1. IMMIGRATION TO ISRAEL BY CONTINENTS DURING THE LAST DECADE AND 1998 CONTINENT 1989 -1998 No %* EUROPE 810, 580 90. 1% 49, 265 86. 9% OF THIS: F. S. U. 768, 079 85. 0% 46, 021 81. 2% NORTH AMERICA 18, 448 2. 1% 1, 788 3. 2% LATIN AMERICA 15, 439 1. 7% 1, 390 2. 5% ASIA 10, 714 1. 2% 572 1. 0% AFRICA 43, 571 4. 8% 3, 514 6. 2% OF THIS: ETHIOPIA 38, 780 4. 3% 3, 110 5. 5% OCEANIA 1, 183 0. 1% 130 0. 2% UNKNOWN 3, 360 - 34 - TOTAL 903, 335 100% 56, 693 100% *NOT INCLUDING UNKNOWN. NOTE: THE ASIAN REPUBLICS OF F. S. U. ARE INCLUDED IN EUROPE. SOURCE: CENTRAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS.
2. IMMIGRATION DURING LAST DECADE BY YEAR Year 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 Total # Immigrants 24. 050 199. 516 176. 100 77. 057 76. 805 79. 844 76. 361 70. 919 67. 990 56. 693 903. 335 % immigrants 2. 7% 22. 1% 19. 5% 8. 8% 8. 4% 7. 9% 7. 3% 6. 3% 100% Total Population 4. 518 4. 660 4. 949 5. 123 5. 261 5. 399 5. 544 5. 685 5. 828 5. 970 6. 120 Source: Central Bureau of Statistics
3. IMMIGRATION FROM F. S. U. ACCORDING TO REPUBLICS IN THE LAST DECADE AND IN 1998 REPUBLIC 1989 -98 % 1998 % RUSSIA 230, 282 30. 7% 14, 450 31. 5% UKRAINE 242, 072 32. 3% 20, 079 43. 7% BELARUS 63, 176 8. 2% 2, 258 4. 9% MOLDAVIA 44, 189 5. 9% 1, 194 2. 6% BALTIC REPUBLICS 19, 236 2. 6% 680 1. 5% CENTRAL ASIAN REPUBLICS, AZERBAIJAN, GEORGIA AND ARMENIA 152, 126 20. 3% 7, 138 15. 8% NOT KNOWN 16, 998 - 222 - TOTAL F. S. U. IMMIGRANTS 768, 079 100% 46, 021 100% * Not including unknown Source: Central Bureau of Statistics
4. IMMIGRATION FROM FORMER SOVIET UNION BY AGE LAST DECADE AND 1998 AGE GROUP 1998 1989 -1998 % 1989 -1998 0 -4 2, 612 47, 124 5. 7% 5 -9 3, 050 57, 651 6. 6% 7. 5% 10 -14 3, 151 54, 293 6. 8% 7. 1% 15 -19 4, 593 60, 274 10. 0% 7. 8% 20 -24 4, 244 57, 413 9. 2% 7. 5% 25 -29 4, 294 59, 047 9. 4% 7. 7% 30 -34 3, 274 61, 217 7. 1% 8. 0% 35 -39 3, 101 57, 822 6. 7% 7. 5% 40 -44 2, 866 56, 969 6. 2% 7. 4% 45 -49 2, 746 36, 969 6. 0% 4. 7% 50 -54 2, 226 37, 460 4. 8% 55 -59 2, 385 40, 602 5. 2% 5. 3% 60 -64 2, 729 43, 005 6. 0% 5. 6% 65 -69 1, 801 41, 639 3. 9% 5. 4% 70 -74 1, 444 24, 735 3. 1% 3. 2% 75+ 1, 515 34, 175 3. 3% 4. 4% TOTAL 46, 021 769, 842 100% Source: Central Bureau of Statistics 1989 – 1997. Ministry of Immigrant Absorption 1998.
