Adjective The Adjective definition and features The

Adjective

The Adjective: definition and features The adjective is a word, which expresses the quality of something. Syntactic functions: Attribute – She is a tall girl Part of a predicate – She is tall

• Morphological features: – Simple: big, small, red – Derivative: beautiful, incomplete – Compound: kind-hearted, well-known

Degrees of comparison • Positive: big Positive • Comparative: bigger Comparative • Superlative: the biggest Superlative

Regular Formation № 1 1) one-syllable adjective (long, red, cool) 2) two-syllable adjective ending in –y, -o, -w, -e, le (polite, busy, narrow) Positive long polite Comparati Superlativ ve e longer the longest politer the politest

Regular Formation № 2 many-syllable adjective (important, well-known) well-known Positive Important Interesting Comparative Superlative more important the most important more the most interesting

Irregular Formation Positive Comparative Superlative good better the best bad worse the worst many much more the most little less the least older elder the oldest the eldest farther further the farthest the furthest nearer the nearest the next later latter the latest the last

Usage of adjectives in the positive degree She is smart. John is as tall as his brother The book is not so interesting as the film.

Usage of adjectives in the comparative degree • She is smarter than her brother. • The sooner we do it, the better it will be • Much, a lot, a bit, a little The Chinese grammar is much more difficult than the English one. He is a bit taller than his brother.

Spelling Rules 1) short stressed vowel + consonant = the last letter is doubled Big – bigger – the biggest 2) consonant + y = ier Dry – drier – the driest Exception: shy, sly Exception

Adverb

Adverb: definition and features The adverb is a part of speech, which characterizes the action (verb) e. g. He will be late. He speak English fluently.

Types of adverbs: • • Of time: yesterday, tomorrow Of place: forward, backward Of frequency: rarely, usually Of manner: quickly, soon

Note! • In some cases the adverb can be formed from the adjective by adding the suffix –y or – ly Beautiful – beautifully Rare – rarely

Note! Good – well Bad - badly

Degrees of comparison of adverbs