1 WELCOME AND OVERVIEW OF USAID S ENVIRONMENTAL PROCEDURES

1. WELCOME AND OVERVIEW OF USAID’S ENVIRONMENTAL PROCEDURES LOCATION MONTH YEAR

GROUP INTRODUCTIONS 3/19/2018 Introduction, Core Concepts, and Procedures 2

TRAINING LEARNING OUTCOMES 1. Understand core concepts that underlie USAID’s approach to environmental compliance 2. Comprehend basics of USAID’s environmental procedures 3. Identify environmental compliance requirements over USAID’s program cycle, including roles and responsibilities 4. Appreciate why these requirements are important to development outcomes 5. Learn key concepts, practice key skills, and become acquainted with key resources needed for compliance over the project cycle. 3/19/2018 Introduction, Core Concepts, and Procedures 3

CORE CONCEPT: THE GOAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE Environmental compliance is NOT just paperwork; it is a framework to assure that: • Environmental and social risks are minimized (i. e. , prevention) • Projects are designed to maximize economic, social, and environmental benefits via application of best practices The Goal is Sustainable Development 3/19/2018 Introduction, Core Concepts, and Procedures 4

CORE CONCEPT: USAID’S DEFINITION OF ENVIRONMENT The complex of physical, chemical, and biotic factors that affect and influence the growth, development, and survival of an organism or an ecological community and The complex of social and cultural conditions affecting the nature of an individual or community 3/19/2018 Introduction, Core Concepts, and Procedures 5

CORE CONCEPT: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT • A formal process for identifying: • Likely effects of activities or projects on the environment, and on human health and welfare • Means and measures to mitigate and monitor adverse effects • Internationally relatively standardized, good practices well-understood For USAID, the EIA process is defined by 22 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 216 and Is designed to be consistent with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) 3/19/2018 Introduction, Core Concepts, and Procedures 6

USAID’S ENVIRONMENTAL PROCEDURES: THREE PILLARS 1. Federal statute, regulation and executive order – 22 CFR 216, underpinned by NEPA – FAA Sections 117, 118, 119 USAID Environmental Procedures ce Bes t Pr acti ncy ives em Syst Age irect Introduction, Core Concepts, and Procedures ed D 3/19/2018 – Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plans (EMMP) – Including environmental compliance as part of regular project reporting mat 3. Best Practices Required via approved Reg 216 documentation Auto – Automated Directives System (ADS) Federal regulation and legal requirements 2. Agency Operating Policy 7

USAID’S ENVIRONMENTAL PROCEDURES: ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE OVERVIEW Environmental considerations integrated early in project design process to reduce risk and increase sustainability 22 CFR 216 Process / ADS 22 CFR 216 documentation Request for Categorical Exclusion, Initial Environmental Examination (IEE), or Environmental Assessment (EA). Must be approved by MD & BEO before obligation of funds. Awards require IP Compliance with 22 CFR 216 documentation Agreement Officer’s Representative/Contracting Officers Representative (AOR/COR) monitors IP compliance & modifies or ends activities not in compliance 3/19/2018 Introduction, Core Concepts, and Procedures Environmental compliance is assessed annually as part of formal Mission (operating unit) reporting. 8

USAID’S ENVIRONMENTAL PROCEDURES: ORIGINS & MANDATES • 1970: NEPA – Requires United States Government (USG) agencies to assess the potential environmental and social impacts of their actions • Early 1970 s: Malathion – Unsafe use of the pesticide malathion by USAID/Pakistan project — 5 dead, 100 s poisoned – Consortium of US Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO) sued USAID to force it to comply with NEPA • 1975: Settlement and Development – In court settlement, USAID agreed to develop procedures for NEPA implementation that became 22 CFR 216 • The mandate has been reinforced repeatedly by the President and Congress 3/19/2018 Introduction, Core Concepts, and Procedures 9

USAID’S ENVIRONMENTAL PROCEDURES: APPLICABILITY • Environmental compliance procedures apply to all* USAIDfunded and USAID-managed programs and activities, including: – Substantive amendments or extensions to ongoing activities – Non-project assistance * Exemptions are very limited, principally disaster assistance. (216. 2(b); ADS 204. 3. 10) 3/19/2018 Introduction, Core Concepts, and Procedures 10

USAID’S ENVIRONMENTAL PROCEDURES: RESPONSIBILITIES WITHIN USAID Project Design Team Lead, AOR/COR if designated Assures approved 22 CFR 216 documentation is in place prior to obligation/implementation. Mission Environmental Officers (MEO), Regional Environmental Advisors (REA) Advice; quality gatekeepers Mission Director Clears* 22 CFR 216 documents. Ultimately responsible for compliance Bureau Environmental Officer (BEO) Concurs on 22 CFR 216 documents AOR/COR or AM Oversees compliance with IEE/Environmental Assessment conditions; makes sure activities stay within the scope of approved 22 CFR 216 documentation. 3/19/2018 Introduction, Core Concepts, and Procedures 11

USAID’S ENVIRONMENTAL PROCEDURES: RESPONSIBILITIES USAID Implementing Partner • Assures approved 22 CFR 216 documentation in place • Establishes and approves environmental mitigation & monitoring conditions • Oversees compliance with these conditions, a core part of AOR/COR responsibilities 3/19/2018 • Implements environmental management conditions established in 22 CFR 216 documentation • Reports on implementation to USAID Introduction, Core Concepts, and Procedures 12

THE BOTTOM LINE USAID IS A DEVELOPMENT AGENCY. ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT ARE INSEPARABLE. Good development does not simply respond to external environmental challenges GETTING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT RIGHT MEANS: Being AWARE of potential adverse impacts on ecosystems, environmental resources, and environmental quality PROACTIVELY seeking to limit adverse impacts, particularly where they affect health and livelihoods 3/19/2018 Introduction, Core Concepts, and Procedures 13