10 的乘方 Powers of 10 界世 the

10 的乘方 Powers of 10 界世 the 看頭鏡 om fr rld ns wo a le he er e t am Se c 從由微視到巨視. From microscopic to macroscopic

這是一次高速旅行，每次都以 10倍的速度跳躍。 This is a high speed travel, jumping at the rate of 10 each time 0 1 從 10 開始（也就是 1 米）, 然後每次按照 10的乘方增加。從 10 (10 米), 2 3 4 10 (10 x 10 = 100 米）, 10 (10 x 10 = 1. 000 米), 10 (10 x 10 x 10 = 10. 000 米), 以此類推, 直至巨視世界的無盡。 2 Stating from 10 0 (ie. 1 meter), then increasing at the rate of to each time, from 10 1(10 m), 10 (10 x 10 = 100 m), 10 3 (10 x 10 = 1. 000 m), 10 4(10 x 10 x 10 = 10. 000 m), and so on, until to the macroscopic world of endless. 接下來讓我們先回到我們的起點，以比較快的速度，先從我們的起點往上走，然後再朝一個相反的方向，以 10的乘方減少我們的旅行距離，直至一個神奇的微視世界。 Let us go back to our starting point, with a faster speed, first from our starting point to go up, then moving in an opposite direction at the speed of the power of 10, reducing the travel distance, until to a mysterious microscopic world. 請仔細觀察宇宙恆定不變的規律，也請想一想作為人類還有多少是需要我們學習的. . . Please carefully observe the laws of “the universe is constant”, please think about how much human beings as we need to learn. . .

旅途一路順風﹗ Have a pleasant journey!

0 10 1 m 花園裡，從 1 米的距離看一束樹葉 In the garden, from a distance of 1 m to see a bunch of leaves

10 1 10 m 將我們的視線向上移，我們看到的是一片植物. With our eye sight moving up, we see a plant.

10 2 100 m 在這個距離，我們看到了樹林的邊界以及給我們的教誨 At this distance, we see the forest boundary

10 3 1 km 現下我們將從米進入到千米. . 現下有可能需要降落傘了. . . Now we are into kilometers from meters… We may need a parachute. . .

10 4 10 km 我們由此可以看到整個城市的面貌，但是我們確實已經看不清每棟房子了 We can see the whole picture of the city, but we can not see each house clearly

10 5 100 km 從這個高度，可以看到美國佛羅裡達州. . From this height, we can see Florida, USA. .

10 6 1. 000 km 這是典型的從人造衛星的視野 This is a typical view from the satellite

10 7 10. 000 km 北半球，和南美洲的部分 The northern hemisphere, and part of the south America

10 8 100. 000 km 此刻，地球看起來很小了. . . The earth looks very small now. . .

10 9 1 百萬 km 1 million km 地球和月亮的營運軌道，是白色的. . The orbit of the moon and earth, in white. . .

10 10 1千萬 km 10 million km 地球軌道的一部分，是藍色的 Part of the earth orbit, in blue

10 11 100 百萬 km 100 million km 金星和地球的軌道. . . The orbits of the Venus and the Earth. . .

10 12 1 0 億 km 1 billion km 水星、金星、地球和木星的軌道 The orbits of the Mercury, Venus, Earth and Saturn

10 13 100億 km 10 billion km 從這個高度，我們能看到太陽系和行星營運的軌道 From this height, we can see the orbit of the solar system and planets

10 14 1000 億 km 100 billion km 太陽系看起來變得有點小了. . . The solar system seems to become a little smaller. . .

