24 Feb 00 RIMPAC 2000 NH

24 Feb 00

RIMPAC 2000

NH Camp Pendleton Mercy Fleet Hospital Kernel Blitz ‘ 99 insertion BES, BAS, STP Essex Surgical Company

Rim of the Pacific 2000 l l l May - July 2000 Hawaiian OPAREA Every 2 years – seven nations » US, UK, Canada, Australia » Chile, Japan, Korea

SCENARIO / GEOGRAPHY Kauai Niihau Kaula Rock Oahu Molokai Honolulu Maui Lanai Kahoolawe l Two Countries – Orange – Green – Historical tensions along the border l Orange is the dominant military power Hilo Big Island

The missions we really do, most of the time… • Overwhelming stand-off firepower – Specifically to minimize our own casualties » Northern Watch, Southern Watch » DS/DS, Desert Fox, Desert Thunder » Kosovo, Afghanistan, Sudan • Humanitarian Operations – SECNAV 1998 Christmas Message – Often with significant risk – ALWAYS with others. And we need to do it better.

Six years… l Indonesia l Haiti l Bosnia l Somalia l Eritrea l Sudan l Sierra Leone l Colombia l Kosovo l Afghanistan

USCINCPAC humanitarian efforts. . . o o 100 E 95 W JTF Marianas Typhoon Omar Guam COMNAVMARIANAS JTF Sea Angel Cyclone Marion Bangladesh CG, III MEF JTF Prompt Return Chinese Migrant Repatriation Wake Island ADC Ops, 25 ID (L) JTF Hawaii Hurricane Iniki Kauai CG, USARPAC JTF Bevel Edge NEO Cambodia COMSOCPAC JTF Provide Refuge Chinese Migrant Repatriation Kwajalein ADC Ops, 25 ID (L) JTF Fiery Vigil Mt. Pinatubo Eruption Philippines 13 AF/CC o 17 E JTF Pacific Haven Kurdish Refugee Relocation Guam 13 AF/CC PACIFIC COMMAND o 92 W

The 1999 National Military Strategy document… “It is imperative that our Joint Forces also enhance their ability to operate in consonance with other US government agencies, and with Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs), International Organizations (IOs), and Private Voluntary Organizations (PVOs) in a variety of settings. The specialized access and knowledge these organizations possess can facilitate prompt, efficient action to prevent conflict, resolve a crisis, mitigate suffering, and restore civil government…”

“The military were actually the last players to arrive on the scene, not the first…” Haiti – A Case Study National Defense University, 1996 Presidential Decision Directive #56 (on managing complex contingencies) “The US government is one player among many…”

Sometimes, the best information comes from outside the US military.

Refugee Camp Ngara, Tanzania, 1996

Pinatubo

Sarajevo, 1996

zmit, Turkey September 1999

Earthquake relief warehouse Izmit, Turkey September 1999

CIVIL - MILITARY OPERATIONS CENTER UNICEF INTERACTION WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME DEPT OF PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS MILITARY NGOs & PVOs UN CMOC UN HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES OFDA / DART CARE DOCTORS WITHOUT BORDERS SAVE THE CHILDREN INTERNATIONAL RESCUE COMMITTEE OTHER RELIEF & BENEFIT ORGANIZATIONS U. S. GOV AGENCIES ICRC IFRC JP 3 -57, IV-18 COUNTRY TEAM AMERICAN RED CROSS Courtesy of LT Randy Myrick

Civil-Military Operations Center

Virtual Workspace

Collaborative partners… 1. 1 st Marine Expeditionary Force 2. Center of Excellence for Disaster Management and Humanitarian Assistance (COE) 3. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) 4. World Health Organization (WHO) 5. Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA), US-AID 6. UNICEF 7. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 8. Center for the Management of Information

