1 El futuro 2 El condicional 3 3

1. El futuro 2. El condicional 3. 3. El futuro perfecto 4. 4. El condicional perfecto

1. El futuro

The Spanish future tense is formed with only one set of endings for the -ar, -er, and -ir verbs. For regular verbs, the endings are attached to the infinitive, as follows: hablaré hablar emos hablar ás hablaréis hablar án Again, the infinitive is the basis for all forms of regular verbs. Notice that all forms except nosotros/as carry a written accent.

El futuro Notice the following chart: tomar yo tú él, ella, Ud. nosotros/as vosotros/as ellos/as, Uds. tomaré tomarás tomará tomaremos tomaréis tomarán comeré comerás comerá comeremos comeréis comerán viviré vivirás vivirá viviremos viviréis vivirán

El futuro In the present tense, we might say. . . En la clase, hablo español con el profesor, leo un cuento chistoso, y escribo unas frases.

El futuro In the future tense, we might say. . . En la clase, hablaré español con el profesor, leeré un cuento chistoso, y escribiré unas frases.

Some Facts About the Future Tense As in English, the Spanish future tense expresses what will happen in the future. The English equivalent is will + verb. Estudiaré informática en la universidad. I will study computer science at the university. Ustedes comprarán pronto otro disco duro. You will buy a new hard drive soon. Keep in mind that in English the subject and will are often contracted: You’ll buy a new hard drive soon.

Some Facts About the Future Tense Remember, however, that the present tense is often used to express immediate future in Spanish. El técnico viene para arreglar mi computadora hoy. The technician will come (is coming) to fix my computer today. Termino mi trabajo esta tarde. I will finish my paper this afternoon.

Some Facts About the Future Tense The future may also be conveyed with the present tense of ir a + infinitive. Voy a arreglar la computadora. I am going to fix the computer. ¿Vas a archivar ese documento? Are you going to save that document?

Some Facts About the Future Tense The idea of willingness, sometimes expressed with the English future, cannot be expressed with the Spanish future tense. Use verbs like querer or the simple present tense to express willingness. ¿Quieres ayudarme con la impresora? Will you help me with the printer? ¿Me traes el otro programa? Will you bring me the other program?

Irregular Verbs in the Future Tense Irregular verbs in the future are formed by adding the future endings to an irregular stem. The irregular stems can be grouped into three categories. 1. Drop two letters to form the stem of the future. decir d--ir hacer ha--r diré dirás dirá haré harás hará diremos diréis dirán haremos haréis harán

Irregular Verbs in the Future Tense Irregular verbs in the future are formed by adding the future endings to an irregular stem. The irregular stems can be grouped into three categories. 2. The e of the infinitive ending is dropped to form the stem of the future. haber poder querer saber hab-r pod-r quer-r sab-r habré, habrás, . . . podré, podrás, . . . querré, querrás, . . . sabré, sabrás, . . .

Irregular Verbs in the Future Tense Irregular verbs in the future are formed by adding the future endings to an irregular stem. The irregular stems can be grouped into three categories. 3. The e or the i of the infinitive ending is replaced by d to form the stem of the future. poner salir tener venir pon-dr sal-dr ten-dr ven-dr pondré, pondrás, . . . saldré, saldrás, . . . tendré, tendrás, . . . vendré, vendrás, . . .

2. El condicional

In Spanish, the conditional of regular verbs is formed by adding the imperfect endings for -er and -ir verbs to the infinitive. The same endings are used for -ar, -er, and -ir verbs. hablaría hablar íamos hablar ías hablaríais hablar ían Again, the infinitive is the basis for all forms of regular verbs. Notice that all forms carry a written accent over the i.

El condicional Notice the following chart: tomar yo tú él, ella, Ud. nosotros/as vosotros/as ellos/as, Uds. tomarías tomaríamos tomaríais tomarían comerías comeríamos comeríais comerían vivirías viviríamos viviríais vivirían

El condicional The conditional expresses what you would do under certain circumstances. ¿Reciclarías envases de aluminio? Would you recycle aluminum cans? Consumiríamos menos agua. We would consume less water.

