* 1. Development of English dramaturgy – end of XX – beg. of XXI century: John Arden, Robert Bolt, Edward Bond, Harold Pinter, Tom Stoppard. 2. Muriel Spark in English literature –end of XX century. 3. Fantasy as a literary genre. 4. Ted Hughes –the best poet of his generation.
* as "one of the most significant British playwrights of the late 1950 s and early 60 s“; * which were highly critical of British presence in Ireland; * was a founder member of the anti-nuclear Committee of 100; * Was involved in the Civil Rights movement and republicanism in Ireland; * AWARDS: Evening Standard Award, 1960 V. S. Pritchett Award, 2003 Booker Prize shortlist, 1982 Giles Cooper Award, 1982 *
*His plays : Lawrence of Arabia, Doctor Zhivago and A Man for All Seasons(latter two - Oscar for Best Adapted Screenplay); *Bolt was known for dramatic works that placed their protagonists in tension with the prevailing society; *The James Brady Story (1991), about the attempted assassination of Ronald Reagan * CBE Oscar
* - English Oscar
* The Pope's Wedding – the death of rural society brought about by modern post-war urban living standards; * Saved (1965) shows the social causes of violence and opposes them with individual freedom (brutal economic system and unable to give people’s lives meaning, ) ; * The Worlds, recent events in the UK, both the Northern Ireland conflict and the social crisis of the winter of Discontent; * Summer - the moral ambiguities of capitalism * theorist screenwriter
* Nobel Prize-winning English playwright, screenwriter, director and actor; * His plays - The Servant, The Go-Between, The French Lieutenant's Woman, The Trial, The Homecoming, The Birthday Party , Betrayal; * He seemed to express ambivalence, both indifference and hostility towards political structures and politicians in his plays of power and the dynamics of oppression; * Early member of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmamentand also had supported the British Anti-Apartheid Movement *
*"Pinter strongly opposed the 1991 Gulf War, the 1999 NATO bombing campaign in Yugoslavia during the Kosovo War, the United States' 2001 War in Afghanistan, and the 2003 Invasion of Iraq; *Pinter received over 50 awards, prizes, and other honours, including the in 2005; * was active in the antiwar movement in the United Kingdom. * Pinter received the Nobel Prize in Literature
*His plays - Arcadia, The Coast of Utopia, Every Good Boy Deserves Favour, Professional Foul, The Real Thing, and Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead *Received an Academy Award and 4 Tony Awards *Themes –human rights, political freedom and censorship *
*1968: Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead – Tony Award for Best Play, *1978: Night and Day – Evening Standard Award for Best Play (UK) *1982: The Real Thing – Evening Standard Award for Best Play (UK) *1993: Arcadia – Critics' Circle Theatre Awards for Best New Play, Evening Standard Award for Best Play of the Year * National Theatre
* DBE Scottish novelist
*the James Tait Black Memorial Prize *T. S. Eliot Award in 1992 *became Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1993 *twice shortlisted for the Booker Prize *was awarded the Golden PEN Award by English PEN for "a Lifetime's Distinguished Service to Literature". * British writers Miss Jean Brodie
* The Mandelbaum Gate, The Public Image, Loitering with Intent, The Driver's Seat, The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie, The Abbess of Crewe; * Spark creates deep characterizations which are realistic in their human imperfections; * She humorously criticizes shortcomings in human nature and in the Catholic Church; * The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie is on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20 th century. *
* English philologist
*Fantasy is a genre of fiction that commonly uses magic and other supernatural phenomena as a primary element of plot, theme or setting it is a story of the impossible; *It is a highly imaginative story about characters, places, and events, yet it is believable. It may include magic, talking animals, time travel, the supernatural; *Modern fantasies often contain truths that help the reader to understand today’s society. * “The imaginary world captures us; its underlying reality moves us. ”
*The Hobbit» and «the Lord of the Rings «books, «The Fellowship of the Ring» , «The Two Towers» , and «The Return of the King» ; * Fellowship in the Royal Society of Literature (1957) and the title of Commander, Order of the British Empire (1972); *Asteroid 2675 was named after Tolkien and a street (Tolkien Road, Eastbourne, East Sussex) named for him. *
*» His work «Lord of the Rings» include philology, mythology, religion and the author's distaste for the effects of industrialization, as well as earlier fantasy works and Tolkien's experiences in World War I. * Power cvan be help even I the smalest things
THANKS FOR