1 The Role of High Performance Doors

1 The Role of High Performance Doors & Hardware in Energy Efficient Buildings Program Number AA 3004 USGBC Course Number 0090005701 Presented By: Aaron Smith, LEED AP BD+ C Director Sustainable Building Solutions 612. 325. 5719 asmith@assaabloydss. com ASSA ABLOY is the global leader in door opening solutions, dedicated to satisfying end-user needs for security, safety and convenience

ASSA ABLOY Door Security Solutions § 90 Door Opening Consultants throughout the U. S. § Consulting and specification writing services to architects, interior designers, building owners, facility managers, security consultants § Door opening solutions specified to meet the needs of your project § Meet requirements for security, life safety, convenience, aesthetics, and sustainability § Specialize in K-12, university, healthcare, commercial, military, government, hospitality, and retail door opening solutions

Global Team of Experts Affiliations: § Door and Hardware Institute (DHI) § American Institute of Architects (AIA) § Construction Specifications Institute (CSI) § International Interior Design Association (IIDA) § American Society for Industrial Security (ASIS) § United States Green Building Council (USGBC) Designations: § AHC | Architectural Hardware Consultants § CDC | Certified Door Consultants § CDT | Construction Documents Technologists § LEED GA/AP | LEED Accredited Professionals § PSP | ASIS Physical Security Professionals

Architectural Consulting by Project Phase § Integrated Design and BIM (all project phases) SD § Code Compliance Review § Try-Me Program product samples § Survey & Walkthrough of Existing Facilities DD § Coordination with building systems & related trades § Integrated, Sustainable & Aesthetic Design Solutions § Green your Division 8 Specifications CD § Door & Hardware Schedules assistance § Value Analysis, Sustainability Analysis § Review of Shop Drawings & Submittals CA § Jobsite inspection & Punch lists § Technical Support

AIA Continuing Education System § ASSA ABLOY Door Security Solutions is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to the CES Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non. AIA members are available upon request. § This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education (HSW & SD). As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.

GBCI Continuing Education System § The U. S. Green Building Council (USGBC) has approved the technical and instructional quality of this course for 1 GBCI CE Hours towards the LEED Credential Maintenance Program. § ASSA ABLOY is an USGBC Education Provider committed to enhancing the ongoing professional development of the building industry and LEED Professionals through high -quality education programs. As a USGBC Education Provider, ASSA ABLOY has agreed to abide by USGBC established operational and educational criteria, and is subject to annual reviews and audits for quality assurance.

Copyright Materials § This presentation is protected by US and International Copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without written permission of the speaker is prohibited. § © ASSA ABLOY Door Security Solutions 2011 § Please indicate on the Sign-in Sheet whether you would like an electronic copy of the presentation.

Learning Objectives § At the conclusion of this program, participants will: § Understand the importance of high-performance door and hardware solutions in energy efficient and net zero buildings. § Know the difference between Calculated and Operable U factors and air infiltration for optimal door opening energy efficiency. § Identify doors, gaskets, hardware and frames available and their effects on the efficiency of the building envelope. § Learn how Green codes & BIM will change the future of door opening specifications. § What else would you like to learn? energy

Energy & Atmosphere § According to the U. S. Green Building Council (USGBC): § In the United States alone, buildings account for: ú 72% of electricity consumption ú 39% of energy use ú 38% of all carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions

Energy Efficiency – Envelope Design § High-performance doors and hardware play an important role in enhancing building energy efficiency § A few basic measures can be taken to improve thermal integrity of doorways in the building envelope § Building design can optimize energy performance § Stack pressure within a building forces air through any opening, causing the heating/cooling system to work harder ú Need to create an airtight building envelope ú Acts as a barrier to lessen thermal exchange Fairmont Pittsburgh – LEED Gold

Energy & Atmosphere - Doors & Hardware impact on buildings § Approx 40% of energy leakage comes from the building envelope* § Floors, Walls & Ceilings – 31% § Windows - 10% § Doors - 11% § *Tony Woods, Air tight buildings, 2005 Richard S. Duncan, Ph. D. , P. E. Technical Director Spray Polyurethane Foam Alliance *

Code/LEED requirements for Opaque Swinging Door specifications § Use door openings that exceed ASHRAE 90. 1 -2007 Standards by a minimum 5% for remodel and 10% for new § Operable U Values § Calculated using ASTM C 1363 § Operable Air Infiltration § Calculated using ASTM E 283 14

Energy Efficiency – Calculated vs. Operable Values § ASTM C 1363 is the most current test standard for operable thermal transmittance, replacing ASTM C 236 § ASTM E 283 is the most current test standard for operable air infiltration to meet 189. 1 and IGCC

