American History Chapter 19 The Cold War III

American History Chapter 19: The Cold War III. The Korean War

Objectives • How di the Communist expansion in Asia set the stage for the Korean War? • Who fought in the Korean War, and what were three stages of the war? • What were the effects of the Korean War?

Bell Ringer • Domino effect of communist. What is it? • What do we know about Korea today?

A) Communist Expansion in Asia • The Chinese Civil War – Nationalist led buy Jiang Jieshi captured Beijing – the Communists led by Mao Zedong captured Shanghai – civil war • Jiang was harsh, high taxes, corruption • Mao – offered peasants schooling and health care (Long March 653) • After WWII – Communist pushed the Nationalists to Taiwan

• Dividing Korea – After WWII – Korea divided on the 38 th parallel 14) 38 th Parallel: division line between North and South Korea • Communist government established in North and pro-American government in South.

B) The Korean Conflict 15) Korean War – between North and South Korea with US involvement • Truman thought WWIII would start • Truman asked the UN to declare North Korea the aggressor – USSR not there – passed unanimously – UN Police Action • US not declare war - resolution • UN and 16 nations asked US to lead the fight – US 80% of troops – UN force

C) Waging the War • North Koreans pushed the South to the tip of the peninsula at Pusan. 1)Communist invasion and • Mac. Arthur landed troops at Inchon of attacked from behind. South Korea • Pushed troops all the way to Chinese border – ignored 2)UN forces drive NK back Chinese threat and kept going – China attacked and pushed Mac. Arthur back to 38 th parallel 3)Stalemate as China enters • Mac. Arthur wanted Taiwan to attack China – sent a letter war. to the House minority leader attacking Truman – letter made public – Mac. Arthur fired • Peace treaty finally in 1953 by Eisenhower

D) The Effects of the Korean War • • 54, 000 US soldiers killed. Korean war first war with de-segregated army • Huge military budget – 50% 16) military-industrial complex – military industry, scientific development, and research community that employed 3. 5 million Americans

Review • How did Communist expansion I Asia set the stage for the Korean War? • Who fought in the Korean War, and what were the 3 stages of the war? • What were the effects of the Korean War?