1 The Civil War began when Southern forces

1. The Civil War began when Southern forces attacked U. S. troops at what place? • • A) Shiloh B) Antietam C) Fort Sumter D) Bull Run

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2. Which military officer resigned from the U. S. Army and became commanding general of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia? • • A) George Mc. Clellan B) Ulysses S. Grant C) William Tecumseh Sherman D) Robert E. Lee

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3. What did the North call its strategy to defeat the South by forming a naval blockade and by capturing the Mississippi River? • • A) Rattlesnake Plan B) Anaconda Plan C) Boa Constrictor Plan D) Cobra Plan

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4. What city would have been surrounded by the Confederacy if Maryland had seceded? • • A) Philadelphia B) Washington, D. C. C) New York D) Gettysburg

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5. What advance in technology made the Civil War much deadlier than earlier American wars? • • A) cannons B) submarines C) rifles D) poisonous gas

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6. How did Americans feel about the Civil War before the fighting began? • • A) Border states did not want to provide troops to fight Southerners. B) Confederates hoped the North would accept secession. C) Both sides thought it would be a short war. D) All are true.

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7. What was one Northern strategy for winning the Civil War? • • A) to offer Native Americans land to fight for the Union against the South B) to capture Texas and attack the Confederacy from the West C) to cut off Southern imports and exports with a naval blockade D) to kidnap Confederate president Jefferson Davis and hold him for trial

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8. Which of the following was NOT a border state in the Civil War? • A) Maryland • B) Tennessee • C) Missouri • D) Kentucky

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9. Why were Northerners most eager to go to war? • • A) to prevent the spread of slavery B) to abolish slavery C) to get revenge on Southerners D) to preserve the Nation

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10. Which battle resulted in the bloodiest day in all American history, with neither side having gained any ground? • A) Antietam • B) Shiloh • C) Bull Run • D) Seven Days’ Battle

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11. Why did the Union navy blockade the South at the start of the Civil War? • • A) to prevent the Confederates from attacking the North by sea B) to prevent Confederate leaders from fleeing the country C) to weaken the South’s economy by cutting off its trade D) to discourage other nations from sending troops to help the South

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12. Which of the following made army life difficult? • • A) Soldiers from the same town were separated into different regiments. B) Diseases spread throughout the camp because of unsanitary conditions. C) The enemy frequently raided army camps at night. D) Civil War hand grenades often exploded in soldiers’ knapsacks.

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13. Which of the following was NOT a complaint of President Lincoln about his military commander in the East, General George Mc. Clellan? • • A) Mc. Clellan ordered his army to retreat after a series of battles in Virginia. B) Mc. Clellan failed to pursue & capture the Confederates after Antietam. C) Mc. Clellan failed to properly train the army. D) Mc. Clellan seemed too cautious and unwilling to move against the enemy.

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14. How did the South’s economy put it at a disadvantage in the Civil War? • • A) The South did not have the industries it needed to make war supplies. B) Slavery reduced the number of men available to serve in the army. C) It had a poor internal transportation system; it depended on exports. D) All the above are true.

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15. Which battle was considered the turning point of the Civil War? • • A) Andersonville B) Gettysburg C) Bull Run D) Cold Harbor

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16. Why did Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation free slaves only in the South? • • A) He believed that Northern slaves were treated better & they did not want their freedom. B) He believed he had the authority to free slaves in rebelling states as a military tactic. C) Lincoln did not want to offend his wife’s relatives in Kentucky. D) He wanted slavery to continue in border states because it helped the North’s economy.

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17. What inspired African Americans to enlist in the Union army? • • A) They wanted Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation. B) They were paid the same as white soldiers to enlist. C) The Emancipation Proclamation made ending slavery a goal of the war. D) They were offered land in the West after the war was over.

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18. Which of the following statements about Civil War soldiers is true? • • A) Both sides actively recruited African-Americans soldiers. B) Farmers made up the largest group of Civil War soldiers. C) Immigrants helped to fill the Confederate armies. D) All are true.

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19. Appomattox Court House is important because it was _____. • • A) the location of the Southern Supreme Court B) the Confederate capital C) the site where Lee surrendered to Grant D) the site of the bloodiest battle of the war

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20. Why were some abolitionists upset with Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation? • • A) They were against African Americans in the military. B) They thought Lincoln should have freed all the slaves. C) Once the slaves were freed the North would have no cause to fight. D) They opposed making the war about slavery.

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21. What was true about the 54 th Massachusetts Regiment? • • A) They won fame for fighting bravely at Fort Wagner. B) They fought without pay rather than receive less pay than white soldiers. C) They increased the popularity & enlistment of African American soldiers. D) All are true.