New Mandatory Green Codes § IGCC 2012 & ASHRAE 189. 1 – § Standard 189. 1 is a set of technically rigorous requirements, which like the IGCC, covers criteria including water use efficiency, indoor environmental quality, energy efficiency, materials and resource use, and the building’s impact on its site and its community § 30% improvement over 2006 IECC § 189. 1 Adopted by US Army Corps of Engineers § Reflects the AIA 2030 Commitment § Requires better fenestration § ACE, GSA and State of have envelope allowance cfm/sf 2 Washington infiltration at. 25 P

Security System Assemblies Closing & Latching Thermal Break and Kerf Frames EAC Insulated Core Doors Thresholds/Door Bottoms/Gasketing

Kerf Frames § Kerf frames § Specially designed frames feature a groove along the frame section that comes in contact with the door edge § Simplifies installation of weatherstripping § Serves as a convenient channel to install weatherstripping without using additional fasteners § Weatherstripping easily removable

Thermal Break Frames § Thermal break frames can improve an opening’s U-factor § Since door frames are made of metal, a thermal break consisting of an insulated material is needed to stop heat transmission ú Reduce heat loss ú Prevent frost/condensation ú Provides a positive thermal break within the frame profile ú Delivers maximum protection against cold penetration ú Ideal for openings exposed to extreme cold ú Weatherstripping easily removable

Insulated Door Types § Insulated doors boost the R-factor of an opening § Hollow metal doors commonly used in building envelope § Constructed from sheet metal in 20 -18, 16 - and 14 -gauge thickness § Core or interior space can be filled with insulated material ú Polystyrene ú Polyurethane Core

Calculated vs Operable Values Actual installed performance

Sealing the Gaps § What is air infiltration? § Air infiltration: A measurement of the air leakage around the perimeter of a door opening § CFM = Cubic Feet per Minute § Example of air infiltration test results: 90. 1 -2007 = Air leakage <. 4 cfm/sf 2 189. 1 -2009 = Air leakage <. 2 cfm/sf 2

Gasketing & Weatherstripping § Gasketing available in several materials § § Silicone Santoprene (100% recyclable- avoid Chloroprene/Neoprene) Vinyl Polypropylene § Materials are flexible § Do not impede door operation § Available in varying Grades to meet conditions of different climate zones § Look for products that meet or exceed ANSI 156. 22 Door Gasketing and Edge Seal Systems standards

Thresholds, Door Bottoms, Gasket Accessibility standards requires thresholds be a maximum of 1/2” high 24

ANSI/BHMA Standard A 156. 13 Mortise Locks & Latches (Series 1000) Cycle Testing Mortise ANSI/BHMA A 156. 13 standard for cycle testing Min Cycles Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 1, 000 800, 000

Energy Efficiency – Door Closers § Overcoming stack pressure § Stack pressure created by differences between inside and outside air pressure ú Can create a strong rush of air to flow out that overpowers the closing cycle of the door closer ú Door may stay open longer than intended or fail to latch shut ú Properly sized closer needed to overcome stack pressure

DOOR CLOSERS – SURFACE MOUNTED Cycle Testing: 10+ Million Warranties: 10+ yrs Materials: 1 ½” Dia. Piston 33 Arms Features: Forged Arms 5 Painted Finishes 7 Plated Finishes Functions: Delayed Action 36 Levers Styles 11 Finishes 11 Functions Windstorm Rated 2, 000 Million 1 yrs 1 ¼” Dia. Piston 3 Arms Stamped Arms 2 Painted Finishes No Plated Finishes Delayed Action 36 Levers Styles 11 Finishes 11 Functions Windstorm Rated

EXIT DEVICES All grade 1 locks are not created equal! Cycle Testing: Warranties: Materials: Features: Functions: High End Grade 1 10 Million 5 yrs S. S. Latchbolt S. S. Case 36 Levers Styles 11 Finishes 11 Functions Windstorm Rated Mid Price Point 500, 000 1 yrs S. S. Hollow Latchbolt Brass/Aluminum Case 4 Levers Styles 4 Finishes 6 Functions No Windstorm

Exit Devices with Electric Latch Retraction (ELR) § Yet another opportunity for energy savings § Driven by motor instead of solenoid, electricity savings per activation can easily exceed 50%. § Available with Harmony Series Integrated Wiegand Exit Devices Competitive Solenoid Design Inrush during retraction Competitive Motor Design ELR- Motor Design 16 AMP 2 AMP . 6 AMP . 35 A . 25 A Maintained while dogged 29

Traditional Access Control Power Supply Access Controller Optical Request to Exit Device Reader Interface § Many discreet components create a larger environmental impact § Additional wiring § More processing and packaging 30 Wiegand Card Reader Electric Strike