10 15 1 萬億 km 1 trillion km 此刻，太陽看起來就是眾多恆星中的一顆. . . At this moment, the sun looks like just one star among the number of stars…

10 16 1 光年 1 light-year 從 1光年的距離看，太陽看起來很小了 From the distance of 1 light-year, the sun looks very small

10 17 10 光年 10 light-year 在這個無窮大的宇宙裡，我們什麼也看不到. . In this infinite universe, we could not see anything …

10 18 100 光年 100 light-year “什麼也沒有 ” 看到的僅剩下恆星和星雲. . . “Nothing" leaves only the stars and nebulae…

10 19 1, 000 光年 1, 000 light-year 從這個距離，我們開始在銀河和銀河系旅行了. From this distance, we began to travel in the galaxy and the Milky Way

10 20 10, 000 光年 10, 000 light-year 我們繼續在銀河系中遨游. We continue to travel in the Milky Way.

10 21 100, 000 光年 100, 000 light-year 我們開始接觸銀河系的外圍了 We came into contact with the periphery of the Milky Way

10 22 1 百萬光年從這個遙遠的距離，我們不僅能看到銀河系，還能看到其他的星系了. . .

10 23 1千萬光年 10 million light-year 從這個距離看，所有的星系看起來都變得很小，星系之間相距遙遠. From this distance, all galaxies appear to have become very small and far-off each other. 同樣的法則統治著宇宙的每一個組成部分. The same law rules in every part of the universe. 我們能繼續隨著我們的想像往遠處走，但是，現下我們還是快點回家去吧。 We can continue with our imaginations to go the distance, but now let’s go home.

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10 4 有一個問題跳進我們的大腦. . . 我們是誰？我們將去什麼地方？我們從何而來？ A question jumped into our brains. . . Who are we? Where will we go? Where did we come from?

10 3 或者. . . 在宇宙中，我們代表什麼? Or. . . in the universe, what do we represent?

10 2 這次旅行中， “往上走”把我們帶到了10 的23次方的距離。 This trip, "going up" took us to the distance of the 23 power of 10.

10 1 現下，我們轉向另一個方向，去挖掘事物的內部. . . Now, we turn to another direction, to dig things inside. . .

10 0 現下我們回到了本次旅行的起點，這個距離我們能用我們的手臂夠到. . . Now we returned to the starting point of this trip, this distance we can reach with our arms. .

10 -1 10 cm 逐漸靠近直到 10 cm的距離，我們能描繪樹葉的樣子了. Gradually close to the 10 cm distance, we can describe the look of the leaves

10 -2 1 cm 從這個距離，我們能觀察到樹葉的架構. From this distance, we can observe the structure of the leaves.

10 -3 1 mm 細胞組織開始得以展現. . . Tissue began to show. . .

10 -4 100 微米 100 micrometer 此時，細胞得以清晰的展現. At this point, cells can be clearly saw. 你可以看到細胞之間是怎樣結合起來的. You can see how cells combined between each other.

10 -5 10 微米 10 micrometer 我們的旅行將進入到細胞內部. . . We will travel into the interior of the cell. . .

10 -6 1 微米 1 micrometer 可以看到細胞的核子. You can see the cell nucleus.

10 -7 1. 000 埃1. 000 Angstrom （一億分之一厘米） A: One hundred million to one centimeter 我們再次更改我們的測量單位來觀察更微小的事物。 Once again, we change our unit of measurement to observe the finer things. 現下你可以看到細胞的染色體了。 Now you can see the chromosomes of cells.

10 -8 100埃 100 Angstrom （一億分之一厘米）在這個微視世界裡，可以看到細胞DNA鏈. In this micro world, you can see the DNA chain of the cell.

10 -9 10埃 10 Angstrom （一億分之一厘米）. . . 可以開始研究染色體塊了. . Can begin to study the chromosome.

10 -10 1埃（一億分之一厘米） 1 Angstrom 這看起來像是電子的雲從，這些是形成我們世界的碳原子. This looks like a cloud of electrons, from these is the formation of carbon atoms of our world. 世界的景觀和巨視世界的景觀是如此相似. . . You will find that micro-macro world view is so similar. . .

10 -11 10 皮可米（百億分之一米） 10 pico-meter 在這個迷你世界裡，我們能觀察到電子圍繞原子營運 In this mini-world, we can observe the electron run around the atomic

10 -12 1皮可米（百億分之一米） 1 pico-meter 核子和電子營運軌道之間是一個無限的空闊的世界. . . Between nuclear and electron orbit is a world of infinite open. . .

