Accelerator Physics in Finland RECFA 26 9 2003

Accelerator Physics in Finland RECFA 26. 9. 2003 A. Virtanen

Outline Few Remarks (1 transparency) Accelerators in Finland (4) • Helsinki • Turku • Jyväskylä Accelerator Physics in Jyväskylä (3) Future Plans (1)

Few Remarks Research Accelerators are • versatile; utilise wide range of energies, ions, intensities… Production Accelerators are • more “one task” accelerators The modification of research accelerator (incl. ion sources) to production machine needs Accelerator Physics (examples) Note! Accelerator Physics Accelerator Based Physics

Accelerators in Finland Helsinki: Kumpula Accelerator Laboratory 5 MV tandem for protons and heavy ions • Ep= 2 -10 Me. V, EH-I according to stripping, e. g. Au-ions for ERDA • Several ion sources, e. g. duoplasmatron for AMS… 500 k. V accelerator • high-current implantation and material characterisation 10 k. V ion gun • material modification 30 k. V accelerator under construction • Implantation, thin-film production, material research…

Accelerators in Finland Helsinki: Laboratory of Radiochemistry IBA 10/5 Production cyclotron • Energies fixed to 10 Me. V for protons and 5 Me. V for deuterons • Meant for the production of positron emitters Some other applications • Radioisotope production (18 -F) • Irradiation of polymers • Etc…

Accelerators in Finland Turku: Åbo Akademi MGC-20 cyclotron • protons and alphas up to 20 Me. V • radionuclide production for PET studies in Turku PET-center • + some materials study A new CC-18/9 H /D -cyclotron this autumn from Russia • Ep+ = 18 Me. V, ED+ = 9 Me. V • will be installed in the PET center

Accelerators in Finland Jyväskylä: JYFL / University of Jyväskylä K-130 cyclotron • Protons < 65 Me. V, heavy-ions up to Xe < 1 Ge. V • All gaseous and 19 metallic elements • Two ECR (6. 4 and 14. 5 GHz) ion sources for heavyions • One multicusp ion-source for H– -ions • Research machine! Modifications needed for applications

Accelerator Physics in Jyväskylä History in a nutshell • 1988 -89: design of magnets and manufacturing of the main components were done in Jyväskylä • 1990 -91: installation of the cyclotron and the 6. 4 GHz ECR • 1992: First extracted beam • 1992 -93: development of MIVOC technique • 1996: First time over 6000 h/y • 1999 -2000: new 14. 5 GHz ECR and H –sources built and installed • 2001: 6. 4 GHz ECR upgraded • 2003: TWTA will be installed • Oven- and sputtering techniques

Accelerator Physics in Jyväskylä Application #1: Radioisotope production More intensity with lower activation was needed => Change from H+ to H acceleration was necessary • • Built a new H ion source Built a new stripper extraction Installed a new 20º dipole Built an automated inflector changing system

Accelerator Physics in Jyväskylä Application #2: Irradiation tests of semiconductors Modifications will be needed • Install second frequency to the 14. 5 GHz ECR (TWTA) • Build a new beam flux tuning system • Build a new beam current integrator system • Develop new. Cocktail cocktails. Range the ECR’s for Ion beam Energy LET M/Q=3. 8 Me. V μm Si Me. V(mg/cm²) 15 N 4+ 140 211 2. 0 22 Ne 6+ 205 156 3. 4 30 Si 8+ 280 127 7. 0 40 Ar 12+ 372 117 11. 7 56 Fe 15+ 523 95 18. 0 82 Kr 22+ 766 93 29. 0 JYFL – Ion Cocktail produced for ESA Nov. 2002.

Accelerator Physics in Jyväskylä Future plans Beam developments with both ECR’s continue actively • Oven-, sputtering techniques… • More. TWTA pushes the energy over 1 Ge. V !!! beam intense beams, versatile and energetic cocktails… Later more powerful ECR is needed…or new accelerator? But, Extremely Important is to continue the cooperation with the European accelerator physics community e. g. in radioactive beams (EURISOL), in accelerators and ion sources, in educating young scientists etc…