Integrated Access Control Integrated Wiegand § Integrating all of these functions into a single integrated lockset reduces the number of manufactured components required at each door 31

IP-Enabled Access Control Wi. Fi § IP-Enabled Wi. Fi locks leverage existing infrastructure to reduce environmental impact even further § Completely eliminates any additional electronic access control infrastructure 32

IP-Enabled Access Control Power over Ethernet § Power over Ethernet locks leverage existing Po. E infrastructure to reduce components AND minimize energy usage § Po. E locks use a maximum of 7 W per activation at each lock, 50% less than typical Po. E installations § Po. E locks also use 85% less standby power than traditional access control 33

Energy Efficiency – Automatic Operators § Automatic or power-assisted doors used on heavily-accessed entrances § 43% energy savings achieved during 9 month test

Energy Efficiency – Vestibules Source: Dr. Alexander Zhivov – USACE at CERL – Energy Assessments at US Army Installations

Energy Efficiency – Revolving Doors § Alternatives to swinging/sliding doors § Revolving doors stop the free flow of air § Revolving door is never open § Seals remain in contact with walls of the doors at all times § Only air transferred is in the chamber with the person using the door

Energy Efficiency – Revolving Doors § MIT 2006 study § Swinging doors allow 8 x as much air exchange as a revolving door § Study estimated that limiting ingress and egress to revolving doors would save school $7, 500 a year for a single building § Accompanying reduction in emissions would total about 15 tons of CO 2 annually per building § Result achieved by utilizing 2 of the 29 revolving doors on campus! http: //sustainability. mit. edu/content/revolving-doors.

Energy Efficiency - BIM for Energy Simulation Interoperable models driving Enabling Applications. . Clash Detection 4 D Energy simulation Quantity takeoff Fabrication Costing Images: Burt Hill, University Mechanical, Ryan Homes, View By View, Beck Group, IES, SOM

BIM. . transforming the process From point-to-point. . Architect Civil Engineer § Silos of information with many handoffs Structural Engineer § Lack of interoperability § Higher risk for error § Limited responsibility Trades & Distribution Building Owner HVAC Engineer Facilities Manager Constr. Manager

BIM. . transforming the process To centralized. . Architect § Earlier design & performance influence. . a "seat at the table" § Improved constructability & Energy efficiency § Reduced waste, delays, and re-work § Shared responsibility Civil Engineer Structural Engineer Building Information Model (BIM) Building Owner Trades & Distribution HVAC Engineer Facilities Manager Constr. Manager

A Sealed Building § Optimize thermal performance: entire building envelope § Create a sealed barrier: prevent air infiltration, heat transfer § Each opening component should be carefully selected § Thermal Break frames and Kerf frames § Insulated doors § Door closers § Gasketing § Revolving doors (when possible) § BIM: performance characteristics of door assemblies § Following this strategy, doorways can be used to create a more energy efficient building

This Concludes the Educational Program § Thank you for attending § What is your reaction to the program? § Please fill out the Form B ú AIA/CES HWS & SD, GBCI/CEU Credits ú PDF of today’s presentation ú Request Certificate Aaron C. Smith, LEED AP BD+C 612. 325. 5719 asmith@assaabloydss. com

How To Get More Information? § Codes: § National Fire Protection Association: www. nfpa. org § International Code Council (ICC): www. iccsafe. org § Institutes: § Construction Specifications Institute: www. csinet. org § Window & Door Manufacturers Association: www. wdma. com § Architectural Woodwork Institute: www. awinet. org § ASHRAE: www. ashrae. org § United States Green Building Council: www. usgbc. org - US Army Corps of Engineers: www. usace. army. mil - Massachusetts Institute of Technology: www. sustainability. mit. edu - International Living Building Institute: www. ilbi. org - AIA 2030 Challenge: www. architecture 2030. org - ASSA ABLOY: www. assaabloydss. com/sustainability

Specification Section Support Door Hardware Schedule Metal Doors and Frames Flush Wood Doors Clad Wood Doors Stile & Rail Wood Doors Integrated Door Opening Assemblies § 08 71 00 – Door Hardware § 08 74 00 – Access Control Hardware § § § 08 08 08 06 11 14 14 14 17 71 13 16 23 33 00 – – –

Related Specification Section Support § § § 08 08 08 27 42 42 71 52 29 33 36 43 13 13 – – – § 27 52 23 – § § 28 28 13 16 23 46 00 00 – – Automatic Entrances Revolving Door Entrances Balanced Door Entrances ICU/CCU Entrances Automatic Door Operators Patient Monitoring and Telemetry Systems Nurse Call / Code Blue Systems Access Control Intrusion Detection Video Surveillance Electronic Detention Monitoring and Control Systems