STEP OF ACTIVITIES DEPENDS ON THE PREVIOUS ACTIVITIES 4. CODE TRANSPARANCIES 3/18/2018 7/17
WATERFALL MODEL Needs Assesment Detail Requirements Global Design Detail Design Programming/Coding Testing Implementation 3/18/2018 8/17
MEMILIH DAN MENGEVALUASI SISTEM INFORMASI 1 Before computer hardware 2 Earliest hardware 3 1801: punched card technology 4 Desktop calculators 5 Advanced analog computers 6 Digital computation 6. 1 Zuse 6. 2 Colossus 6. 3 American developments 6. 3. 1 ENIAC 3/18/2018 9/17
RAPID APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT (RAD) CHARACTERISTICS: 1. CLIENT SERVER ENVIROMENT 2. REUSE OF PREVIOUS DEVELOPMENT PARTICULARLY INPUT SCREEN 3. MAXIMUM USE OF COMPONENTS 4. HIDEN BETWEEN USER INTERFACE AND FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT. 3/18/2018 10/17
RAPID APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT (RAD) 3/18/2018 11/17
PROTOTYPING CHARACTERISTICS: 1. CLIENT SERVER ENVIROMENT 2. MAXIMUM USE OF CASE (COMPUTER AIDED IN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING) 3. MAXIMUM INVOLVEMENT DEVELOPER AND USER 4. USE GENERAL PURPOSE APPLICATION SUCH AS MICROSOFT ACCESS 5. APPLY THE IPO (INPUT PROCEES AND OUTPUT) CONCEPT. 3/18/2018 12/17
PROTOTYPING 3/18/2018 13/17
PROTOTYPING 3/18/2018 14/17
PROTOTYPING 3/18/2018 15/17
PROTOTYPING 3/18/2018 16/17
PROTOTYPING 3/18/2018 17/17
PROTOTYPING CHARACTERISTICS: 1. CLIENT SERVER ENVIROMENT 2. MAXIMUM USE OF CASE (COMPUTER AIDED IN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING) 3. MAXIMUM INVOLVEMENT DEVELOPER AND USER 4. USE GENERAL PURPOSE APPLICATION SUCH AS MICROSOFT ACCESS 5. APPLY THE IPO (INPUT PROCEES AND OUTPUT) CONCEPT. 3/18/2018 18/17
SPESIFIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI 3/18/2018 19/17
SPESIFIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI 3/18/2018 20/17
SPESIFIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI MODUL 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 3/18/2018 Reservasi Kontrak Crew Transport Operasional Pemeliharaan Kendaraan Billing / Invoice EIS 21/17
SPESIFIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI RESERVASI Online reservasi kendaraan wisata : 1. 2. Kesiapan kendaraan Kesiapan Pengemudi Varible model harga 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Per segment Customer, Per Corporate, Per seasonal, Per jenis kendaraan, Per tujuan, Special Request Customer details Gateway reservation ke portal lain etc 3/18/2018 22/17
SPESIFIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI • SALES & MARKETING • Reservasi • Input : 1. Data customer : Nama, Perusahaan, Telp, fax, hp, email, alamat, KTP 2. Jenis incoming call : reservasi, complain, product inquires (long/short term) 3. Tujuan, rute perjalanan, jml unit, jenis kend, hari / tgl depaturearrival 4. Reservasi confirm/ not-confirm 5. Jumlah & waktu pembayaran DP 6. Jumlah & waktu pelunasan 7. Jenis pembayaran • Output : 8. Discount 1. Cancelation : alasan 9. Database Customer 2. Kendaraan & driver available (Retreve Data) 10. Daily report incoming call 3. Kendaraan permit (Security & Operation), b) Laporan Keuangan 11. SIJ : a)Exit pengganti (No. Kend, SIJ sebelum, SIJ pengganti) 4. Customer yg tidak terlayani (jml & harga) 5. L/T DP Pelunasan (hari) 6. L/T Pelunasan Departure (hari) 7. Deviasi standar L/T dengan actual 8. Abandon Call, Call Waiting, Average talk 9. Rata-rata Jml Rp. Per SIJ & rata-rata Jml KM per SIJ • Marketing 10. Jumlah Call per agent per hari • Input : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. • 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. • 1. • • 1. 