African American Religious Subtleties Other Religious Expressions
African American Religious Bodies n the Church of the Living God, Christian Workers for Fellowship, 1889 n the Church of Christ (Holiness) USA, 1894 n the Church of God in Christ, 1895 n the Church of God and the Saints of Christ, 1896 n the Pentecostal Assemblies of the World, 1908 n the Churches of God, Holiness, 1914 n the Apostolic Overcoming Holy Church of God, 1916 n the Church of the Living God, “The Pillar and Ground of Truth, ” 1925.
M M Fischer n He points out a few characteristics about African American religiosity particularly as it relates to non Christian churches n n n There are many of them in many parts of the US They are contra-distinct from mainline Christianity n Which are growing in number They invoke an interracial fellowship Preach an equality for women Act as prophets to the larger society denouncing such things as tobacco use
Marcus Garvey 1887 -1940 n Born in the Jamaica, West Indies he became a strong proponent of Black Nationalism and of a Black Nation. n He instilled pride in Blacks and encouraged them to fight racism. n He successfully started a black shipping line. n He accentuated Black achievement which rival achievement of others ethnic groups. http: //www. isop. ucla. edu/mgpp/photo 01. htm
Black Jews, Hebrews and Israelites n There are many Black Jews n There are several factors that account for the emergence of Black Jewry n A strong religious background where someone became Jewish n Possible ancestral traditions (ten lost tribes) n Close affinity to Hebrews of the Old Testament n Other sects: n n n n The Church of God Nation of Yahweh Kingdom of God Rastafarians Nubian Islamic Hebrews Israel School of Universal Practical Knowledge (aka Twelve Tribes)
Example of Black Jewish life n Chief Rabbi Wentworth Arthur n n http: //blackjews. org/images/Matthew. TORH. jpg Matthew (1892 -1973) for example. He founded the Commandment Keepers Congregation in Harlem in 1919 He preached that: n Black people were important contributors to biblical history. n Egyptians and Ethiopians achievements great things. n Ancient Hebrews were black. His services followed Orthodox style He organized a school which emphasized a Jewish curriculum
Father Divine n Born George Baker in Rockville, MD in 1879 n Founded the Peace Mission Movement n Thought to be a mean, black autocrat who deluded his followers into thinking that he was divine. n However, some believe that he “created a philosophy of positive thinking. . “ n After a judge’s death in a suburb of NY the PMM moved to Harlem n The movement consisted of blacks and whites and embraced everyone. Divine spurned racial segregation. http: //www. freepress. org/fleming/graphics/68 reflec. jpg
Father Divine’s Philosophy n He promoted positive thinking n One’s positive thoughts toward God enabled one to discern God. n He says (page 480) “But if you are sincere. . . in the beginning. ” n God is able to reach the heart and mind no matter where a person is. n He says that he will set some free from that persons’ bad condition if that person will make mental and spiritual contact. http: //www. rockvillemd. gov/bin/e/x/Father. Divine. gif
Father Divine’s Philosophy n One contacts Father Divine n n by relaxing one’s mind. One must believe in the omnipotence of God in order to “gain victory” over one’s thoughts. FD says that he possessed God’s body. God will take care of you. As one visualizes God one can visualize other possibilities. http: //fdipmm. libertynet. org/quotes/duesenfd. jpg
Sweet Daddy Grace n Born Mercelino Graca in Brava Verde in 1882. n Died in 1960 n Founded n House of Prayer in Egypt in 1923 n United House of Prayer for All People in Charlotte, NC in 1926 n And Incorporated United House of Prayer for All People Church on the rock of the Apostolic Faith at Washington, DC http: //www. umassd. edu/Special. Programs/caboverde/daddygrace. gif
United House of Prayer n The United House of Prayer for all People n Was founded in by Daddy Grace in Wareham, MA in 1919 n Daddy Grace was the sole leader n was a charismatic sect n Welcomed everyone although many were poor n Preached hope to many n There were many churches called “house of prayer” along the east coast http: //www. culturaltourismdc. org/doc_img/215142. jpg
Sweet Daddy n Daddy Grace was seen as a n n n healer, miracle worker and even God Incarnate to some. He was a flamboyant, charismatic leader who became quite wealthy. In order to join one must have a “conversion experience” There is a creed His churches helped many people physically and spiritually. His legacy provided jobs, day care centers, inexpensive housing, food banks and senior citizen centers. http: //capeverde-islands. com/grace. html
Sources n Slide 5 - http: //members. aol. com/Blackjews/ n Slide 6 - http: //www. culturaltourismdc. org/info- url 3948/infourl_show. htm? doc_id=215142&attrib_id=7973
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