27 years of responding to AIDS Millions 50

27 years of responding to AIDS Millions 50 45 40 35 First cases of unusual immune deficiency identified Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria HIV identified as cause of AIDS The UN General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS WHO launches the Global Programme on AIDS Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment 30 25 20 First HIV antibody test becomes available First regimen to reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV 15 US$10 billion for AIDS in developing countries Four Frees and One Care President Bush announces PEPFAR 3 million on ART in developing world UNAIDS created 10 5 0 1980 ‘ 81 ‘ 82 ‘ 83 ‘ 84 ‘ 85 ‘ 86 ‘ 87 ‘ 88 ‘ 89 ‘ 90 ‘ 91 ‘ 92 ‘ 93 ‘ 94 ‘ 95 ‘ 96 ‘ 97 ‘ 98 ‘ 99 2000 ‘ 01 ‘ 02 ‘ 03 ‘ 04 ‘ 05 ’ 062007 People living with HIV

2008: new phase in the epidemic and the response Ø Large-scale progress Ø Recognition that AIDS is a major long-wave event

Millions Estimated number people newly infected with HIV globally, 1990– 2007 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Year This bar indicates the range around the estimate

New HIV infections among children 1990 – 2007 600 000 500 000 400 000 300 000 200 000 100 0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 19971998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Year This bar indicates the range around the estimate

Millions Declining mortality 3. 0 2. 5 2. 0 1. 5 1. 0 0. 5 0 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 19971998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Year This bar indicates the range around the estimate Estimated number of child and adult deaths due to AIDS globally, 1990 -2007 (2008 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic)

Number of people on antiretroviral therapy in low- and middle-income countries, 2002‒ 2007 Millions 3. 5 3. 0 2. 5 2. 0 1. 5 1. 0 0. 5 0. 0 end- 2002 mid end- 2003 mid end- 2004 mid end- 2005 mid end- 2006 mid end- 2007

AIDS IS NOT OVER

HIV infections among men having sex with men in Asia

Long-term progress requires Ø Political action Ø Funding Ø Programme delivery Ø Science

27 years of responding to AIDS Millions 50 45 40 35 First cases of unusual immune deficiency identified Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria HIV identified as cause of AIDS WHO launches the Global Programme on AIDS Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment 30 25 20 US$10 billion for AIDS in developing countries The UN General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS First HIV antibody test becomes available First regimen to reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV 15 Four Frees and One Care President Bush announces PEPFAR 3 million on ART in developing world UNAIDS created 10 5 0 1980 ‘ 81 ‘ 82 ‘ 83 ‘ 84 ‘ 85 ‘ 86 ‘ 87 ‘ 88 ‘ 89 ‘ 90 ‘ 91 ‘ 92 ‘ 93 ‘ 94 ‘ 95 ‘ 96 ‘ 97 ‘ 98 ‘ 99 2000 ‘ 01 ‘ 02 ‘ 03 ‘ 04 ‘ 05 ’ 062007 People living with HIV

Political action

Funding Total annual resources available for AIDS, 1986 ‒ 2007 US$ million 10 billion 10 000 8. 9 billion 9000 Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS, UNGASS 8000 8. 3 billion 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 PEPFAR Less than US$ 1 million 1000 59 1623 292 257 212 Global Fund 0 1986 ‘ 87 Notes: ‘ 88 ‘ 89 ‘ 90 ‘ 91 ‘ 92 ‘ 93 ‘ 94 ‘ 95 ‘ 96 ‘ 97 ‘ 98 ‘ 99 [1] 1986 -2000 figures are for international funds only [2] Domestic funds are included from 2001 onwards [i] 1996 -2005 data: Extracted from 2006 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (UNAIDS, 2006) [ii] 1986 -1993 data: AIDS in the World II. Edited by Jonathan Mann and Daniel J. M. Tarantola (1996) ‘ 00 ‘ 01 ‘ 02 ‘ 03 ‘ 04 ‘ 05 ‘ 06 2007

Programme delivery Ø Coverage Ø Quality Ø Cost-effectiveness Ø Community mobilization Ø Learning

Cost Effectiveness

Community Mobilization

Science Ø Epidemiology Ø Social and behavioural sciences Ø Biomedical Ø Management science

Know your epidemic

Social and behavioural science Ø Transmission Ø Vulnerability Ø Programme effectiveness

Biomedical research Ø Better drugs Ø Vaccine Ø Microbicide Ø Pre-exposure prophylaxis Ø Antiretroviral treatment for prevention?

Management science Ø Programme delivery Ø Marketing Ø Evaluation

Elimination of stigma

Ø For electronic version, photos, and media materials please refer to: www. unaids. org. cn/en/piot _08