5. MAJOR OCCUPATIONS OF IMMIGRTANTS FROM THE FORMER SOVIET UNION LAST DECADE AND 1998 OCCUPATION 1998 -1989 % 1998 % 1989 -1998 ENGINEERS 4, 100 82, 250 9. 1% 10. 7% PHYSICIANS & DENTISTS 800 16, 900 1. 6% 2. 2% ARTISTS & AUTHORS 750 16, 450 1. 8% 2. 1% NURSES & PARA-MEDICALS 1, 150 18, 550 2. 4% TEACHERS 2, 400 38, 700 4. 9% 5. 0% 46, 000 769, 850 100% TOTAL Source: Central Bureau of Statistics 1989 -1997 Ministry of Immigration Absorption 1998
6. ESTIMATED JEWISH POPULATION IN F. S. U. ELIGIBLE FOR IMMIGRATION UNDER THE LAW OF RETURN – 1998(IN THOUSANDS) TOTAL IN F. S. U. RUSSIAN REPUBLIC THE OTHER REPUBLICS JEWISH POPULATION ACCORDING TO 1989 SOVIET CENSUS 1, 480 570 910 ESTIMATED JEWISH POPULATION 1998* 540 215 CHANGE IN PERCENTAGE -64% -43% -76% ESTIMATED POPULATION ELIGIBLE UNDER THE LAW OF RETURN 1989 2, 368 912 1, 456 IMMIGRANTS TO ISRAEL 1989 -1998 768 230 543 EMMIGRATION TO OTHER COUNTRIES 1989 -1998 470 - - NEGATIVE NATURAL GROWTH RATE** 84 - - ESTIMATED POPULATION ELIGIBLE UNDER THE LAW OF RETURN - 1998 1, 046 627 419 SOURCE: REPORTS OF THE INSTITUTE OF CONTEMPORARY JUDAISM, HEBREW UNIVERSITY AND THE LIASON BUREAU. * PEOPLE WHO IDENTIFIED THEMSELVES OR THEIR CHILDREN AS JEWS IN CENSUS REPORTS. ** BIRTHS AND THOSE PEOPLE MARRIED TO SOMEONE ELIGIBLE UNDER THE LAW OF RETURN PLUS NEW SPOUSE OF SOMEONE ELIGIBLE UNDER LAW OF RETURN LESS DEATHS
9. WORKFORCE PARTICIPATION AND UNEMPLOYMENT* AMONG IMMIGRANTS OCTOBER - DECEMBER 1991 - 1997 Year Total Population Above Age 15 Belong to Civilian Workforce Employed Unemployed 1991 211. 000 96. 400 59. 300 37. 100 1992 295. 000 153. 800 109. 800 1993 358. 400 192. 700 1994 414. 000 1995 Percent Belonging to Civilian Workforce Percent Unemployed Total Population 45. 7% 38. 5% 11. 7% 44. 000 52. 0% 28. 6% 12. 0% 155. 400 37. 300 53. 8% 19. 4% 10. 8% 228. 600 198. 400 30. 200 55. 2% 13. 2% 8. 1% 517. 000 268. 900 243. 000 25. 900 52. 0% 9. 6% 7. 3% 1996 568. 600 297. 000 265. 700 31. 200 52. 2% 10. 5% 7. 3% 1997 619. 600 332. 000 302. 300 29. 700 53. 6% 9. 0% 7. 9% 1998 Source: Immigrants 652. 200 351. 800 310. 700 41. 100 54. 2% 10. 4% 8. 2% Central Bureau of Statistics Labor Force Surveys, October-December * Accumulative each year from 1990.
12. ACTIVITIES TO ADVANCE THE EMPLOYMENT OF IMMIGRANTS 1998 • Nearly 7, 700 immigrants participated in 380 evening classes that were opened to assist them in their career advancement. The topics of the classes included: computer graphics, computer basics, CAD-CAM, computer languages, data processing, computerized accounting, comptroller, English, Arabic and others. • Some 2, 300 unemployed immigrants learned during the year in 6 centers that operated throughout the country for the purpose of helping people to find suitable employment. • Some 1, 750 doctors, dentists, pharmacists, social workers, accountants and lawyers participated in 57 courses that were opened to assist immigrants get through the processes of registration, licensing and professional upgrading. • Employment-oriented Hebrew language training courses (ulpans) were set up in Haifa and Beer-sheva (in the following professions: high-tech, medicine and social sciences). • 786 personal grants to artists, and sport people were approved. • Project completion assistance was given to 248 immigrant artists. • Aid from the Fund for the Employment of Artists and Sportspeople was given to 136 immigrants (a total of 1, 210 monthly units of assistance was given). • Financial help was secured for 40 immigrants who are members of the Olympics team, and are scheduled to participate in the year 2000 Olympics (monthly stipends are given). • The Ministry participated in a program, which found positions in government offices, and in public sector institutions for 358 immigrants and returning residents who are academics.
3. ABSORPTION OF SCIENTISTS The Nature of the Problem: Long-Term Absorption of Scientists. General Background • Until present time 13, 275 scientists have immigrated an additional yearly immigration of 750 anticipated in the upcoming years. • Approximately 9, 800 scientists have been initially integrated into scientific employment (8, 390 of them received from the Ministry Absorption of Immigrant Absorption). • The assistance provided by the Ministry is given for a period of up to three years. It is expected that at the end of this period of assistance a portion of the scientists will be discharged from their place of work. • Effective absorption of scientists comprises a unique contribution to the growth of the economy. Objectives • Continuing to help immigrant scientists over the long-term in the areas of their expertise • Completion of the long-term plan for the absorption of scientists in universities and research organizations after the end of the period of aid from the Center of Absorption in Science to scientists (Giladi program). • Activation of plan for the long-term absorption of immigrant scientists in universities and research organization within the framework of the KAMEYA Program. Source: Ministry of Immigrant Absorption
14. SCIENTISTS REGISTERED AT THE CENTER OF ABSORPTION IN SCIENCE (C. A. S. ) WHO FOUND EMPLOYMENT IN THEIR FIELD 1989 -1998
15. SCIENTISTS IN THE “GILADI” AND “KAMAEYA” PROGRAMS ACCORDING TO YEAR PROGRAMS 1997 1998 1999 - 235 385 250 150 235 150 100 50 30 TOTAL 235 385 485 300 180 NEW CANDIDATES - - - 235 150 TOTAL KAMEYA 1996 NEW PARTICIPANTS GILADI 1995 - - - 235 385 CONTINUING PARTICIPANTS 1. The "GILADI" program was created in 1995 when 530 scientists were chosen according to their scientific achievements up to that time. 2. The selection of a scientist for the "GILADI" program was on an individual basis for a period of 3 years. 3. Beginning from 1999 the "KAMEYA" program (Absorption of Immigrant Scientists) will be put into operation to absorb outstanding scientists who have completed the "GILADI" program in research positions, and in accordance with the academic procedures in force in scientific institutions. 4. In the course of 1998 an additional 30 scientists will be added to the "GILADI" program, when they complete the period of their regular eligibility to receive aid from C. A. S( Candidates over the age of pension will not be chosen ). 5. Approximately 85% of all the candidates chosen for the “GILADI” program are employed in universities. (The others are in colleges research institutes and hospitals).