Desirable traits in a CMOC… 1. Physical security, with reasonable comfort 2. Representation from all major participants 3. Information accrual with effective dissemination 4. Communication across all boundaries 5. Encouragement toward collaboration 6. Resource management 7. Proximity to the area of interest 8. Flexibility as circumstances alter

CMOC afloat on USS Coronado l Unique space dedicated to non-military support l NIPRNET, SIPRNET, HF, VHF, cellular l CENTAUR incident management software l Group. Systems collaborative software (CMI) l Multiple classification levels l Virtual Workspace management – Logistics, Medical, Air Operations, Security

CMOC stations

CMOC in Action CMOC Third Fleet

C E N T A U R Combined Event Notification Technology and Unified Reporting Center of Excellence in Disaster Management and Humanitarian Assistance

Humanitarian Assistance l The scenario…RIMPAC Phase 2 H –Strong Angel (internal name) – Increasing violence against Green minority in Orange – Green minority refugees massing in border mountains » Ethnic Green crossing into Green, though Orange citizens – Hazardous environment – Basics in short supply » water, shelter, medical care

RIMPAC Humanitarian Operation l Goals and Objectives (13) – Civil-Military coordination – Complex Emergency support l Mechanics – Extent of the Civ-Mil exercise: 06 - 17 June – Refugee management: 10 – 16 June – 125 live participants (with daily flux) – Camp developed from nothing on moonscape – Sea-borne Joint logistics » CSSG-3, Hawaii

Partners. . . l l l COMTHIRDFLT MAGTF-3 PACFLT PACOM SOUTHCOM MSC MERCY OSD Canada Australia Japan l l l UNHCR BUMED Army Air Force COE PAHO UNICEF OFDA IFRC WFP DARPA This group has never exercised together…

Timeline… UN Coalition tasked by the Security Council to respond to a refugee migration. June 2000 Amphib on load Amphib off load Site Team 06 UN task 07 Camp construction 08 09 Coronado present 10 Refugees present 11 12 13 14 End 15 Break down 16 Coronado present 17 18 19 Hot wash

Refugee volunteers… • Source under consideration • Red Cross, military dependents, others… • 125 people, variable daily • NOT real refugees!!! • Range of humanity is most educational • 12 -70 • Both genders • Chronic, stable medical conditions OK • Safe in the boondocks for a few days • Patient. Tolerant. Flexible. Cooperative. • Incentive-free

Volunteers… l We’ll provide… – Food (sort of…) – Shelter (sort of…) – Sanitation (really) – Something like a plan – Gratitude l You provide… – Time – Creative energy – A sense of goodwill

Exercise design… l In-port training during the workup period l Measures Of Effectiveness – Communications – Logistics – Medical – Security – Joint and Combined Force cooperation – Civil-Military Cooperation – Public Affairs – Legal

Refugee Management Wiamea Safe Haven Hilo Big Island

Big Island, northwest tip 1 1 = K-docks 2 = Puu Paa 2

Airport Road entrance to both sites Highway 190, looking south

Puu Paa from the CMOC site

Puu Paa Refugee Camp site

Phase 2 H Conceptual Layout Recreation Route 190 Shower Medical Food Service Admin CMOC Area C 3 F Housing Shower Pt Refugee Area CVB CIB CMOC Experiments Bulk Storage CSSD Tentage Waimea Airport Bulk Storage Approx. 3 kms

CMOC Layouts OPS CELL FUNCTIONS PLANING CELL FUNCTIONS Daily Meeting (looking out 24 -72 Hrs) Monitor Support Actions Validate Support Requests Establish Priorities Coord Support UN/NGO/IO/OFDA/JTF Policies Exchange Information Plan Transition Plans Cell Operations Cell DIr C OFDA Dep Dir COE CA Off IO IO NGO CA Off NGO UN HQ & JTF Personnel Afloat Collaboration Center Ops NCO UN Plans Off LNO Ops Off E O UN Country Team Members & JTF/Components Afloat CMOC