2. 3. Daily sales activity : Sales call, Sales blitz, Telemarketing Customer Database Sales achievement Promotion Cost Sales Budget Output : Database Customer Sales budget & realisasi : a) Over all, b) Per sales person Sales growth Jenis kendaraan yang terjual Daftar nama & jumlah customer baru Gross margin : per customer, per sales person Revenue per kendaraan • Customer Service Input : Time & Date + User + Complaint Category ; a)Kendaraan; b)Pengemudi c) Pelayanan reservasi 2. Time & Date penyampaian ke Dept lain 3. Time & Date penyampaian jawaban 4. Hasil jawaban/ corrective action 5. Status complain (close / open) 6. Special event Output : Jumlah dan perklasifikasi complaint periode waktu L/T penangan komplain per sequence Reminder : Birthday, after sales, special event • OPERATION • Short-term Rental • FINANCE • Input : 1. Time & Date supporting document collecting from other Dept 2. Database collecting, tagihan & rekap sales 3. Status collecting (PAID or PROGRESS: status invoice terakhir di user & tgl pengecekan) 4. Tabel harga tiap jenis kendaraan & tujuan • Output : 1. Database tagihan perkendaraan percustomer 2. Rekap Sales customer yang harus ditagih 3. Status invoice 4. Aging (source accpack) • Local Area Connection • DATA SERVER • ENGINEERING • Input : 1. Jadwal preventive maintenance 2. No kend , Pool, KM. Kategori & jenis : • a) Preventive maintenance (kelipatan 10. 000 & 20. 000) • b) Unpredictive maintenance: 1) Under steel; 2) Engine; 3)A/C; 4) electric • Input : 1. Kendaraan & driver available (Pool) 2. Pengiriman/penarikan kendaraan ke customer 3. Jumlah aset kendaraan, pajak STNK & Keur 4. Kendaraan selesai operasional; a)No. kend; b)KM; c) BBM (liter); d)Kondisi 5. Time & Date Delivery 6. Time & Date kendaraan dari customer 7. Time & • Output : Date kendaraan keluar / masuk Pool 8. In-out kendaraan (Security) 1. Jumlah kendaraan SGO 2. Lama pemakaian kendaraan 3. KM penggunaan kendaraan 4. Ratio: a)Km : BBM (liter); b) Biaya sewa (Rp; KM) 5. Discrepancies: a) Standar rasio (Km: BBM); b) Standar biaya sewa (Km : BBM) 6. Summary penggunaan kendaraan: a) Nopol; b) Alokasi User / customer • c) Kode User/customer Rental (GA Air Crew) • Long-term • 7. Kondisi kendaraan per SIJ per pengemudi • Input : 1. Retrieve Data CTOD dari CGKDXGA 2. Schedule masuk kerja pengemudi 3. Kehadiran pengemudi 4. Laporan Harian : • a) Jam tiba – berangkat dirumah crew • b) Jam tiba di CGK c) Keterangan / catatan • Output : 1. Print out SIJ penjemputan 2. Performance antar jemput 3. Grafik utilize Vehicle & utilize Driver 4. Descrepance : OTP Driver (%), OTP Crew (%) 5. Jumlah Revisi schedule (%) 6. Report produksi KM, Konsumsi BBM & AVi; 5) Tire; 6) Body Repair; 7) Lain-lain 3. Time & Date mulai-selesai (pengerjaan mekanik) 4. Group & Spv mekanik 5. Sparepart requisition (by spv mekanik) • Output : rate 6. Table flate 1. Blokir SIJ u/ kend yg msk jadwal maintenance 2. Deviasi preventive maintenance: a) Jml Unit; b) Rata 2 PM tidak ontime (hari); c) Pool 3. Riwayat perawatan (jenis, sparepart, biaya, mekanik) 4. Performance mekanik (jenis pekerjaan vs flate rate) 5. Ranking Performance mekanik 6. Performance work shop 7. L/T serah terima kendaraan • ACCOUNTING • Input : 1. Request order sparepart, No kode. Sparepart (retrieve: Engineering) 2. Nama sparepart, jumlah part yang diminta 3. Nama vendor dan jml sparepart (unit &rp) 4. Approval (tic mark) pengambilan spart oleh 5. mekanik, stlh menyerahkan barang bekas 6. Output : dan harga sparepart (cost control) • Vendor 7. Data vendor & jenis & harga sparepart 1. Bukti pemakaian sparepart 2. Rata-rata sampingan posisi stock (min - max) 3. Database pemakaian sparepart
SPESIFIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI • GEN. AFFAIR • SALES & MARKETING • Marketing: • Menghubungi MEW melalui Call Center/ Walk-in • Long-Term Rental • PURCHASING SUPPLIER • Sales Target • Promosi • Telemarketing • Short-Term Rental • Reservasi • Penerbitan SIJ • Penerbitan BPI • Customer Service • Pencatatan & • Complain/ Masukan • CRM meneruskan ke Komite Komplain • Memberi jawaban • Reservasi • HRD • OPERATION • Kendaraan SGO CUSTOMER • Preventive Maintenance • Delivery Kendaraan • Pengemudi Available • ENGINEERING • Security • Jadwal Perawatan • Penggantian Sementara • Understel, Engine, A/C, Electric & AVI, Tire, Body, Lain 2 • Unpredicted Maintenance • ACCOUNTING • Store: • FINANCE • Spare part • Account • Payment/ Cashier • Collection • Receivable • Gambar 1. Hubungan antara kegiatan/modul terkait dalam SITrans 3/18/2018 24/17
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MEMILIH DAN MENGEVALUASI SISTEM INFORMASI • • 3/18/2018 Congruence with organizational requirements Level of satisfaction of other users Compatibility with existing hardware and software Ability to interface with other applications Support available 1. Training 2. Documentation 3. Maintenance Costs 1. Software lease or purchase 2. Additional hardware 3. Implementation 4. Operational maintenance and upgrades Financial stability of vendors 28/17
MEMILIH DAN MENGEVALUASI SISTEM INFORMASI 3/18/2018 29/17
Pemilihan Modul Aplikasi Development (dibuat/dibangun) Ø In House(dibangun sendiri oleh Staf RS) Ø Third Party Development (dibangun oleh Pihak Lain) Package(Beli Paket-Jadi) Ø Customization (‘disesuaikan dgn kondisi RS) Out. Sourcing (Seluruh Pekerjaan Komputerisasi, dikerja kan pihak lain) Key-Point Ø Proven Package Ø Integrated Modules Ø State of the Art Technology Ø Local After Sales Support Ø R&D Center available
Kustomisasi/Penyesuaian Paket-Jadi Pra Kustomisasi v Business Process Review (BPR) v System Walkthrough/Evaluation v Business Process Refinement v Business Process – System Walkthrough Synchronization Data: Sets, Screens, Process, Reports v Define Customization Scope & Due-date, Priority Masa Kustomisasi v System Modules Review v System Modules Customization v System Modules Data-Set Conversion/Migration v System Modularity Test & Minor Customization v System Integration Test &Minor Customization v Systems Parallel Test v System Production & Acceptance
• Bar. Code Printer • Bar. Code Scanner • 3
UTILISASI PERANGKAT ‘ICT: Symbol’ Bar-Code Printer & Reader, RFID: Admission Desk, Patient-ID, Sample-ID, Medical Record, Material Management (Logistic Inventory) ‘SCM (Optimum Stock) Smart-Card, Tracking: Medical Record e-MR (electronic MR) MOBILE COMPUTING/PDA: Pharmacy Prescription (Penulisan Resep), Visite, Order Management (Laboratorium, Radiology, etc) Cash Register: Cashier
BPR • Project • Organisation • Customization Plan • Resource Allocation • Data • Collection/ • Requirement ü ü • Review Requirements • Set Up Priorities • PROJECT SUCCESS DEPENDS ON CLEARLY DEFINED TASKS • Communicate with HMIS Team • Strategic • Customization • Show and Discuss the Progress • IT Plan • Finalization • Forms and Reporting • Manual Book • Test Script • Functional Test
FINALLY SYSTEM • SAVE • YOURSELF • TIME • ENERGY • MONEY • ~ Terima Kasih ~
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