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13 Dez 2005 A jornada de melhoria contínua da EDS - Processos e 03 13 Dez 2005 A jornada de melhoria contínua da EDS - Processos e 03 -23 -05 Métodos para suporte às práticas do CMMI 5 EDS-Electronic Data Systems do Brasil Ltda. Dezembro 2005 Márcio Silveira 3/18/2018 11: 16 AM

Objetivo A palestra tem por objetivo apresentar o framework criado pela EDS para suportar Objetivo A palestra tem por objetivo apresentar o framework criado pela EDS para suportar o modelo CMMI no que tange aos diversos níveis de maturidade do mesmo. Ela é baseada na experiência do apresentador como líder, e posteriormente consultor, do grupo de melhoria contínua (SEPG) do centro de desenvolvimento da EDS no Rio de Janeiro que atingiu o nível 5 do Modelo CMMI em Abril de 2005. 2 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Agenda Ø Quem Somos Ø Infraestrutura de Métodos e Processos da EDS Ø Resultados Agenda Ø Quem Somos Ø Infraestrutura de Métodos e Processos da EDS Ø Resultados da Jornada de Melhoria Contínua Ø Perguntas 3 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

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7 -Eleven • Automotive Component Systems of Canada Inc • adidas - Salomon AG 7 -Eleven • Automotive Component Systems of Canada Inc • adidas - Salomon AG • adidas America • AEGON Direct Marketing Services • Airport Systems Group PDS • Airtel • Alberta Government Services • Alberta Learning • Alberta Transportation • Alliant Energy • Allied Domecq Spirits & Wine • Aloha Airlines • America West Airlines • American Airlines/AMR Corp • American Red Cross • AMSA - AETNA • Anheuser-Busch • Arkansas Blue Cross Blue Shield • Army & Air Force Mutual Aid Association • ASM Brescia • Aspect Communications • Assicurazioni GENERALI S. p. A. • AT&T • Auchan - Italia • Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Ltd • Austrian Social Security Assoc. • Avery Dennison Office Products WW • Avista Corp. • AVL List Gmb. H • AXA Belgium • Banca Mediterranea • Banca Serfin, S. A. • Bancaja • Bancomer, S. A. • Banesto • Bank of Canada • Bank of New Zealand • Bank of Overseas Chinese • Bank of Queensland Global Sales & Client Solutions • Bank One Corporation • Bankinter • Bell Canada Inc. • Bell. South • Bethlehem Steel Corporation • BP France • Brasil Telecom S/A • British Airways PLC • British Broadcasting Corporation • Service Delivery Browning-Ferris Industries • Bruno's Supermarkets, Inc. • Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce • Canadian Pacific Railway (Alberta) • Capital One Services, Inc. • Carlsberg-Tetley • Carlson Portfolio Management Wagonlit Travel • Catalog Reengineering System (CRS) • CCAD DMS Corpus Christi Army Depot • Cegelec • CGEA Onyx Vivendi • Chantemur CVDH • CHEMCENTRAL • Chevron. Texaco Americas EMEA Asia Pacific • CIGNA Health Care • Ciments Français • Citibank - Germany • Citibank México S. A. (Confia / Diners) • City of Los Angeles • City LA US CAN UK Cont. North South of Toronto • C-IV: Accenture • Clearstream • CMA-CGM • Region Europe Compaq Computer Corporation • Continental Airlines • Coors Brewing Company • Credit Agricole Indosuez Luxembourg • Business IT Czech Army • D/SIDDOMS II Lot 3 • Daikin Europe NV • Consulting Applications Process Infrastructure Daimler. Chrysler Corp. • DANONE SA • Decathlon S. A. • Outsourcing Decision. One • Defense Finance and Accounting Service (U. S. ) • Defense Information System Agency (U. S. ) DEIS II • Defense Business Support Units Logistics Agency (U. S. ) DSCC-B • Defense Manpower Data Center • Del Monte • Delphi • Department for Work and Pensions - Jobcentre Plus • Department of Education (U. S. ) • Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) • Department of PLM A. T. Kearney Subsidiaries Solutions Justice (Canada) • Department of National Defence (Canada) • Dept Environment, Transport & Regions • Deutsche Bank • 5 Deutsche Bank Affiliates • Deutsche Telekom • Discovery Toys • Systems Corporation. All rights reserved. © 2005 Electronic Data Aproximadamente 35. 000 Clientes, 120. 000 funcionários em 60 países