TRANSITION TO ASHORE CMOC After the situation stabilizes ashore, the Land Component will establish a CMOC and members of the UN/NGO/IOs will coordinate, operate, and plan with the military from the CMOC ashore JTF Operations/Plans Cell CA Off HQ Personnel & JTF Staff USS Coronado CA Off NGO Plans Off IO E COE O Dep Dir DIr UN C OFDA Ops NCO UN Component Operations/Plans Cell Ops Off LNO CMOC ASHORE IO NGO UHF VHF Systems UN Country Tm/MARFOR & JTF Liaison Parker Ranch

Stabilization and Transition to Land Component Lead 3 rd Flt CMOC (military only) monitors the FHA ashore CMOC ASHORE Component to JTF Operations/Plans Cell DIr E O C UN CA Off Plans Off 3 rd Flt commences other operations, UN HQ personnel redeploy to NY/etc…. IO NGO UHF VHF Systems UN, MARFOR, & JTF Liaison Parker Ranch

RIMPAC. . . Strong Angel. . . Sea Breeze

Experimentation l Sea Breeze (C-B-R-E) a) Suspicious exposure in arrivals » Sudan-like b) Internal biological event for camp intimidation » Agro-terrorism l Information requirement – TIDES Portal – Translation on-site – Expert knowledge off-site

Strong Angel Experiments (1): 1. DARPA: TIDES Portal 1. (with Two-Way Translation and Interactive Drama) • 2. DARPA: One-Way Translation System • 3. POC: Eric Rasmussen, review by Allen Sears DARPA: RIM Interactive Paging System • l POC: Andy Merlino, review by Allen Sears POC: Mike Hopmeier, review by Mark Prutsalis ECU: Distributed Medical Intelligence • POC: David Balch, review by Dave Warner

Strong Angel Experiments (2): 7. COE: Civil-Military Communications 1. POC: Mark Prutsalis, review by Jim Rogers 8. COE: CENTAUR Information Management 1. POC: Enzo Bolletino, review by Annette Sobel 9. C 3 F: Solar Power in Disaster Response 1. POC: Eric Rasmussen, review by Jim Rogers 10. CMI: Command. Net Humanitarian Integration 1. POC: Mark Adkins, review by Jim Rogers

MERCY 2001 Mission to the Americas

Strong Angel Metrics Measures of Effectiveness & Measures of Performance

Communications l Understand mutual communications limitations and develop workable solutions (MOP) l Provide pathway between strategic and field-level IO personnel via the afloat CMOC (MOP) l Establish common effective and reliable voice and data communication (MOE)

Logistics l Develop a cooperative logistics plan, including procurement and distribution, with all participants (MOP) l Establish a logistics infrastructure for transitioning to civilian management (MOP) l Provide food, water, shelter, and sanitation to SPHERE standards (MOE)

Medical l Establish sustainable water, food and sanitation programs for transitioning to civilian organizations (MOE) l Maintain a measles vaccination program per WHO protocol (MOE) l Compare baseline Green health data to camp data for trend analysis (MOE)

Security l Re-establish law and order for transitioning to a civilian security force (MOP) l Establish security boundaries to ensure no camp support is available to persistently belligerent forces (MOP)

Joint and Combined Military l Establish coordination between forces to ensure synchrony of effort and provision of necessary support (MOP) l Develop collaborative tools for the formation and execution of a Joint and Combined Task Force for the support of HA/DR operations (MOE) l Understand the political and operational support limitations of each service (MOP)

Civil-Military Interaction l Establish an effective afloat CMOC with representatives from all agencies (MOE) l Establish an effective ashore CMIC using a selfcontained and deployable management center (MOP) l Transition from CMOC to self-sustainment (MOE)

