AN ADVANCED URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT CONCEPT GRAYWATER SEPARATION

AN ADVANCED URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT CONCEPT: GRAYWATER SEPARATION Water management company

TYPES OF WASTEWATER There are two types of wastewater created in a home, each of which can be treated and used in various ways. Black water is water that has been mixed with waste from the toilet. Black water requires biological or chemical treatment and disinfection before re-use. Black water should only be re-used outdoors. Grey water is wastewater from non-toilet plumbing fixtures such as showers, basins and taps

TYPES OF WASTEWATER Depending on its use, grey water can require less treatment than backwater and generally contains fewer pathogens. Treated grey water can be reused indoors for toilet flushing and clothes washing, both of which are significant consumers of water. Grey water can also be used for garden watering.

What is grey water? Grey water is the wastewater from your shower, bath, spa, hand basins, laundry tub, washing machine, dishwasher and kitchen sink. It doesn't include water from toilets, urinals or bidets. Used appropriately, you can water your garden with grey water and save up to hundreds of litres of fresh water each day.

Separate Gray water Plumbing Gray water is relatively clean compared to backwater On-site residential reuse Landscape Storage Toilet and coarse filtration Flushing Minimal irrigation Treatment Pathogen inactivation TSS reduction

Current Wastewater Management Energy & cost. WWTP Gray water Black water N&P

Gray water Separation Green Energy Anaerobic Digester Gray water Black water High N Low Pathogen Compost

Advantages of Gray water Separation Reduced load to wastewater treatment plant Reduced capital costs Reduced energy requirements Water conservation Preservation of source waters Water quality improvements

Advantages of Gray water Separation Wastewater can be used to flush toilets, water gardens and even to wash clothes. By using wastewater as a resource rather than a waste product you can: Reduce water bills. Use less water resources. Cut down the amount of pollution going into our waterways. Help save money on new infrastructure for water provision and wastewater treatment. Wastewater re-use decreases effluent volumes, reducing the stress on existing centralized wastewater disposal systems, which will work better and last longer.

DISADVANTAGES The disadvantages of reusing your wastewater also need to be considered. Currently, one of the main disadvantages for most households is the financial cost of installing and maintaining a reuse system. The cost will vary according to: The extent of existing centralized wastewater treatment services where you live. The price of water in your area (urban) or scarcity of water (rural). Whether you are replacing an existing system or starting from scratch. The length of time you intend to live in your current house. The type of system you install - annual operating and maintenance costs vary between systems. If your house is frequently unoccupied for a fortnight or more, for example a holiday home, then you need to carefully select a reuse system to cope with intermittent use. Most systems that include biological treatment do not function properly if used intermittently

Health and safety All forms of household wastewater have the potential to be infectious to human health and pollute the environment. However, when managed properly and carefully using appropriate processes wastewater can be converted into a valuable resource that can be reused.

Ways to reuse grey water There are three ways of reusing grey water: Manual bucketing – small quantities of grey water are captured in a bucket for re-use outside on gardens or lawns. No council approval required. Diversion – grey water diversion devices redirect grey water for use outside the home on gardens or lawns using sub-surface irrigation. No council approval required under certain conditions. Needs a plumber to install. Treatment – grey water treatment systems for reuse inside the home (e. g. toilet flushing, washing machine) as well as outside on gardens or lawns. Council approval is required. Needs a plumber to install.

Need for Water Reuse

Gray water Production Household Gray water Production (LPD/PERSON) - Bath 19. 0 - Shower 76. 4 - Washer 60. 0 - Faucets 43. 6 - Other 6. 4 TOTAL 204. 4 LPD 1438 Lit/wk - Toilets 74 LPD 518 L/wk - Irrigation 610 L/wk (waters 300 plants or 1000 ft 2 of grass)

Gray water Quality Constituent COD BOD TSS NH 4 -N NO 3 -N Total-N Tot-P Total coli form (CFU/100 m. L) Range (mg/L) 77 – 240 26 – 130 7 – 207 0. 02 – 0. 42 <0. 02 – 0. 26 3. 6 – 6. 4 0. 28 – 0. 779 6. 0 x 103 – 3. 2 x 105

Gray water Quality By E – Ionization Process q q q q No Smell. No Noise No Chemicals No big Space Req Compact Size ( Modular ) Single Button Start. Easily Expandable.

Go Green…. . Go Clean…. . q Does not Generate Green House Gases……. q Dose not Deplete Atmospheric Oxygen……. q Dose not emit carbon…… q Conserves water …. . q Conserves Energy…. . q Conserves Chemicals…… q Chemical Free & Non Biological q system designed for continuous or batch operation. q Hybrid electrode connection.

E – ionization Process q E-ionization is a technique Involving The passage of electricity Through Water Or Effluent to be treated. q The Electric current Destabilizes Dissolved and Colloidal Particles' and alters the charge on suspended matter permitting their Removal.

Removes……… q Organics q Suspended Solids q Turbidity q Algae q Odor q Fats, oil & Grease q Heavy Metals q partial colour

Application of Gray water for Household Irrigation Household Gray water Storage Tank Course Filter Drip Irrigation

Advantages of E-Ionization Processes q Conserves water, conserves energy, conserves chemicals and conserves space q Eliminates Procurement, Transportation Storage, Preparation And Use of Hazardous and Expensive chemicals making it operator friendly q High Contaminant removal q Reduce dependence on External source for water supply in pursuit of self reliance q helps conserve valuable water resource by recycling treated water throughout the year , unlike rain water harvesting which is seasonal

Comparison of water treatment E –Ionization Process Packaged, modular Easily expandable User friendly Less Maintenance Less Downtime High performance to cost ratio Residence &reaction time is low Low start up time Biological activated Sludge process Distributed Difficult to Expand Difficult to operate More maintenance High Downtime Low performance to cost ratio Residence &reaction time is High start up time

Gray water System 180 KLD

Summary on Gray water is a great source of water for reuse applications Not highly contaminated Gray water use for irrigation has many benefits Water conservation Contains important nutrients for plant growth

Separate Gray water: What Happens to Wastewater Characteristics?

Schematic Diagram of plant

‘Go green! Recycle your grey water’ BMC wants to make it mandatory for societies to recycle wastewater, use it for flushing and gardening. . . . SUDHIR SURYAWANSHI In an eco-friendly move, the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) is planning to implement a new rule, making it compulsory for developers to have grey water recycling plants in all new constructions that have more than 60 units (240 residents). The BMC will not issue a work completion certificate to residential projects that are spread on plots of over 2, 000 square meters and do not have the facility.

Live demonstration

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