1. The team’s abysmal performance in conference play destroyed any hope of competing for the national championship? • Abysmal - adj Parts: a (without); bussos (bottom); al (related to) Educated Guess: • Definition: Extremely bad • Synonyms: terrible, appalling, dreadful, awful • Antonyms: amazing, formidable, stunning, remarkable • Variant forms: abyss (noun) Context Phrase: • • •
2. He surprised his girlfriend with his gift of an anthology of Shakespeare’s poetry. • • • Anthology - noun Parts: anthos (flowers); logy (study, collection) Educated Guess: • Definition: A published collection of literary pieces (poems, short stories, plays) songs, reproductions of paintings Synonyms: collection, compilation • Antonyms: na • Variant forms: anthologize (verb); anthologist (noun) Context Phrase: • •
3. The bellicose nations boycotted the peace negotiations conducted by the United Nations • • • Bellicose - adjective Parts: bell (war); ose ( having the quality of) Educated Guess: • Definition: Demonstrating aggression and willingness to fight; Eager to fight; Warlike in manner or temperament • Synonyms: pugnacious; belligerent; warmongering • Antonyms: peaceful; conciliatory; placid; agreeable • Variant forms: bellicosity (n); bellicosely (adv. ) Context Phrase: •
4. The entrepreneur offered his house and stocks as collateral for the new business. • • • Collateral - noun Parts: col (together); later (side); al (related to) Educated Guess: • Definition: Security pledged as repayment for a loan; Side by side; Additional but subordinate (adj. ) like collateral damage in a war Synonyms: security; parallel, secondary (adj) • Antonyms: primary (adj) • Variant forms: na Context Phrase: • •
5. The doctor recommended she move to Arizona to convalesce in a warmer climate. • • • Convalesce - verb Parts: con(together, with); val(strong); esce(beginning to Educated Guess: • Definition: To recover one’s health and strength over a period of time after an illness • Synonyms: recuperate, improve, recover • Antonyms: relapse, decline, weaken • Variant forms: convalescence (noun) convalescent (adj) Context Phrase: •
6. The weight loss commercials delude some people to think that they can lose fifty pounds safely and effortlessly in only one month. • Delude - verb Parts: de (down, from); lud (play, mock) Educated Guess: • Definition: To impose a misleading belief upon someone • Synonyms: deceive, fool, mislead, trick • Antonyms: apprise, inform, verify, substantiate, confirm • Variant forms: delusion (noun) delusional (adj) Context Phrase: • • •
7. The arms and legs of a malnourished child are emaciated, but the stomach is often distended. • Distended - verb Parts: dis (apart, away) tend (stretch) Educated Guess: • Definition: To swell or expand as from internal pressure • Synonyms: swell, inflate, bloat, bulge, protrude • Antonyms: deflate, decrease, shrink, contract • Variant forms: distension (noun) Context Phrase: • • •
8. The teacher’s equanimity during the tornado calmed the frightened children. • • • Equanimity - noun Parts: equ (same); anim (spirit); ity (state of) Educated Guess: • Definition: Mental calmness, composure, and evenness of temper, especially in difficult times • Synonyms: composure, sangfroid, serenity, tranquility • Antonyms: hysteria, passion, ardor, rage, anger, fury • Variant forms: na Context Phrase: •
9. The parents grounded the fractious child to teach her to use better judgment. • • • Fractious - adjective Parts: fract (break); ious (full of) Educated Guess: • Definition: Inclined to make trouble (break the rules); Having an irritable nature • Synonyms: unruly, petulant, peevish, disobedient • Antonyms: obedient, dutiful, agreeable, compliant • Variant forms: na Context Phrase: •
10. Some philosophers propose that evil is inherent in the nature of man • • • Inherent - adjective Parts: in (in, into); her (stick); ent (full of) Educated Guess: • Definition: Existing in something as a permanent, essential, or characteristic attribute; Invested in someone as a right or privilege Synonyms: innate, essential, basic, implicit, inalienable • Antonyms: acquired, external • Variant forms: inherence (noun); inherently (adv) Context Phrase: • •