Modelo Organizacional da EDS • Aproximadamente 33, 000 Engenheiros de Software ao redor do Modelo Organizacional da EDS • Aproximadamente 33, 000 Engenheiros de Software ao redor do mundo localizados em unidades chamadas Application Delivery Units (ADUs). • Todas as ADUs usam o mesmo modelo organizacional chamado Global Delivery Model (GDM) • Todas as ADUs aplicam a mesma metodologia para desenvolvimento e manutenção de aplicações. Ela se chama Global Solution Management System (GSMS) • 2 ADUs no Brasil: – Rio de Janeiro (550 empregados) – São Paulo (900 empregados) 6 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

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Jornada de Melhoria Contínua – Rio ADU ISO-9001: 1994 Following Surveillance PI Wave ISO-9001: Jornada de Melhoria Contínua – Rio ADU ISO-9001: 1994 Following Surveillance PI Wave ISO-9001: 2000 Planning & CMM ISO-9001: 2000 Certification Level 3 Pre-audit Nov/05 r/05 CBA-IPI ISO-9001: 1994 Mar-Ap Certification QMS ug/05 Dec/03 May-A preparation Jul/04 Aug/02 Aug/03 e. SCM Pilot May/99 CMMI May/01 Apr/97 Level V Jan/98 CMM SCAMPI Jul/96 Level 4 CMM 7 Mar/9 CMM CBA-IPI Level 4 Level 2 QMS MSA CBA-IPI Launch Initial Unpredictable and poorly controlled 8 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Grupo de Melhoria Contínua de Processos (PPI) • ISO/GSMS Audits • QA Coordination • Grupo de Melhoria Contínua de Processos (PPI) • ISO/GSMS Audits • QA Coordination • NCN/OBS tracking • ISO/9001 certification support • GSMS/QMS • Mentoring/Coaching • Tailoring support • PI assessments • Training Coordination • [Transition Team] © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved. • Pre. Sage (Profile/Projects) • Estimating support • Measurement plan support • FP SMEs • Quality Engineer (OQE) • Quality Analysts (PQE) 9

Processo Geral de Melhoria Contínua Corporate Objectives Business Drivers Technology Drivers PI Opportunities Voice Processo Geral de Melhoria Contínua Corporate Objectives Business Drivers Technology Drivers PI Opportunities Voice of Customer Inputs/Drivers Strategic Business Plan (SBP) Strategies/Initiatives SWOT Analysis / GQM Measurement (Monitor & Control) Voice of Management Organization Improvement Strategy Governance Council (Board) © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved. 10

Global Applications Delivery QMS (GAD-QMS) • • Como conduzimos o nosso negócio Em linha Global Applications Delivery QMS (GAD-QMS) • • Como conduzimos o nosso negócio Em linha com ISO/9001: 2000 e SEI-CMM/CMMI nível 5 Modelo disponível via WEB Mecanismo de controle de mudanças Todos os Engenheiros de Software podem acessar Suportado por outras ferramentas tais como GSMSWorks Integrado com o repositório de boas práticas (BPR) Dividido em 2 áreas { • Processos de Negócio (QMS) • Processos de Engenharia de Software (GSMS) 11 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

GAD QMS 12 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved. GAD QMS 12 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

GSMS - Processos de Engenharia de Software 13 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. GSMS - Processos de Engenharia de Software 13 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

GSMS (Work-Types) 14 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved. GSMS (Work-Types) 14 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

GSMS (Work Management- Plan Project Work) 15 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All GSMS (Work Management- Plan Project Work) 15 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

GSMS (Work Management- Plan Project Work – Estimate Procedure) 16 © 2005 Electronic Data GSMS (Work Management- Plan Project Work – Estimate Procedure) 16 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Customizando o projeto. . . OSSP-Org. Plans Tailoring Criteria Requirements and Approach Documentation Project’s Customizando o projeto. . . OSSP-Org. Plans Tailoring Criteria Requirements and Approach Documentation Project’s Defined Process File Tailoring Execution Waivers Tailoring Tool Tailoring Decisions Project’s Defined Process File (PDSP) Starting Point Schedule Amendment History 17 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Planos Organizacionais Organization Improvement Strategy Organizational Quantitative Management _Approach Organizational Training Plan Organizational Communication Planos Organizacionais Organization Improvement Strategy Organizational Quantitative Management _Approach Organizational Training Plan Organizational Communication Plan Organizational Risk Management Plan Organizational Measurement Strategy Organizational Quality Plans Organizational CM Plan Organizational Project Plan QA Function Organizational Measurement Plans © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved. Organizational Standards & Procedures 18

