6ème Réunion du Groupe Consultatif Spécial de l OMS

6ème Réunion du Groupe Consultatif Spécial de l’OMS sur l’Ulcère de Buruli Unraveling Clay’s Secrets Thierry Brunet de Courssou Geneva, xx March 2003 Les secrets de l’argile www. Buruli. Busters. com www. Action. Buruli. com

§ § Dennis Eberl (US Geological Survey) James Ferries (NASA Origin of Life) Lynda Williams (ASU) John Holloway (ASU)

The Challenge (1) - Buruli § § § § Mycobacterium/toxin neutralization Débridement Healing (Hyper-Granulation) Controls general infection Skin growth No keloids No retractions Stem cells stimulation (? )

The Challenge (2) – NOT Buruli § § § Débridement (leg ulcers, bed sores, other) Healing (granulation) Skin growth No keloids No retractions Raymond Dextreit (world reference)

The Challenge (3) - Investment § ROI = 0 (pharmaceutical labs perspective)

Promising Huge Payoff § Tuberculosis (mycobacterium tuberculosis) § Leprosy (mycobacterium leprae) § AIDS

Clay Actions – The Clues

The Origin of Life from Clay § Graham Cairns-Smith § James Ferries § John Holloway

Mycolactone / Toxin § Reaction with clay

Aluminum Silicate + Cocktail of 74 elements Montmorillonite clay found in Nevada § § § § § Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Bismuth Boron Bromine Cadmium Calcium Cerium Cesium Chlorine Chromium Cobalt Copper Dysprosium Erbium Europium § § § § § Fluorine Gadolinium Gallium Germanium Gold Hafnium Holmium Indium Iodine Iridium Iron Lanthanum Lead Lithium Lutetium Magnesium Manganese Mercury Molybdenum § § § § § Neodymium Nickel Niobium Osmium Potassium Palladium Phosphorus Platinum Praseodymium Rhenium Rhodium Rubidium Ruthenium Samarium Scandium Selenium Silicon Silver Sodium § § § § § Strontium Sulfur Tantalum Tellurium Terbium Thallium Thorium Thulium Tin Titanium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Ytterbium Yttrium Zinc Zirconium

Smectite – 2: 1 interlayer reyal snoitac

Absorption Adsorption + - - - - - - + + - - - - - + + + The toxins have gone inside the clay and sit in between the layers. The contaminants are incorporated into the clay structure Through ionic exchange, the harmful poisons are drawn to the outside surface of the clay. Contaminant particules are attracted to the outer surface of the clay crystal

Electrical Charge of Clays pesticides metals - - - CLAY PARTICLE - H 2 O - - H 2 O nutrients

Enlarged edge of crystal Ca 2+ H+ K+ NH 4+ Ca 2+ H+ K + Ca 2+ H Mg 2+ 2+ Mg NH 4+ + Na 2+ H+ K+ Ca Ca 2+ 2+ Ca + H+ H+ H+ Na+ H K+ 2+ H+ Ca 2+ NH 4+ Mg Mg 2+ H+ K+ External surface Ca 2+ H+ K+ Ca 2+ External surfaces H+ Al 3+ Ca 2+ H+ Na+ Ca 2+ Internal surfaces K+ Ca 2+ K+ H+ NH 4+ H+ Mg 2+ K+ Ca 2+

Just cheap dirt … Medical Science – NO interest! Not so fast…. Spray dried smectite § § § § Use for thousand of years in all continents Remove metals Radiochemicals contamination entrapment Nano. Clay Mineral Society promoting research IBM Clay-protein research project People living next to montmorillonite deposit life 120~140 years Domestic water filters Caffeine adsorbent liquid filter Water Based Paint additives ultra-pure smectite clays for GM (enhanced physical properties nanocomposites) Laponite ™ synthetic clay mineral Barasym ™ synthetic clay mineral Nanoplastics = polymeric nanocomposites § § § § Origin of Life Detection of life on Mars Fireproofing Crop mineral fertilizing Extraordinary observation during Buruli treatment Berkeley Earth Sciences Lab -- Molecular Simulations of Hydrated Montmorillonite Interlayers Because of their ubiquitous presence in natural materials and their strong surface reactions with cations and organic molecules, clay minerals figure importantly in a broad range of phenomena, from global climate change to contaminant management. Research is designed to provide molecularscale information about the mechanisms of these surface reactions, based on state-of-the-art computer simulation using tested codes and realistic models of clay mineral interactions with liquid water and a variety of dissolved chemicals 11, 495 US Patents “montmorillonite” 1, 239 US Patents “illite” 8, 470 US Patents “clay minerals” 522 Canadian Patents “montmorillonite”

Water droplets on Illite (left) and Quartz (right) Water droplets Typical “Spiky” Crystals Water droplets on Illite (and Illitized Kaolinite).

swelling type of Namontmorillonite, where the plates are expanded by high hydration Smectite Wavy, lettuce appearance Ca-montmorillonite, with low hydration, where the plates are held tightly

Scale = 10 µm Smectite and quartz crystals Kaolinite booklets on Smectite-Illite

Guadeloupe vertsols have natural suppressiveness to bacterial wilt, mainly of physicochemical origin. Pictures shows cells (black arrow) of R. solanacearum observed in the porosity of native montmorillonite extracted from a Guadeloupe vertisol. General view of bacterial cells (B) embedded in the tactoidal clay matrix [A], which is deformable and able to wrap around cells or to come in contacts at several points as seen in the detailed TEM where individuals cristallites of montmorillonite associate to form tactoids (T) delimiting pores (P) where bacteria are entrapped and not available for the infectious process. To know more about vertisol suppressive to bacterial wilt in Guadeloupe see; Prior P. , Béramis M. , Clairon M. , Quiquampoix H. , Robert M. , Schmit J. 1993. Contribution to integrated control against bacterial wilt in opposite pedoclimatic situations: Guadeloupe experience. In "Bacterial Wilt" Proceedings of an international conference held at Kaoshiung, Taiwan, 28 -31 October 1992. ACIAR Proceedings No 45, 294 -304. http: //ibws. nexenservices. com/suppressive_soils. htm

http: //www. che. gatech. edu/drugdelivery/ Microfabricated devices for drug delivery o. Microneedles for transdermal drug delivery o. Microparticles with controlled geometry http: //www. utdallas. edu/~jblee/research/Microneedle%20 Array%20 for%20 Bio. MEMS. htm

2: 1’s VERMICULITE MICA 2: 1 layer -- - interlayer --- - K+ K+ 2: 1 layer ------- - - SMECTITE - - - Ca+2 K+ Mg+2 Ca+2 K+ Ca+2 Mg+2 -- - - - -

Nanotherapy

Repeatable Observable Experiments § Animal Testing § Testing on humains § § § Africa Bee stings Spider bites (milking)

Vaccination Hazard Thimerosal (ethylmercury) poisoning

Clay Bath (www. Magnetic. Clay. com)

Kirlian effect Tap Water Evian + Clay Sea water + Clay

Kirlian effect 45 minutes after drinking a glass of Illite Clay pack on thumb

Kirlian effect

Jacques Benveniste

Masaru Emoto

Snow Crystals

Homeopathy

PROTEIN CRYSTAL GROWTH

All infos on this preliminary study including the slide show are available at: Toutes les infos sur ces études préliminaires sont disponibles à: www. Buruli. Busters. com www. Action. Buruli. com