Adverbial clauses of time An adverb clause

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Adverbial clauses of time

An adverb clause of time shows when something happens. It is usually introduced by time adverbs. Before after as when while until as soon as hardly scarcely no sooner…

AS, WHEN, WHILE when) to say that when 1) We prefer as(rather than one thing changes, another thing changes at the same time /As the chees matures, its flavour improves. / 2) We prefer while or as (rather then when) to talk about two longer actions that go on at the same time(while use in informal speech) /I went shopping while(as) Liam cleaned the house. / 3) We use while or when (rather than as) to avoid ambiguiy when ‘as’ could mean ‘because ’ /While you wre playing golf, I went to the cinema. /

We use WHEN… 1) … to introduce a clause which talks about an event that take place at the same time as some longer event /They were playing in the garden, when they herd a scream. / 2) … to mean “every time” / I still feel tired when I wake up in the morning. / 3) … if one event happens immediately after another /When the lights went out, I lit some candles. /

BEFORE, AFTER and UNTIL talk about an event 1) We use before or after to happening earlier than another event /I put on my coat before I went out. / 2) We use until and before when a situation continues to happen up to a time indicated in the adverbial clause /I had to wait six weeks until/before the parcel arrived. / 3) We use until to talk about an action that continues to a particular time and than stops / They sat on the beach until the sun sank below the horizon. / 4) We use until to describe the result of an action in the main clause /He cleaned his shoes until they shone. /

HARDLY, NO SOONER, SCARCELY When we say that one event happened immediately after another we can use sentences with hardly, no sooner, scarcely. After hardly and scarcely the second clause begins with when or before; after no sooner it begins with than or when /The concert had hardly begun before all the lights went out. / /I had no sooner lit the barbecue than/when it started to rain. /

Note that … …all adverb clauses are subordinate clauses. They cannot stand on their own and must be attached to an independent clause. … An adverb clause of time can come before or after the main clause. When it comes before the main clause, we usually separate it with a comma. Commas are not necessary when the adverb clause goes after the main clause. … If you are talking about something that is yet to happen in the future, use a present tense in the adverb clause and a future tense in the main clause.

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