7 Advisability in the Past Home Alone Focus on Grammar 4 Part VII, Unit 16 By Ruth Luman, Gabriele Steiner, and BJ Wells Copyright © 2006. Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Home Alone 1 Whenand Amy have been married Joe. Amy Amy’sthe house was Last. so returned, back to her. month, went mother had hometownato takeyear. of her. lessoperation. . . an than a care mess!
Home Alone 2 You could have paid the phone bill. You ought to have fed the cat! You might have taken out the trash. What’s so hard about that? You shouldn’t have gone away. You could have stayed at home. You should have taken care of me, not left me on my own.
Home Alone 3 You should have done the laundry. You might have washed the car! At least you could have mowed the lawn. SPOILED! Is what you are! You’ve made it very clear. I really need a maid. Go back to your mother’s, dear. That’s where you should have stayed.
Modals of Advisability Use modals to talk about actions and states that were advisable in the past, but did not happen. should have ought to have could have might have + past participle You should have done the laundry.
Contractions Use contractions in informal writing and speaking. Joe could have mowed the lawn. Joe could’ve He might have washed the car. He might’ve You should not have gone away. You shouldn’t
Negative Statements Use should not have and ought not to have for negative statements. You shouldn’t have gone away. Amy ought not to have left.
Practice 1 Read the police report about a robbery. Discuss what this family should or shouldn’t have done. Robbery at 1301 Maple Street, June 7, 2005. Estimated loss: Substantial. No forced entry. No alarm. Door opened with key found under welcome mat. Neighbors report empty garbage cans at curb for several days. Lawn overgrown. Newspapers piled up on front steps. Curtains open and electronic equipment visible from street. Car unlocked. Example: They shouldn’t have put a key under the mat. That’s the obvious place to look.
Questions Should have is the most common form used in questions. Should Amy have stayed at home? Should Joe have done the laundry?
Short Answers Use the modal and have to make short answers. Should Amy have stayed No, he at home? shouldn’t have. Should Joe Yes, she have done should the have. laundry?
Pronunciation 1 In informal speech, have in modal phrases is often pronounced like the word of. Joe might of taken out the trash. Joe might have taken out the trash. Do not write of instead of have.
Pronunciation 2 In informal speech, to in ought to is pronounced like the word a. Joe ought to have fed the cat. He ought to have trimmed the hedge.
Practice 2 Here are some problems you faced yesterday morning. What should you have done? Example: You overslept and were late to work. 1. According to the scale, you gained five pounds. 2. You had no clean socks. 3. There was no hot water. I ought to have set the alarm. I 4. You couldn’tgone to car keys. might have find the bed earlier. I 5. You forgot to feed the dog. shouldn’t have gone to that party!
References Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education and its licensors. All rights reserved.
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