GSMSWorks Descrição Ajuda os engenheiros de software a aplicar a metodologia de desenvolvimento, manutenção GSMSWorks Descrição Ajuda os engenheiros de software a aplicar a metodologia de desenvolvimento, manutenção e gerenciamento de projetos através da manutenção do workbook do projeto. Funcionalidade • Vários projetos podem ser criados e mantidos • Roda num ambiente de LAN • Todos os templates do GSMS disponíveis • Possui uma representação gráfica do GSMS • Mantém versionamento dos documentos gerados 19 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

GSMSWorks 20 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved. GSMSWorks 20 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

GSMSWorks 21 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved. GSMSWorks 21 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

GSMSWorks 22 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved. GSMSWorks 22 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Processo de Métricas Organizacional/Projeto Rio. SC Local Metrics Team Projects FPA & SLOC Counting Processo de Métricas Organizacional/Projeto Rio. SC Local Metrics Team Projects FPA & SLOC Counting Metrics Planning Start-up& Planning Analysis & Report PTR Metrics Tracking Execution FPA & SLOC Counting Time Tracking Analysis & Report Record Metrics Close-Down Metrics Close-down FPA & SLOC Counting Analysis & Report Pre. Sage CTTS EDS Central Metrics Group Metrics Programme Maintenance Analysis & Report 23 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Modelo de Estimativas Project Characteristics FPA or SLOC Staff Duration SLi. M Effort Reliability Modelo de Estimativas Project Characteristics FPA or SLOC Staff Duration SLi. M Effort Reliability EDS & Industry e 24 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Processo de Métricas Organizacional/Projeto CTTS 25 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights Processo de Métricas Organizacional/Projeto CTTS 25 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Processo de Métricas Organizacional/Projeto Pre. Sage 26 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All Processo de Métricas Organizacional/Projeto Pre. Sage 26 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Project Tracking Reports (PTR) - Coleta • Repositório Local do Projeto para coleta e Project Tracking Reports (PTR) - Coleta • Repositório Local do Projeto para coleta e análise das métricas definidas. • Possui todas as métricas, na respectiva granularidade, que precisam ser coletadas pelo projeto. 27 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Project Tracking Reports (PTR) – Análise • Suportado por gráficos pré-formatados que auxiliam o Project Tracking Reports (PTR) – Análise • Suportado por gráficos pré-formatados que auxiliam o processo de análise. 28 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Project Tracking Reports (PTR) – Consolidação Gen_Tables Pre_Rel_Defects _Cum_Tables Post_Rel_Defects_ Cum_Tables Unit_Test_ Tables Integration_T Project Tracking Reports (PTR) – Consolidação Gen_Tables Pre_Rel_Defects _Cum_Tables Post_Rel_Defects_ Cum_Tables Unit_Test_ Tables Integration_T est_Tables Release_Tables (PS only) Project Tracking Reports-Project 1 Project Tracking Reports–Project 2. . . Consolidation Process for Prod Supt work type Project Tracking Reports–Project N Consolidation Process for Dev+ work type Organizational Consolidated Tracking Reports Gen_Tables Pre_Rel_Defects _Cum_Tables Post_Rel_Defects_ Cum_Tables Unit_Test_ Tables © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved. Integration_T est_Tables Release_Tables (PS only) 29