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22. What is meant by the statement that William Tecumseh Sherman waged total war? • • A) He made war against everything that could support the enemy. B) He killed as many civilians as soldiers. C) He calculated his victories by counting the total value of destruction. D) He fought all the Confederate army in one battle.

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23. Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House because ______. • • A) Grant surrounded the Confederates at Antietam. B) Grant’s troops held Lee’s wife hostage in Virginia. C) Grant’s troops had captured Richmond, the South’s capital. D) Grant’s troops had surrounded Lee’s troops at Atlanta.

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24. William Tecumseh Sherman’s conquest of Atlanta ______. • • A) meant that the South had no chance of winning the war B) caused Clara Barton to form a relief agency C) helped Lincoln win reelection in 1864 D) inspired the Gettysburg Address

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25. Which of the following led to the Battle of Gettysburg? • • A) Confederate troops searched for shoes in Pennsylvania. B) Lee invaded the North, hoping to fuel Northern discontent. C) Lee hoped that a victory would lead European nations to recognize the Confederacy. D) All the above.

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26. A major Confederate blunder which led to Union victory at Gettysburg was _______. • • A) Stonewall Jackson’s injury on the Pennsylvania field B) Pickett’s Charge C) Hostage starvation at Andersonville D) Belle Boyd’s mix-up information

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27. What was the 54 th Massachusetts regiment? • • A) a regiment of escaped slaves from South Carolina B) one of the first African-American regiments organized in the North C) the army whose bravery brought Union victory at Antietam D) the white army regiment commanded by abolitionist Frederick Douglass

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28. Which was true of the battle for Fort Wagner? • • A) Confederate forces were defeated and suffered huge losses. B) The fort was located in Virginia. C) The 54 th Massachusetts led the attack on the fort. D) All members of the 54 th Massachusetts died.

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29. Victory here gave the Union control of the Mississippi River. • • A) Fort Wagner B) Bull Run C) New Orleans D) Vicksburg

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30. He commanded the Confederate army at Gettysburg. • • A) Stonewall Jackson B) James Longstreet C) Robert E. Lee D) George Pickett

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31. Grant won a great victory for the Union at _____. • • A) Gettysburg B) Vicksburg C) Bull Run D) Fort Sumter

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32. The last major battle in the North took place at ____. • • A) Chancellorsville B) Fredericksburg C) Antietam D) Gettysburg

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33. His victory helped Lincoln win re-election in 1864. • • A) William Tecumseh Sherman B) George Mc. Clellan C) Ambrose Burnsides D) Philip Sheridan

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34. The person who assassinated President Lincoln was _____. • • A) Samuel Mudd B) Booker T. Washington C) John Wilkes Booth D) Walt Whitman

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35. Which of the following is NOT true about the South after the war? • • A) It accounted for only 12 percent of the nation’s wealth. B) It’s labor system remained undisturbed. C) Fifty percent of all farm machinery was destroyed. D) Factories and railroads were demolished.

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36. Which is NOT true about the human costs of the Civil War? • • A) About 10% of all Americans served in either one of the armies. B) More Northern soldiers were killed than Southern soldiers. C) More Southern soldiers were killed than Northern soldiers D) A total of more than a half-million soldiers died.

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37. Which of the following was a new type of military technology introduced in the Civil War? • • A) tanks B) anacondas C) ironclads D) poison gas

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38. The Confederate States of America were _____. • • A) a group of Northern states united to end slavery B) an agreement to work together to fight laws limiting slavery C) a new political party created by Southern Democrats D) the slaveholding states that seceded from the Union

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39. The president of the Confederacy was _______. • • A) Henry Clay B) Jefferson Davis C) Stephen Douglas D) Robert E. Lee

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40. What is the correct sequence of these battles? • • A) Antietam, First Bull Run, Gettysburg, Shiloh B) First Bull Run, Shiloh, Antietam, Gettysburg C) Gettysburg, Antietam, First Bull Run, Shiloh D) Gettysburg, Shiloh, First Bull Run, Antietam

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41. After what battle did President Lincoln decide to announce the Emancipation Proclamation? • • A) Gettysburg B) First Battle of Bull Run C) Antietam D) Vicksburg

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42. How many total men died in the Civil War? • • A) 50, 000 B) 150, 000 C) 360, 000 D) over 500, 000

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43. Which country did the South want help from because of their need for cotton? • • A) Russia B) Spain C) England D) Germany

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44. In what year did the Civil War begin? • A) 1859 • B) 1861 • C) 1865 • D) 1863

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45. Which of the following statements is NOT true about military hygiene during the Civil War? • • A) Food was not always readily available. B) Officers on both sides were concerned about the welfare of their troops. C) Soldiers drilled almost constantly while in camp. D) Soldiers were encouraged to take daily baths to fight infections.

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