10 -13 100 飛米 100 femto-meter 從這個難以置信的微視世界裡，我們可以觀察到原子核. From this incredible micro world, we can observe the nucleus. 1飛米＝ 1000 皮米 1 femto-meter= 1000 pico-meter

10 -14 10 飛米 10 femto-meter 現下我們可以觀察到碳原子核 Now we can observe the carbon nucleus

10 -15 1 飛米 1 femto-meter 現下我們進入科學想像的領域，與質子面對面了. Now we enter the field of scientific imagination, face to face with a proton.

-16 10 100 Atómeters 仔細研究一下夸克粒子現下我們沒辦法再走近了. . . 我們已經處於目前的科學能到達的邊界了. 這是事物的邊界了. . . A closer look at quarks Now we can not be more approached. . . We have reached at the current boundaries of science. This is the boundary of the things. . .

那麼現下想想. . . 你是宇宙的中心嗎？? 你是世界萬物中的一個特殊的創造物嗎？在這些邊界外是什麼東西呢？有所謂的“邊界”嗎？請注意，往“下”我們只能走到 10的16 a的距離，然後到達事物的邊界（我們目前的知識所能到達的邊界）. . . 但是往上，我們到了 10的 23 a 的距離然後停下來了. . . 但是，實際上，我們能隨著我們的想像力繼續我們的旅行!!!!. . . 那麼? . . . 誰說我們是獨自生活在世界上的? So now think about it. . . are you the center of the universe? ? Are you a special creation among all things in the world ? What are they outside the boundaries? Is there a so-called "border"? Please note, go "down" we can only go 10 to 16 a of the distance, and then to the border of things (what boundaries we can reach the of with our knowledge). . . but go up, we went to the distance of the 23 power of 10 and then stop. . . but, in fact, we can continue our imagination as we travel!!!!. . . So? . . . Who says we are to live alone in the world?

Hubble 哈勃太空望远镜 The Hubble Space Telescope

The Hubble Space Telescope is a robotic telescope located on the outer edge of the atmosphere, in circular orbit around the Earth at 593 km above sea level, with an orbital period between 96 and 97 minutes at a speed 28, 000 km / h. Named as a tribute to Edwin Hubble, was launched into orbit on 24 April 1990 as a joint project of NASA and ESA, thus inaugurating the Great Observatories program. Cylindrically shaped Hubble weighs 11 tons. Its length is 13. 2 m and its maximum diameter is 4. 2 meters. The telescope can obtain images with higher optical resolution 0. 1 seconds of arc. 哈勃太空望远镜是一个位於外大气层的机器人望远镜，在海拔五百九十三公里的环形轨道上围绕地球，轨道周期为 96和97分钟，它以 2. 8万公里的时速沿太空轨道运行，命名埃德温哈勃。作为美国航太局和欧空局的一个联合项目，1990年 4月24日哈勃太空望远镜发射进入轨道，从而开创了大天文台进程。圆柱状哈勃太空望远镜重量 11吨。其长度为 13. 2米，最大直径为 4. 2米。这架望远镜能够获得更高的光学图像的0. 1弧秒的角分辨率。

The International Space Station 国际航空站

View from inside the ship 从舱內鸟瞰地球

Hubble 哈勃太空望远镜

First we see the Galaxy Hat, also called M 104 in the Messier catalog, distance of about 28 million light-years it is considered the best photograph taken by Hubble. 首先，我们看到银河系红帽，在梅西尔目录也称为M 104，距离约为 28万光年它被认为是最好的照片由哈勃拍摄。

Now the famous nebula MZ 3, called Formic, between 3000 and 6000 light years. 現在是著名的MZ 3星云，被称为蚂蚁星云，距离为 3000和6000光年之間。