11. Offended by the defendant’s insolent tone of voice, the judge imposed the maximum sentence. • • • Insolent - adjective Parts: in (not); solere (to be accustomed); ent (full of) Educated Guess: • Definition: Showing a rude and arrogant lack of respect; Audaciously impudent; Presumptuous and insulting in manner or speech Synonyms: rude, impertinent, disrespectful, offensive • Antonyms: respectful, courteous, polite, mannerly • Variant forms: insolence (n); insolently (adv) Context Phrase: • •
12. Candidates for this scholarship must demonstrate excellent academic achievement and irreproachable character. • Irreproachable - adjective Parts: ir(not); re(again, back); prop(near) able(capable of) Educated Guess: • Definition: Beyond criticism • Synonyms: faultless, blameless, unblemished, honest • Antonyms: censurable, questionable, indictable, doubtful • Variant forms: irreproachability(n); irreproachably (adv) Context Phrase: • • •
13. The seats in the mezzanine are not the most expensive, but they provide a good view. • • • Mezzanine - noun Parts: medi (middle); ine (belonging to) Educated Guess: • Definition: A partial story between two main stories of a building; The lowest balcony in a theater or the first few rows of that balcony Synonyms: na • Antonyms: na • Variant forms: na Context Phrase: • •
14. Buying this expensive new car will obliterate my savings account. • • • Obliterate - verb Parts: ob (against); liter (letter, word) ate (cause, make) Educated Guess: to erase • Definition: To do away with completely so as to leave no trace; To wipe out • Synonyms: eradicate, eliminate, annihilate, extirpate • Antonyms: na • Variant forms: obliteration (noun) Context Phrase: •
15. The obsequious waiter annoyed us by constantly interrupting out dinner to ask whether we needed anything. • • • Obsequious - Adjective Parts: ob (against); sequ (follow); ious (full of) Educated Guess: • Definition: Obedient or attentive to an excessive or servile degree • Synonyms: fawning, groveling, cringing, sycophantic • Antonyms: inattentive, discourteous, impolite, insolent • Variant forms: obsequiously (adv) obsequiousness (n) Context Phrase: •
16. We soon became accustomed to the fragrance of the candles that pervaded the store. • Pervade - verb Parts: per (through); vad (go) Educated Guess: • Definition: To pass or spread through every part • Synonyms: permeate, suffuse, diffuse, saturate • Antonyms: na • Variant forms: pervasive (adj) pervasively (adv) Context Phrase: • • •
17. Not long ago people, including some scientists, insisted that genetic engineering and cloning were preposterous ideas. • • • Preposterous - adj. Parts: pre (before); post (after); ous(full of) Educated Guess: putting the last first • Definition: Contrary to nature, reason, and commons sense • Synonyms: ridiculous, ludicrous, laughable, weird • Antonyms: logical, rational, plausible, sensible • Variant forms: preposterously (adv) Context Phrase: •
18. Some critics called the captain pusillanimous because he saved himself while others went down with the ship. • Pusillanimous - adj. Parts: pusillus(very small) anim (spirit, soul) ous (full of) Educated Guess: • Definition: Lacking courage • Synonyms: cowardly, timid, timorous, fearful • Antonyms: brave, courageous, fearless, intrepid, heroic • Variant forms: pusillanimity (n) pusillanimously (adv) Context Phrase: • • •
19. Many students found his lecture, replete with sesquipedalian vocabulary, intellectually challenging. • • • Sesquipedalian - adjective Parts: sesqui(one and one half) ped (foot) ian (related to) Educated Guess: a foot and a half long • Definition: Polysyllabic; Characterized by long words; Long winded; A long word (n) • Synonyms: ponderous, grandiloquent, verbose, lengthy • Antonyms: monosyllabic, short, terse, succinct • Variant forms: na Context Phrase: •
20. Many plants, like orchids, grow better in terra cotta than in plastic pots. • • • Terra cotta - noun Parts: terra (earth); cotta (baked) Educated Guess: • Definition: A hard, semi-fired, waterproof ceramic clay used in pottery and building construction; ceramic wares made of this material; a brownish orange (adj) Synonyms: na • Antonyms: na • Variant forms: na Context Phrase: • •
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