American English The features of using and emergence

American English. The features of using and emergence In USA and G. B.

The history of American English: • n XVII-XVIII centuries, English crossed the ocean in ships with British farmers and representatives of the petty and middle bourgeoisie. If we could now return to America at that time, we would find a lot of immigrants who speak Spanish, French, German, Dutch, Norwegian, Swedish and even Russian. All these people were in a difficult situation - they had to reclaim land, build homes, organize the production and get used to the new natural and socio-economic conditions. They just need a common language - to equip new land alone is impossible, it was necessary to unite, communicate, and joint efforts to overcome obstacles that are put before them life. Link between the settlers became English in those days was not homogeneous, even within England in the speech of aristocrats, peasants and the bourgeoisie may have noticed strong differences. Even the written English varies from writer to writer, to say nothing about the representatives of social groups. In America, got no refined version of the English aristocracy, and the language of the peasantry and the bourgeoisie. Before the settlers were other problems than to the people of England, surrounded by their different flora and fauna evolved in a different story, other things become a priority in people valued other qualities. Language simply could not absorb the realities of life of Americans - and he quickly changed. Today, English - the most common, but not only, as used in the United States.

Differences between English and American English: • Between American and British English is much more similarities than differences - in fact it is one and the same language. And yet, if you are going to America, you will be helpful to know some of the features. At the dawn of American settlers to communicate needed a very simple language. Already a simplified "peasant" English has become more simple. This is the main difference between American English from British English simplicity.

Lexicon: • The differences in the lexicon - mostly the result of the realities of American life varies greatly with the British. The second most important factor - the influence of other languages into English in the United States. The most strongly influenced by Spanish, especially in the south-west. There are words that are widely used in the United States, but which can not be heard in the UK and vice versa. Talking to Americans today, you can hear the English words that have long gone out of use in England.

Grammar: • Propensity of Americans are affected greatly simplify the grammar. For example, in spoken language you are likely to hear only the time of Simple (before schools were called «Indefinite» ). Chances are good that your partner is to use American-Perfect, minimal. This is one of the main reasons why Americans think the English negligent in relation to language. This is not quite true: Americans are even more inclined to abide by many rules of grammar, which is often neglected by the British. Some grammatical differences from British American English: • often formed verbal nouns (to research - research, a research - research); • Never use the form shall, more often it will replace or gonna (abbr. going to); • are not used the word slowly and really - they are replaced by slow and real; • of irregular verbs only unnecessary problems - sure Americans. Therefore, many verbs that are irregular in British English, American began to correct (for example, to spoil). • There are other differences, most of which are also aimed at simplifying the language. But you know, most of these differences exist only in colloquial speech.

Phonetics: • Between American and British English, there are differences in pronunciation and some words and whole sentences. 1. Stress in words. Some of the words British and Americans pronounced with the accent on different syllables, such as address (br. ) and address (am. ), cafe (br) and cafe (am. ). 2. Sounds in words. There are words in which American and British pronunciation differs in one or two sounds: ask to read [a: sk] in Britain and [əsk] - in America, dance is pronounced [da: ns] in England, and as [dəns] in the U. S. . Sound [t] is pronounced weakly articulated [d], and located in the middle of a word combination of letters from Americans is very similar to [d]. They do not "swallow" the sound [r], as the English, so it seems to be more rough, roaring. Linguists have developed lists of letter combinations and the situations in which pronunciation of the English and Americans will vary. 3. Intonation in sentences. The British use a variety of intonation patterns, and the disposal of only two Americans - flat and descending. Recently, the phonetics of the English language in America, more and more influenced by the Spanish.

Learning English. . . WHAT? • If you are just starting to learn the language - start with the basics, do not go into details. You need to get at least a minimal vocabulary, learn to build proposals and express their thoughts - you can use any English language course for beginners. And then, having a basic knowledge that will be easy to deal with the peculiarities of American pronunciation and learn the American word. If you do, owning a good British English will get to America - you'll understand. Language barrier between you and the Americans will not, though, of course, you will not deem their "own. "