6 th FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY 6 3 —

6 th FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY 6. 3 - GLOBAL CHANGE AND ECOSYSTEMS Nitro. Europe IP The nitrogen cycle and its influence on the European greenhouse gas balance

Context: Resource and delivery The Resources NEU, COST 729, ESF Nin. E, … ¨ Cluster: European Transboundary Nitrogen Activity (ETNA) ¨ Delivery target audiences European Commission ¨ International Conventions: WGs and negotiations ¨ International Nitrogen Initiative (INI): European Nitrogen Centre (ENC) ¨ Education and local stakeholders ¨

Multi-pollutant interactions for nitrogen Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) Further NO & N 2 O Nitric oxide (NO) NH 4 NO 3 in precipitation Ammonia (NH 3) Nitrate leaching NO 3 - Nitrate in streamwaters Abatement may swap one pollutant for another in the nitrogen cascade

UNEP CBD SEBI 2010

Nitro. Europe IP n What is the effect of reactive nitrogen supply on the direction and magnitude of net greenhouse gas budgets for Europe? n Effect of N on GHG balance: Positive effect Unclear N 2 O (inc. 2’ sources) uptake in plants Cattle CH 4 wetlands n Negative effect C SOM decomposition To what extent would a more-integrated management of the N-cycle and its interactions with the C-cycle have potential to reduce greenhouse gas and Nr emissions simultaneously?

The Nitro. Europe IP n 6 core science components … n … plus 4 supporting components C 7. Standards and Data Management C 8. NEU Management C 9: NEU Training C 10: NEU Dissemination

Partner Involvement n Funded partners: 65 institutions, inc 7 INCO. Steering and Core Partners (leading groups, integration) ¨ Major Partners (key deliverables) ¨ Funded Associate Partners (extend the ERA) ¨ n Involvement of unfunded associate partners Mutual sharing of information ¨ Clear acceptance criteria, by Activity ¨ Associate Partners not unlimited: to maintain manageability and science excellence ¨ Obvious interaction with COST 729 ¨

Component 1: NEU Flux Network Tiered structure: n Level 3 (“Super Sites”): N and GHG fluxes: Core Measurements + Special Topics. Includes high cost micromet methods and process analysis. n Level 2 (“Regional Sites”): Basic N and GHG flux monitoring, e. g. COTAG, simple cuvettes n Level 1 (“Inferential Sites”): Basic N air concentration measurements at 50 CO 2 flux sites. e. g. DELTA low cost denuders.

NEU Flux & Manipulation Networks 13 Level 3 Super Sites 9 Level 2 Regional Sites 50 Level 1 Inferential Sites 22 Core Manipulation Sites 14 Assoc. Manipulation Sites

NEU Flux Network Sites in Climate Space

Component 2: NEU Manipulation

Component 3: NEU Plot Modelling

Component 4: NEU Landscapes Overlays: • Fields, farmsteads: source areas • Forest & shrub: sink areas • Local hydrological dispersion • Local atmospheric dispersion • Farm decision making units • Conservation decision units

Landscapes integrate multiple spatial scales relevant for multi-pollutant assessment Farmsteads Farm units (fields & buildings) Water dispersion Atmospheric dispersion

Component 5: NEU Integration

Remaining problem areas in 2020 Light blue = no risk Health - PM Health+vegetation - ozone Vegetation – N dep. IIASA, Amann Forests – acid dep. Semi-natural – acid dep. Freshwater – acid dep.

Component 6: NEU Verification

NEU Data Management System

Lots to do! n Started 1 February 2006 First General Assembly: Garmisch, March 2006 n Synergy with other activities, e. g. COST 729, Nin. E, INI n e. g. joint workshops on cross-cutting activities. ¨ database development and sharing information ¨ A mechanism for disseminating policy interactions and communicating with stakeholders ¨ … ¨ n n http: //www. nitroeurope. eu neu@ceh. ac. uk

ESF – Research Network Programme Nitrogen in Europe (Nin. E) n n n Running for 5 years, started March 2006 Aims to integrate European research and researchers Delivering an assessment report of the state of European nitrogen, sources, transformations and impacts, as well as establishing a basis to recommend future solutions

COST Action 729 Assessing and managing nitrogen fluxes in the atmospherebiosphere system in Europe ¨ ¨ ¨ Combining knowledge of various research areas to provide a scientific basis for an integrated approach to nitrogen management; requiring knowledge on: The formation of reactive nitrogen and the resulting emissions to the atmosphere Transport, transformation and deposition Integrated assessment modelling Policy analysis and support www. cost 729. org