A-Z of my country Подготовила ученица 9 с

A-Z of my country Подготовила ученица 9 с класса МБОУ «Лицей № 136» Киселева Елизавета

A - Alexandrian Column The Alexander Column also known as Alexandrian Column, is the focal point of Palace Square in Saint Petersburg, Russia. The monument was raised after the Russian victory in the war with Napoleon's France. The column is named for Emperor Alexander I of Russia, who reigned from 1801– 25.

B - Baikal Lake Baikal is a rift lake in Russia, located in southern Siberia. It is the largest freshwater lake by volume in the world, containing roughly 20% of the world's unfrozen surface fresh water

C - Chekhov Anton Pavlovich Chekhov (29 January 1860 – 15 July 1904) was a Russian playwright and short story writer who is considered to be among the greatest writers of short fiction in history. Chekhov practiced as a medical doctor throughout most of his literary career.

D - Dostoyevsky Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoyevsky (11 November 1821 – 9 February 1881), sometimes transliterated Dostoevsky, was a Russian novelist, short story writer, journalist and philosopher.

E - Elizabeth Petrovna, also known as Yelisaveta and Elizaveta, was the Empress of Russia from 1741 until her death. She led the country into the two major European conflicts of her time: the War of Austrian Succession (1740– 48) and the Seven Years' War (1756– 63).

F - Fet Afanasyevich Fet, later known as Shenshin (5 December [O. S. 23 November] 1820 — 3 December [O. S. 21 November] 1892), was a renowned Russian poet regarded as the finest master of lyric verse in Russian literature.

G - Gagarin Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (9 March 1934 – 27 March 1968) was a Russian Soviet pilot and cosmonaut. He was the first human to journey into outer space, when his Vostok spacecraft completed an orbit of the Earth on 12 April 1961.

H - Hermitage The State Hermitage is a museum of art and culture in Saint Petersburg, Russia. One of the largest and oldest museums in the world, it was founded in 1764 by Catherine the Great and has been open to the public since 1852.

I - Ivan the Terrible Ivan IV Vasilyevich (3 September [O. S. 25 August] 1530 – 28 March [O. S. 18 March] 1584), commonly known as Ivan the Terrible or Ivan the Fearsome, was the Grand Prince of Moscow from 1533 to 1547 and 'Tsar of All the Russias' from 1547 until his death in 1584.

K - Kremlin The Moscow Kremlin, usually referred to as the Kremlin, is a fortified complex at the heart of Moscow. It is the best known of the kremlins and includes five palaces, four cathedrals, and the enclosing Kremlin Wall with Kremlin towers. The complex serves as the official residence of the President of the Russian Federation.

L - Lomonosov Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov (November 19 [O. S. November 8] 1711 – April 15 [O. S. April 4] 1765) was a Russian polymath, scientist and writer, who made important contributions to literature, education, and science.

M – Mendeleev Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev (8 February 1834 – 2 February 1907 O. S. 27 January 1834 – 20 January 1907) was a Russian chemist and inventor. He formulated the Periodic Law, created a farsighted version of the periodic table of elements, and used it to correct the properties of some already discovered elements and also to predict the properties of eight elements yet to be discovered.

N - Novosibirsk is the third most populous city in Russia after Moscow and St. Petersburg and the most populous city in Asian Russia. It is the administrative center of Novosibirsk Oblast as well as of the Siberian Federal District.

O - Onegin Eugene Onegin is a novel in verse written by Alexander Pushkin. Onegin is considered a classic of Russian literature, and its eponymous protagonist has served as the model for a number of Russian literary heroes. It was published in serial form between 1825 and 1832.

P - Pushkin Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin (6 June [O. S. 26 May] 1799 – 10 February [O. S. 29 January] 1837) was a Russian poet, playwright, and novelist of the Romantic era who is considered by many to be the greatest Russian poet and the founder of modern Russian literature.

R – Red square Red Square is a city square in Moscow, Russia. It separates the Kremlin, the former royal citadel and currently the official residence of the President of Russia, from a historic merchant quarter known as Kitai -gorod. Red Square is often considered the central square of Moscow since Moscow's major streets, which connect to Russia's major highways, originate from the square.

S - Siberia is an extensive geographical region, and by the broadest definition is also known as North Asia. Siberia has been historically part of Russia since the 17 th century.

T - Tolstoy Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy (9 September [O. S. 28 August] 1828 – 20 November [O. S. 7 November] 1910), usually referred to in English as Leo Tolstoy, was a Russian writer who is regarded as one of the greatest authors of all time.

U - USSR The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics abbreviated to USSR, was a socialist state on the Eurasian continent that existed between 1922 and 1991. The Soviet Union was a one-party state, governed by the Communist Party with Moscow as its capital.

V - vodka Vodka is a distilled beverage composed primarily of water and ethanol, sometimes with traces of impurities and flavorings.

W – Winter Palace The Winter Palace in Saint Petersburg, Russia, was, from 1732 to 1917, the official residence of the Russian monarchs. The present and fourth Winter Palace was built and altered almost continuously between the late 1730 s and 1837, when it was severely damaged by fire and immediately rebuilt. The storming of the palace in 1917 as depicted in Soviet paintings and Eisenstein's 1927 film October became an iconic symbol of the Russian Revolution.

Y - Yermak Timofeyevich Vasiliy "Yermak" Timofeyevich Alenin born between 1532 and 1542 – August 5 or 6, 1585; was a Cossack who started the Russian conquest of Siberia, in the reign of Tsar Ivan the Terrible.

Z - Zhukov Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov (1 December [O. S. 19 November] 1896 – 18 June 1974), was a career officer in the Red Army of the Soviet Union, who became Chief of General Staff, Deputy Commander-in-Chief, Minister of Defence and a member of the Politburo. During World War II he participated in multiple battles, ultimately commanding the 1 st Belorussian Front in the Battle of Berlin.