Third is the Eskimo Nebula NGC 2392 located 5000 light years. 第三次是爱斯基摩星云NGC 2392，星系距离 5000光年。

Fourth, we can recognize the impressive Nebula Cat's Eye. 第四，我们可以见识到的令人印象深刻的貓眼星云。

Fifth, here is the Hourglass Nebula located 8000 light years away, a beautiful nebula with a narrowing in its central part. 第五，这里是沙漏星云距离 8000光年远，在其核心处有一個美丽的正在縮小的星团。

In sixth place we see the Cone Nebula, 2. 5 light-years. 在第六处，我们看到了锥形星云，距离 2. 5光年

Seventh, we find a fragment of the Swan Nebula, located at 5500 light years away, described as "a bubbling ocean of hydrogen with small amounts of oxygen, sulfur and other elements“ 第七，我们看到天鵝星云的一部分，距离 5500光年，被称为“由氢与少量氧，硫和其它元素组成的冒泡海洋”

Eighth, a beautiful picture called “Starry Night“ 第八，是一個被称为“星夜”的美丽图片

In ninth place, two swirling galaxies, the NGC 2207 and IC 2163 located 114 million light-years. 在第九的位置，兩个漩渦星系，NGC 2207和IC 2163，距离地球一亿一千四百万光年。

Tenth, we see a fragment of the Trifid Nebula, a stellar cradle to 9000 light-years. 第十，我们看到三叶星云的一个部分，它是"恒星育儿室", 距离地球大约 9000光年。

More pictures from Hubble 更多图片来自哈勃太空望远镜

Voyager 1 旅行者1号

Current Status of Voyager 1 (102 A-U) 旅行者1号(102 – U)現状

The dwarf planet 2003 UB 313 (Eris) 矮行星 2003 UB 313 (厄里斯)

Comet Halley 哈雷慧星

M 16: Eagle Nebula M 16：天鹰座星云

M 57: Ring Nebula 环状星云

Nebula RCW 79星云

NGC 2237: The Rosette Nebula NGC 2237：玫瑰星云

M 42: Orion Nebula M 42: 猎戶座星云

Proto-star 天王星

Milky Way (the red mark indicates our Sun) 银河（红色标记表明我们的太阳）

Black hole 太空黑洞

NGC 4414 星系 4414

Earth with clouds 地球与云彩

Earth without clouds 地球没有云彩

The Earth with the moon rising 地球与上升的月球

The Earth with the New Moon 地球与新月

The Earth with the Full Moon 地球和月球滿月

The Sun with the atmosphere 太阳与大气层

Atmosphere without the sun 没有太阳时的大气层

Venus cloudless 金星万里无云

Venus with clouds 金星的云层

Mercury 水星

Mars 火星

Phobos and Deimos in orbit around Mars 哈勃环绕火星的轨道

Jupiter 木星

The 8 closest satellites orbiting Jupiter 8 最接近木星的卫星轨道

Saturn 土星

Satellites in orbit around Saturn 在围绕土星的轨道上的卫星

Uranus 天王星

Satellites orbiting Uranus 天王星卫星轨道

Neptune 海王星

Satellites in orbit around Neptune 围绕海王星轨道上的卫星

Nereid and Triton orbits Neptune 海卫一(Nereid)和海卫二(Triton)的海王星轨道

Pluto 冥王星

Charon orbiting Pluto 卫星”卡戎”绕冥王星的轨道

The Milky Way 银河系

The words are useless when we are confronted with such monuments of light and color. We can meet with the Eagle Nebula or M 16 in the constellation Serpens is a window in the middle of the starry night. On the inside, clusters of young stars are in the process of creation, creating a wonderful spectacle of gaseous emissions. 我们面对这样的光线和色彩的遗迹时，这些话是没有用的。我们可以见到巨蛇星座中的鹰星云（或 M 16）它们只是在深夜满天星斗的一个窗口。在宇宙里面，年轻的恒星群正在生成过程中，形成一个美好壮观而气势磅礴的景象。