Public Affairs l To be developed with the C 3 F and COE PAOs

Legal l To be developed by the C 3 F and COE counsels

Sea Breeze Experimentation Metrics Milestones

1. TIDES Portal Andy Merlino / Allen Sears l Use a commercial laptop computer to deliver an effective small-footprint user interface to a remote knowledge-synthesis source. l Deliver appropriate information in a usable form within 24 hours of a field request l Establish a system for routine delivery of unclassified information in an austere environment

2. Two-Way Translation Cliff Weinstein / Lee Kollmorgen l Accrue translingual answers to three sealed and scripted questions in a defined topic domain through computer-based interaction l Use a commercial laptop to deliver simultaneous computer-based translation in an austere environment l Use local camp staff to accrue computer-based translingual information with no more than four hours training

3. One-Way Refugee Interviews Eric Rasmussen / Lee Kollmorgen l Conduct an effective refugee registration to UNHCR standards using local camp staff l Effectively capture an Event description using the One-Way 2000 and a digital recorder. l Conduct an effective medical screening interview to UNHCR standards using local camp staff

4. Advanced Collaborative Prototype Bran Ferren / Mark Adkins l Conduct a meeting between civilian and military collaborators l Independently evaluate participants for spatial and temporal orientation l Communicate with three other shipboard spaces using voice and data l Communicate off-hull from the room using four distinct modes of communication

5. Interactive Drama Lee Kollmorgen / Annette Sobel l Bio: Accrue new information concerning a biological exposure symptom complex using voice interaction with a computer l Chem: Develop a Course of Action for chlorine exposure l Rad: Develop a Course of Action and an exposure risk table for the finding of an unshielded Cobalt-60 source l Envirotoxic: Establish a prophylaxis plan against organophosphate pesticide intoxication

6. RIM Interactive Paging System Mike Hopmeier / Mark Prutsalis l Establish communication between two RIM pagers on opposite sides of the refugee camp l And between the refugee camp and the CMOC site l And between the refugee camp and UNICEF Security in New York l And between the refugee camp and UNHCR in Geneva

7. Civil-Military Communications Mark Prutsalis / Jim Rogers l Exchange scripted voice information between World Food Programme representatives and the Third Fleet Battle Watch Captain with a ten minute response l Exchange scripted voice information over nonmilitary HF radio from the CMOC site to the Adv Collaborative Workspace aboard Coronado l Convey binary data over HF radio from the CMOC site ashore to the Afloat CMOC

8. Ultra-Small Aperture Terminal John Hines / Dave Warner l Exchange data between the CMOC Site ashore and a second site at 1. 55 Mb or better. l Exchange data at T 1 rates within 3 hours of the system tasking at the CMOC site ashore l Maintain T 1 or better connectivity 20 hours each day while refugees are present

9. CENTAUR Enzo Bolletino / Annette Sobel l Manage dynamic refugee accountability to UNHCR standards using commercial laptops l Conduct effective medical screening with initial registration l Tag each refugee with unique and effective evidence of registration l Accrue and disseminate accurate refugee demographic reports by 2100 each evening that refugees are present l Establish effective and dynamic refugee accountability reports within the first 24 hours l Establish effective and dynamic refugee epidemiology reports within the first 24 hours

10. Solar Power Eric Rasmussen / Jeff Lewis l Transport to the CMOC Site in a single SUV enough solar power capacity for the following: – – – – l l Laptop computer (2) Inkjet printer (1) Cell phone charger VHF handheld charger HF radio HF data modem Tent lighting Power the above list without interruption for 5 days Achieve self-contained shortwave reception ashore

11. Command. Net Mark Adkins / Mark Prutsalis l Establish information complementarity between Command Net and CENTAUR l Establish a system for routine exchange of unclassified information in an austere environment

12. Distributed Medical Intelligence David Balch / Dave Warner l Receive an effective, referenced answer to a refugee-based medical question within one hour of the request l Accrue physiological information within the refugee camp and analyze it remotely l Exchange medical information about a refugee using four different communications options.

MERCY 2001 Mission to the Americas