El condicional The conditional is also used when the speaker is referring to an event that is future to another past event. In the future tense, we might say. . . Mañana en la clase, hablaré con el profesor, leeré un cuento chistoso, y escribiré unas frases.

El condicional The conditional is also used when the speaker is referring to an event that is future to another past event. In the conditional tense, we would say. . . Ayer te dije que hoy, hablaría con el profesor, leería un cuento chistoso, y escribiría unas frases.

El condicional The conditional is also used when the speaker is referring to an event that is future to another past event. More examples: Creíamos que habría más gente protestando enfrente de la planta nuclear. We thought there would be more people protesting in front of the nuclear plant. Nos dijo que no contaminarían el agua. He told us they wouldn’t pollute the water.

A Time Line the preterit (ayer) the conditional (future in relation to the past) the present Te dije ayer que hablaría con Juan. the present Yo hablaré con Juan. Toward the past Toward the future

El condicional The verb deber, when used in the conditional tense, is equivalent to the English should + infinitive. Deberías conservar recursos. You should conserve resources. Deberíamos hablar con el jefe lo antes posible. We should speak with the boss as soon as possible.

Irregular Verbs in the Conditional Tense The conditional has the same irregular stems as the future. 1. Drop two letters to form the stem of the future. decir d--r hacer ha--r dirías diría harías haría diríamos diríais dirían haríamos haríais harían

Irregular Verbs in the Conditional Tense The conditional has the same irregular stems as the future. 2. The e of the infinitive ending is dropped to form the stem of the future. haber poder querer saber hab-r pod-r quer-r sab-r habría, habrías, . . . podría, podrías, . . . querría, querrías, . . . sabría, sabrías, . . .

Irregular Verbs in the Conditional Tense The conditional has the same irregular stems as the future. 3. The e or the i of the infinitive ending is replaced by d to form the stem of the future. poner salir tener venir pon-dr sal-dr ten-dr ven-dr pondré, pondrás, . . . saldré, saldrás, . . . tendré, tendrás, . . . vendré, vendrás, . . .

3. El futuro perfecto

The Formation of the Future Perfect The future perfect is formed with the future of the auxiliary verb haber + past participle. habré habremos habrás habréis habrán + Past participle— masculine singular form only

The Formation of the Future Perfect Notice the following chart: Future yo tú él, ella, Ud. nosotros/as vosotros/as ellos, ellas, Uds. habré habrás habrá habremos habréis habrán Past participle tomado comido vivido

The Use of the Future Perfect The future perfect is used to express an action which will have occurred by a certain point in time. ¿Salma Hayek habrá hecho otra película para el año que viene? Will Salma Hayek have made another film by next year? Sí, habrá hecho dos. Yes, she will have made two.

The Use of the Future Perfect The future perfect is used to express an action which will have occurred by a certain point in time. ¿Cuándo habrás terminado el editorial? When will you have finished the editorial? Lo habré terminado en diez minutos. I will have finished it in ten minutes.

The Use of the Future Perfect The future perfect is used to express an action which will have occurred by a certain point in time. ¿Habrás comprado las entradas para cuando lleguemos? Will you have bought the tickets by the time we arrive? Habrán entregado los documentos para la fecha límite. They will have submitted the documents by the deadline.

4. El condicional perfecto

The Formation of the Conditional Perfect The conditional perfect is formed with the conditional of the auxiliary verb haber + past participle. habríamos habríais habrían + Past participle— masculine singular form only

The Formation of the Conditional Perfect Notice the following chart: Conditional yo tú él, ella, Ud. nosotros/as vosotros/as ellos, ellas, Uds. Past participle habrías habríamos habríais habrían tomado comido vivido

The Use of the Conditional Perfect The conditional perfect is used to express an action which would or should have occurred but did not. Habría visto el drama, pero preferí la comedia. I would have seen the drama, but I preferred the comedy. Habríamos grabado el programa, pero no teníamos cinta. We would have recorded the program, but we didn’t have a tape.

The Use of the Conditional Perfect The conditional perfect is used to express an action which would or should have occurred but did not. De haber tenido el libro, habría leído la lección. If I had the book, I would have read the lesson. Me dijiste que ya habrías comprado las entradas. You told me you would have already bought the tickets.

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