American Revolutionary War Student Ivolgina Elizaveta 5 th

American Revolutionary War Student: Ivolgina Elizaveta 5 th year, gr. 2 part-time education Supervisor: Popova E. A.

What is Independence? ? ? Independence-self-sufficiency, absence of inferiority, sovereignty.

Reasons of war • The colonial oppression of England has become more and more dominant. • The prohibition for the colonists to move further to the western territories. • The establishment of the stamp duty(1765) – the tax for any goodprevented from the development of the capitalist regime. Two opposite camps during the war Patriots Farmers , plantation owners from the South, National bourgeoisie, Labor people Loyalists. Land aristocracy, that got its lands from the king, public officials

«No taxation without representation» This demand sounded everywhere.

Major events: • 1773 – 1775 – Ahead of the War of Independence. Boston Tea Party of 1773.

The 1 st Continental Congress 1774 – the 1 st Continental Congress of the colonies’ representatives, that prohibited the trade between America and England. Those who broke this prohibition, were hung to their belts on the pillars. ( «Liberty pillars» ).

George Washington 1774 - 1775 – armed partisan units appeared. 19 th of April 1775 - armed fight starts, George Washington – commander-in-chief of the Colonist Army. Biography: American statesman, the 1 st President of the United States, Founding Father of the USA, commander-in-chief of the Continental Army, participant of the War of Independence, the founder of the American Presidential Institute.

10 th of May 1775 – II Continental congress. It had taken on a role as National Government during the war of Independence of the USA.

4 th of June 1776 – the Congress had passed the Declaration of Independence. (the author was Thomas Jefferson). Jefferson was the head of the Committee of the Declaration of Independence’ establishment. There were another 4 members in the Committee apart from him: John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman and Robert R. Livingstone. These four men unanimously asked Jefferson to write the Declaration by himself during one of the Committee’s meeting.

Countries that fought with Americans against England: • • France Spain Holland Russia

In March 1780 Catherine the Great had signed the declaration of «armed neutrality» . England had to defend off not only the onrush of the American Army, but also its co-belligerents’ attacks.

In 1781 American and French Armies defeated The England Army under Yorktown.

On the 20 th of June 1783 – there was the Kuddalore battle- the last battle of the War of Independence.

1783 – ratification of the Treaty of Peace. England admitted the establishment of the USA.

The War of Independence, being at that time the example of the revolutionary war, had influenced over the European bourgeoisie’s fight against the feudalabsolutist policy. About 7000 volunteers participated in the war, among them were French people Marquees Lafayette, A. Sent-Simon, and others. The war for Independence was supported by many front men in many European societies, including Russia.

In 1787 The constitution was approved in the USA, it was the most progressive one around the world. • The Constitution was added by «The Bill of Rights» . The bourgeoisdemocratic republic was established in the USA. • The War of Independence had destroyed all drawbacks, that turned back the development of the industry.

Governmental bodies in the USA according to the Constitution. The President of the USA The head of the state was elected for 4 years. Legislature The Congress The Upper House The Senate Term of 6 years The Lower House The House of Representatives Term of 2 years Slavery was legitimated in the USA.