16. BASHAN TECHNOLOGICAL IMPLEMENTATIONS THE PURPOSE Establishment of a data-base comprised of the ideas and inventions of immigrant engineers and scientists, assistance for the advancement of these ideas and inventions, support for the establishment of new companies: raising financial resources, and creating connections with industry both in Israel and abroad. SITUATION AT THE END OF 1998 • There are 4 centers in operation throughout the country to gather ideas and inventions. • So far around 3, 500 immigrants engineers and scientists who are technological entrepreneurs have approached BASHAN. • Nearly 3, 000 proposals were submitted, from which around 2, 800 have been checked. SUMMARY OF ACTIVITIES DURING 1998 1. Referals to BASHAN around 420 people 2. Presentations around 340 project proposals 3. Checked and rejected around 195 files (57%) 4. Handled and advanced 68 projects including Source: BASHAN Administr ation. • Setting up 3 new companies • Planting 12 projects in technological incubators • Concluding of 14 agreements for alliances with both civil and military industries in Israel (including one agreement with a company in the United States).
17. ENTREPRENEURSHIPS GENERAL The Entrepreneurship Unit is responsible for the development of both infrastructure assistance and also of a supportive environment for immigrant entrepreneurs. It helps facilitate the efforts of these talented individuals to actualize their entrepreneurial initiatives, to overcome the difficulties inherent in starting to work in a new, unknown business environment, and to earn a decent salary in order to support themselves and their families. The purpose of the Unit is to reveal the entrepreneurial potential that exists among the new immigrants. Achieving this goal will enable the immigrant entrepreneurs to be absorbed into Israeli society, having already gained economic independence. They are also better able to contribute to the overall growth of the economy. The entrepreneurship channel offers a long-term solution to immigrant absorption and contributes to the immigrant and his family becoming firmly rooted in Israel. Consequently, it is possible to discern the broad national and social significance of the program. PURPOSES 1. Exposing the new immigrants to an acquaintanceship with the Israeli business world, and offering them the tools and monetary resources which best enable the flowering of their entrepreneurial talents. 2. Developing and advancing the regional infrastructure by means of a national deployment of counseling services, training courses and professional accompaniment to actualize their entrepreneurial ideas, and to give support to already existing businesses. 3. Financial aid for the essential initial investment to develop new businesses, and to take advantage of available business opportunities. 4. Developing instructional programs and extensive projects that create broad underpinnings for the entrepreneurial initiatives of the new immigrants. 5. Establishing cooperation and coordination with the relevant government agencies, and with the resource centers that are investing in the immigrants’ activities and shaping their programs to fit the needs of the immigrant entrepreneurs. Source: Ministry of Immigrant Absorption.
29. RETURNING RESIDENTS The purpose of the department of returning residents of the Ministry of Absorption • To increase the number of returnees from among the Israeli living abroad. • To broaden the framework for maintaining contact with Israeli citizens living abroad and increasing their involvement in activities geared for them. • To improve the absorption process in Israel for returning residents. Background Data During the year 1991 -1995 the number of returning residents increased and so did the number of inquiries to the Ministry of Absorption. In 1996 a slight decrease in the number of returnees began, and since then the estimated number has stabilized at an average of 12, 000 a year. Securing Employment Opportunities in Israel for Returning Academics • In 1998 4 “Employment Fairs” in the High Tech area were organized in North America. • Also, 3 meetings were organized in North America between representatives of “technological incubators” and entrepreneurs in the area of bio-technology. • In South Africa and Europe 4 Employment Fairs were held. • In order to encourage artists to return, the Ministry assisted in the participation of returning artists in a number of exhibitions that were held throughout Israel. • In 1998 an Interministerial Committee of Director-Generals was established for the purpose of encouraging the return of Israelis living abroad. The recommendations of the Committee included improving the rights offered to individuals and developing unique programs to encourage them to return to Israel. The recommendations of the Committee were approved by a Government decision. • A movie was produced to provide information to returning residents.
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