ADJECTIVE AND ITS CATEGORIES Problems to be

Зарегистрируйтесь, чтобы просмотреть полный документ!

ADJECTIVE AND ITS CATEGORIES

Problems to be discussed: • the characteristic features of the adjectives as a part of speech • the types of adjectives • the grammatical category of degrees of comparison • the means of formation of the degrees of comparison of adjectives • substantivization of adjective

ADJECTIVE: • expresses the property of an entity: • Most adjectives are stative, they describe fairly permanent inherent qualities a) The young man // The man is young; b) John is being clever. c) concerned students // the students concerned d) the last ticket available e) something cheap f) I feel good.

FORMATION OF ADJECTIVES (morphological features) • • Participial form: interesting Derivational suffix: historical Compounding: well-known Simple: cheap

SEMANTIC CHARACTERISTICS • Qualitative (denotes various qualities of substance; can be estimated quantitatively, or measured) beautiful, cold, difficult • Relative (express the property of an entity related to some other entity) wooden, European, daily, friendly But a wooden face!

• restrictive (limiting, particularizing) adjectives: (only, exact, chief, principal, certain) restrict the noun to a particular member of the class • intensifying: 1) emphasizers (clear, definite, outright, real, pure) have a heightening effect on the noun 2) Amplifiers (complete, great, absolute, perfect, extreme, entire) scale upwards from an assumed norm 3) STATIVES

The Problem of the Category of State • 1)The words of this type may be characterized by the prefix – a; ablaze, alive, asleep • 2) The words of this type denote a temporary state: • 3) The words of this type are used predicatively only CAN THIS CATEGORY BE DISTINGUISHED ON THE BASIS OF THE ABOVE-MENTIONED FEATURES?

ADJECTIVES gradable Non-gradable restrictive relative intensifying

THE CATEGORY OF COMPARISON • Synthetic : monosyllabic: -y; -ow; -er; -le • Analytic : • Suppletive; • Analytic way of comparison is preferable when the speaker wishes to focus attention on the degree. • Are more and most adverbs of quantity (degree) or grammatical word-morpheme?

SUBSTANTIVIZATION • The fabulous is always interesting. • I’ll do my best. • Theatre of the Absurd was developed by Beckett. • My Spanish is very poor. • He speaks excellent English. • The poor were robbed of their lands.

SYNTACTIC FUNCTIONS Attributive: industrial revolution Subject predicative: That’s great. Object predicative : I find him clever. Postposed modifier: I’m looking for something cheap. • Part of a linking expression (parenthetically): Equally important, … • Exclamation: Just right! Fantastic! • •

1. Classify each adjective as attributive or predicative. 2. Identify a type of comparison. 3. Name the syntactic function. I a) They were cute invitations. b) wet, merry, real, far c) We consider him reliable. II a) That looks pretty good. b)kind-hearted, shy, little, friendly c) She is not as simple as you think. III a) The drive is to a considerable degree subconscious. b)certain, comical, severe, well-off c) Don’t watch anything scary before you go to bed.

Скачать презентацию ADJECTIVE AND ITS CATEGORIES Problems to be

ADJECTIVE.ppt

Количество слайдов: 12