A Case Study On The Use Of Kadazandusun

A Case Study On The Use Of Kadazandusun Language In The Teaching Of Mother Tongue Sandra Logijin Ethnic Language Unit Curriculum Development Centre Ministry of Education, Malaysia Source : http: // wikipedia. com

People of Sabah n n n n n Population : 3, 400, 00 32 ethnic groups; 28 recognized as indigenous Kadazandusun (17. 8%) Bajau (13. 4%) Murut (4. 8%) Other indigenous ethnic groups (14. 6%) Malays (11. 5%) Chinese (9. 6%) Indians (4. 8%) Others (Filipino, Indonesian, etc)

Tebilung : Kota Belud, Kota Marudu Kadazandusun Groups Bundu, Liwan : Penampang, Papar, Ranau, Tambunan, Keningau, Tenom Kuijau : Keningau Lotud : Tuaran Tangara : Penampang, Papar, Kota Kinabalu Rungus : Kudat, Pitas Tatana, Bisaya : Kuala Penyu, Beaufort Kimaragang: Kota Marudu, Pitas, Kudat Source : http: //Wikipedia Mangkaak : Sandakan, Labuk, Kinabatangan

Language Shift- Causes n n Gradual and subtle, revealed in 1980’s survey Kadazandusun children either - bilingual or - dominant users of Malay or English Dominant in Malay – med. of instruction, official lg, ethnic groups’ communication lg Dominant in English – prestigious, academic language, oversea education, demand in private sector

Implementation n 1994 : Tan Sri Datuk Seri Bernard G. Dompok proposed to Federal Government that Kadazandusun lg be taught in Sabah schools 1995 : Education Act 1995 - Kadazandusun language taught in school. - CDC discuss with stakeholders, plan syllabus Stakeholders: State Education Department officers, teachers, NGOs - KLF and KDCA, experts on Kadazandusun language and culture.

n 1997: syllabus piloted in 15 primary schools n 1998: accorded additional subject status : - 120 minutes per week - outside actual timetable - taught if requested by at least 15 parents - subject to availability of trained or interested Kadazandusun teachers. n 2000 : syllabus revised, suit community needs

n n n 2003 : Implemented to Year 4 2004 : Implemented to Year 5 2005 : Implemented to Year 6 Aims : to enable learners to communicate in Kadazandusun lg daily ensuring Kadazandusun heritage continuity Currently, 279 primary schools, 20, 451 students in total in year 4, 5 and 6

n n n 2006 : implementation to Form I students 2007 : Implemented to Form II students 2008 : Implemented to Form III students Currently, 38 Sabah secondary schools offering subject to Form I, II and III students Aims : to enable learners to use language in interaction, to understand ideas and information heard and read, to appreciate language and continue Kadazandusun heritage

Syllabus Organization Syllabus Education Emphases Language Good Values Language Skills Language System Use Content Citizenship Learning Outcomes

Teacher Training- Cascade Model n CDC train master trainers on - how to interpret syllabus and syllabus specification - strategies, techniques approaches to lg teaching n Master trainers train teachers at district level n In-house training by the above teachers

Community support n n n n CDC : training, courses/ workshops, material production, monitoring State Education : potential schools & teachers, workshops /courses, road shows District Education office: story telling comp, lg week Teachers : motivated, share knowledge & expertise Kadazandusun leaders: support lg revival Committed individuals – assist CDC in material dev. PTA: moral and financial support

n n Community leaders : support revival of Kadazandusun language, agreed to make Bunduliwan dialect as standard Kadazandusun language. PTA : Moral and Financial Supports KLF : conduct workshops and do research work to revive, preserve, enrich and promote the language and help educate local writers and publish their work KDCA : promotes language use, assist in language, standardization, development and preservation of Kadazandusun language

Challenges n Outside actual school timetable n Lack of teachers n Mind-set; language no economic value n Lack of supplementary materials

Impact n Language and Kadazandusun culture given recognition and importance n Language revival n Oral traditions kept alive n Heritage awareness

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