Abraham Believed Yahweh He reckoned it to him as righteousness l Yahweh reckoned it to Abraham as righteousness. [his faithful response to the promise] l Abraham reckoned it to Yahweh as righteousness. [Yahweh’s faithful promise of descendants] l
The Faithfulness of Abraham n Abram and Sarai leave Mesopotamia (12: 4); let Lot choose land (12: 9) n Refuse plunder from war (chap 14) n Believe in Yahweh (15: 6) n Kindness to strangers (chap 18) n Pray for Sodom (18: 23 -32) n Send servant to get wife for Isaac (24: 7) n Gifts to Keturah’s sons and Abraham sends them away (25: 5 -6)
Faithlessness of Abraham and Sarah Abram leaves land when famine strikes; deceives Pharaoh to save himself (chap 12) l Plans to make slave his heir (chap 15) l Abraham and Sarah seek child by their own devices (Hagar; chap 16) l Sarah laughs about her pregnancy; she lies. l
The “Covenant of Pieces” l l A smoking fire pot and a flaming torch = signs of Yahweh’s presence Passing between cut up animals = a ritually enacted curse. Cf. Jer 34; Sefire treaties 8 c) May I, Yahweh, be cut in pieces if I ever violate this covenant to give Israel’s ancestors the land What an idea! A promise endorsed by a selfimposed divine curse
The Function of Gen 15: 13 -16 It explains why immediate promise to Abraham is only fulfilled 400 years later: the iniquity of the Amorites is not yet complete. Cf. Lev 18: 24 -25 l Early adumbration of the Exodus from Egypt l Two traditions combined: 400 (430) years; 4 th generation l
Interpretations of the Ancestral Covenant J: Covenant reaches its fulfilment in the empire of David--from the river of Egypt to the Euphrates--and in covenant with David (2 Samuel 7 and 23) l D: Covenant reaches its fulfilment in the covenant Yahweh made with Israel at Horeb/Sinai l P: Everlasting covenant is an end in itself l
Covenantal Developments l Covenant with David is basis for Israel’s messianic hope n But in Isa 55: 3: Benefits of the covenant with David are extended to all the people l Sinai covenant could lead to blessings or curses n Jeremiah: new Sinaitic covenant; Ezekiel: new, everlasting covenant l No covenant for P at Sinai
Traits of the Priestly view of the Ancestors (Genesis 17) Be blameless l I will make you exceedingly fruitful; also made to Sarah l New name Abraham/Sarah to mark new status l New name for deity = El Shaddai (El the one of the cosmic mountain) l Everlasting covenant…also with descendants l
Priestly view (continued) land of sojournings as an everlasting possession (Genesis 23; 28: 1 -4; 35: 912; 48: 3 -7) l “God promise” = the land (cf. Exod 6: 6 -7 the Exodus; 29: 43 -44 God will meet with them) l Circumcision as sign of the covenant l Abraham carries through rite on the same day l
Circumcision Practiced by Egyptians, not practiced by Philistines, Babylonians l Originally a puberty rite l Cf. Exod 4: 24 -26 l Becomes an infancy rite in Israel l
P’s Chronology of Abraham n leaves Haran at 75; receives Hagar at 85 -waited patiently 10 years for a child n Isaac born when Abraham was 100 (Sarah 90) n Abraham dies at 175 --lived 100 years in the land n Difficulties: Sarah a ravishing beauty at 65 (chap 12) and at 90 (chap 20) n Ishmael 17 when Hagar carries him away and throws him under a bush
Ur of the Chaldeans Elsewhere ancestral traditions point to N. W. Mesopotamia l Chaldeans do not antedate end of 2 nd millennium l Known to P 11: 31 and J 11: 28 l
The (near) sacrifice of Isaac Aspects of Hebrew narrative contrasted with the Odyssey l What would have happened if… l n Abraham had actually sacrificed Isaac n Abraham had told Isaac what he was going to do n Isaac had seen his father tremble as he raised the knife n Abraham had found the substitute ram on the way up the mountain
The (near) sacrifice of Isaac (continued) typological connection with crucifixion l popular motif in Christian art l in Judaism--a meritorious act that reassures people that they are safe as Isaac’s descendants; God remembers Isaac and heeds prayer of Jewish people l in Islam--Ishmael was the one almost sacrificed (“one and only son”) l
The (near) sacrifice of Isaac (continued) Rejection of human sacrifice l Mt. Moriah = site of Solomon’s temple l vv. 15 -18 blessings are a reward for a particular act of Abraham l
The Last Days of Abraham The Cave at Machpelah--the only real estate owned by the ancestors l Abraham and Keturah have six sons--he gave them gifts and had them move out of the land. l Abraham, Sarah, Isaac, Rebekah, Jacob, and Leah all buried there. l
The Problem of Eliezer The heir of my house is Eliezer of Damascus. Speiser: Two types of heirs in Hurrian (Nuzi) law: aplu or direct heir; ewuru or indirect heir, when normal inheritors lacking l Nuzi texts do NOT deal with adoption of servants, such as Eliezer, and the adoptees at Nuzi could inherit alongside natural son (whereas Eliezer could not) l
Скачать презентацию Abraham Believed Yahweh He reckoned it to him
b40b1fa0f5fb50a44b284386f1a6285b.ppt