Ada in Nuclear Fusion Research at the National

Ada in Nuclear Fusion Research at the National Ignition Facility or How Does a Really Big Laser Hit a Very Small Target? Victor Giddings Objective Interface Systems, Inc.

Disclaimer • This presentation is extracted from publicly available material provided by the National Ignition Facility • It is not a product of and has not been reviewed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory or the NIF project

National Ignition Facility • Will contain a very big laser – – 192 beams each with a path 510 meters 1. 8 megajoules 500 terawatt 351 nm wavelength • Focused on a very small target – 600 µm diameter volume – 108 K – 1011 atmospheres

National Ignition Facility • Missions – Stockpile Stewardship Program (Do. E) – Inertial Confinement Fusion – High-energy-density research • Do. E facility – At Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory – In conjunction with Sandia National Laboratory

Inertial Confinement Fusion

National Ignition Facility

NIF in a Nut Shell • Start with nano Joule coherent pulse • Split it 192 ways • Multiply each by 1013 while maintaining – Spatial – Spectral and – Temporal characteristics • Recombine – 600 µm diameter volume – With 50 µm accuracy

Some Technical Challenges • Largest laser ever built – Beam line components of sizes never built – Component count, diagnostic requirement • Housed in very large clean room – Entire facility - class 10, 000 clean room – Optics and 8, 000 square foot optical assembly building –class 100

Beam Line

Beam Line Schematic

Beam Line Components Laser Glass

Beam Line Components potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) electro-optical crystals

Status • Conventional construction nearly completed • Over 1500 tons of beam path infrastructure installed • Expect first laser test by end of year – to switch yard entry • 2004: “First light” – four beams to target chamber center – first experiments start • 2008: Full complement of 192 beams

Construction • • Target Chamber Assembly Laser Bay – part II Laser Bay – utility spine Note: Internet access required for hyperlinks above

Integrated Computer Control System (ICCS) • 300 Front-End Processors of 18 types • + Supervisor Systems • 60, 000 controls – 45, 000 device control points – e. g. , stepping motors, transient digitizers, calorimeters, photodiodes. – 14, 000 industrial controls – e. g. , vacuum, argon, synthetic air, and safety interlocks • Around the clock operation

ICCS Hardware Technologies • Front end processors – Power. PC or Ultra. SPARC processors – MVE or PCI bus cages • Supervisory servers – SPARC Solaris • Consoles – SPARC Solaris • Network – Ethernet – ATM for 10 Hz video multicast from 1 of 500 cameras

ICCS Services • Machine Configuration – Allocated to front-end devices – No real-time critical traffic on network • • Archiving Graphical User Interface Monitoring Event Logging Scripting Alert Management Access Control

ICCS Common Framework

ICCS Subsystems

ICCS Framework • Framework templates define the architecture for each type of process in ICCS: – Supervisory Shot Control Processes – Supervisory Status and Control Processes – Front End Processors – Graphical User Interfaces • Frameworks also provide utility services: – Configuration – Messaging (Events, Alerts, Logging) – Status Monitoring – Reservation – Archiving – Sequence Control

ICCS Software Technologies • Ada (Apex) for – Front End Processes – Supervisory Processes • Java for User Interface • CORBA for Distributed Objects – ORBexpress for Ada – Visibroker for Java • UML for design – Rational Rose

CORBA Usage • 300 CORBA IDL classes – 150 device – 50 framework – 100 supervisor • 100, 000 instances – 60, 000 reflecting control points – 40, 000 for supervisory or user interface reflections, summaries, policies, or controls

ICCS Status • Anticipate about 1 M sloc – 350 K slot developed • Incremental and iterative build cycles – 7 cycles completed to date • Delivery to Front End Integration System Test lab – 5 of the 10 supervisory subsystems – 7 of 16 FEPs.

Credits • Moses, E. I. , “The National Ignition Facility: Status And Plans For Laser Fusion And High-Energy-Eensity Experimental Studies”, ICALEPCS 2001 • Lagin, L. J. , et al, “Overview of the National Ignition Facility Distributed Computer Control System”, ICALEPCS 2001 • Carey, R. W. , et al, “Large-scale Corba-distributed Software Framework For Nif Controls”, ICALEPCS 2001 • Woodruff, J. P. , et al, “QUALITY CONTROL, TESTING AND DEPLOYMENT RESULTS IN NIF ICCS”, ICALEPCS 2001 • Most pictures and all movies from NIF web site: http: //www. llnl. gov/nif. html

Further Information • National Ignition Facility http: //www. llnl. gov/nif. html • International Conference on Accelerator and Large Experimental Physics Control Systems (ICALEPCS) 2001 conference proceedings http: //www. slac. stanford. edu/econf/C 011127/program. html