Project Tracking Reports (PTR) – Consolidação (cont. ) Appl CR Tracking Corrective Actions Lessons Project Tracking Reports (PTR) – Consolidação (cont. ) Appl CR Tracking Corrective Actions Lessons Learned Project Tracking Reports - Project 1 Project Tracking Reports – Project 2. . . Project Tracking Reports – Project N MS-Access Tables Consolidation Process for Appl CR for Corrective Tracking (PS only) Actions Appl CR Tracking Table Corrective Actions Table Consolidation Process for Lessons Learned Table 30 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Métricas usadas como um meio de prevenção e ações proativas 31 © 2005 Electronic Métricas usadas como um meio de prevenção e ações proativas 31 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Processo de Métricas Organizacional/Projeto – Gerenciamento Quantitativo 32 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. Processo de Métricas Organizacional/Projeto – Gerenciamento Quantitativo 32 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Gerenciamento Quantitativo – QI Macro 33 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights Gerenciamento Quantitativo – QI Macro 33 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Alguns resultados do controle estatístico ü Melhoria da qualidade dos produtos (redução de defeitos) Alguns resultados do controle estatístico ü Melhoria da qualidade dos produtos (redução de defeitos) ü Aumento de produtividade; ü Redução de variabilidade; ü Melhorar eficiência de auditorias 34 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Manufatura – Redução de Defeitos • Project Quality Objective: Maintain the Design Review Defect Manufatura – Redução de Defeitos • Project Quality Objective: Maintain the Design Review Defect Detection Rate in greater or equal than 9. 68 defects per 100 pages of Design documentation until December 2005. • How: ensure correct review expertise assigned to the reviews in the different functionalities. 35 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Manufatura – Redução de Defeitos • Result: post-release defect reduction (and other additional benefits) Manufatura – Redução de Defeitos • Result: post-release defect reduction (and other additional benefits) 36 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Manufatura – Aumento de Produtividade • Project Process Performance Objective: Reduce the time spent Manufatura – Aumento de Produtividade • Project Process Performance Objective: Reduce the time spent in the solution of the ticket by 40% on April, 2005 • How: Ticket resolution procedures changes. • Additionally the project was able to improve response-time 37 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Telecom - Redução de Defeitos • Project Quality Objective: Increase Produce Internal Review Defect Telecom - Redução de Defeitos • Project Quality Objective: Increase Produce Internal Review Defect Detection Rate by 57% by June 2005 • How: creating review checklists 38 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Telecom - Redução de Defeitos • Result: external defects reduction (and additional benefits) 39 Telecom - Redução de Defeitos • Result: external defects reduction (and additional benefits) 39 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Transportes – Redução de Defeitos • Project Quality Objective: Increase the average of defect Transportes – Redução de Defeitos • Project Quality Objective: Increase the average of defect found in internal reviews to 1. 2 defects by task; Increase the “internal/total” rate of defects found to 71% until March 2005 • How: creating test scripts (along with reuse procedure) 40 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Transportes – Redução de Defeitos • Result: not yet able to obtain proof that Transportes – Redução de Defeitos • Result: not yet able to obtain proof that results have reduced defects found externally however projects is still performing investigation. 41 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Auditorias – Aumentar Eficiência • How: by implementing Virtual PC where customers require us Auditorias – Aumentar Eficiência • How: by implementing Virtual PC where customers require us to be directly connected to their network. 42 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Entendendo a capacidade destes processos podemos prever performance • How: by implementing Virtual PC Entendendo a capacidade destes processos podemos prever performance • How: by implementing Virtual PC where customers require us to be directly connected to their network. ü Prevendo performance de revisões ü Prevendo variação de estimativas 43 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Service Excellence Dashboard Voice of the Client Executive (CE) Feedback Service Performance Indicators (Delivery) Service Excellence Dashboard Voice of the Client Executive (CE) Feedback Service Performance Indicators (Delivery) Pre. Sage “Ninguém na indústria de TI tem algo similar ao Service Excellence Dashboard. . . Ele posiciona a EDS significativamente adiante dos principais competidores” Dean Davison, Meta Group 44 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Gerência de Configuração de Software Change Control Board Configuration Controller Check Out Controlled Environment Gerência de Configuração de Software Change Control Board Configuration Controller Check Out Controlled Environment Endevor Source. Safe Star. Team Work Area GSMSWorks Check In 45 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Controle de Mudanças Would you please…. Project Scope Mr. New Requirements Change Control COMPLAINTS Controle de Mudanças Would you please…. Project Scope Mr. New Requirements Change Control COMPLAINTS Software Configuration Management Mr. Defect 46 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Revisões de Conformidade (Produto) WP Review Report Draft 1. 0 A Make Corrections and Revisões de Conformidade (Produto) WP Review Report Draft 1. 0 A Make Corrections and Follow-Up Additional Review ? YES NO WP Criteria Work Prod. Sign-off Draft 1. 0 B SCM Tool Work Product 47 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Garantia da Qualidade (Processo) Project Workbook Processes SQA NCN/OBS Tracking SQA Report QA Criteria Garantia da Qualidade (Processo) Project Workbook Processes SQA NCN/OBS Tracking SQA Report QA Criteria 48 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Implementando Melhorias e Inovações Diagnostic Reports (PTRs, CAR LOG, Metrics Reports; Story. Boards etc) Implementando Melhorias e Inovações Diagnostic Reports (PTRs, CAR LOG, Metrics Reports; Story. Boards etc) Detailed CCB Meetings (GB; Innovation) Improvement Proposal Additional Pilot Improvement Prop. CCB Meetings (GB; Innovation) Documentation Go/No Go Organizational Repository Organizational Level Project Level Any Level 49 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Eliminando Causas de Defeitos Analisando as causas Selecionando … Organizational Measurement Plan Components Org. Eliminando Causas de Defeitos Analisando as causas Selecionando … Organizational Measurement Plan Components Org. Quality Plans Causal Analysis Organizational Repository Report Organizational Level Project Measurement Plan Components Project Level Project Quality Plans PTR (Corrective Actions) Implementando as ações Avaliando a efetividade Causal Analysis Metrics Analysis Report Meeting Metrics Analysis Registrando os resultados PTR (*) (Corrective Actions) Meeting - QM PTR (*) (Corrective Actions) Process / Technology changes; Meetings; Training etc Analisando as causas Organizational Repository 50 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Programa de Treinamento e Gerenciamento de Recursos Delivery Employee • Informações funcionário (SAP) • Programa de Treinamento e Gerenciamento de Recursos Delivery Employee • Informações funcionário (SAP) • Registros de treinamento local e corporativo • Avaliações • Planejamento dos treinamentos • Justificativas (“waivers”) • Matrizes de funções e treinamento requerido • Relatórios 51 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Programa de Treinamento e Gerenciamento de Recursos PMP • Avaliação performance funcionário • Ranqueamento Programa de Treinamento e Gerenciamento de Recursos PMP • Avaliação performance funcionário • Ranqueamento Evolve • Alocação de recursos • Análise de desalocação • Habilidades individuais e pesquisa • Currículos 52 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Repositório de Boas Práticas (BPR) 53 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights Repositório de Boas Práticas (BPR) 53 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Repositório de Boas Práticas (BPR) 54 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights Repositório de Boas Práticas (BPR) 54 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Números da Jornada 56 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved. Números da Jornada 56 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Alguns Benefícios da Melhoria de Processos Observados no Ambiente EDS (2001 -2005) • Redução Alguns Benefícios da Melhoria de Processos Observados no Ambiente EDS (2001 -2005) • Redução de defeitos em ambiente de produção da ordem de 15% ao ano. • Aumento da produtividade de suporte de aplicações em produção da ordem de 10 -12% ao ano. • Produtividade de entrega de pontos de função por mês acima da média do mercado internacional (Dados do ISBSG V 8). • Variação da estimativa de esforço e duração, sendo reduzida significativamente ao longo da jornada • O esforço gasto em atividades de gerenciamento de projeto teve pequeno aumento, provendo desta forma mais controle aos projetos (em linha com os demais indicadores acima). 57 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Os 10 Mandamentos da Melhoria Contínua 1. Terás um patrocinador 2. Seu SEPG será Os 10 Mandamentos da Melhoria Contínua 1. Terás um patrocinador 2. Seu SEPG será legendário 3. Não atinja apenas o nível 4. Use ferramentas para ajudá-lo 5. Mentore e treine adequadamente 6. Melhorar é um esforço corporativo 7. Trate melhoria contínua como um projeto 8. Defina seu(s) ciclo(s) de vida logo no início 9. Avalie-se periodicamente 10. Foque a mudança nos seus Gerentes de Projeto 58 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Como os 10 mandamentos não foram suficientes … 11. Tenha um bom time, bons Como os 10 mandamentos não foram suficientes … 11. Tenha um bom time, bons processos somente não ajudam 12. Acostume-se com o “processo de gangorra” 13. Aprenda a lidar com a falta de maturidade do usuário 14. Prepare-se para mudar pessoas, caso elas não mudem 15. Não use modelos como “Bíblias”, aplique o bom senso 16. Controle a entropia da organização 17. Pense grande, mas aja por etapas 18. Alinhe melhorias às estratégias de negócio da empresa 19. Use auditorias como um processo de mentoração também 20. Use pilotos em mudanças de grande impacto 59 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

Perguntas ? 60 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved. Perguntas ? 60 © 2005 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

13 Dez 2005 eds. com 03 -23 -05 3/18/2018 11: 17 AM 13 Dez 2005 eds. com 03 -23 -05 3/18/2018 11: 17 AM