1 Decoding Stylistics and Its Fundamental Notions 2

1 Decoding Stylistics and Its Fundamental Notions

2 Points for discussion: Stylistics of the author and of the reader. The notions of encoding and decoding. Essential concepts of decoding stylistic analysis and types of foregrounding.

3 Decoding stylistics deals with regarding the esthetic value of a text based on the interaction of specific textual elements, stylistic devices and compositional structure in delivering the author's message

4 The process of internalizing of the outside information and translating it into his imagery is called 'encoding' This information encoded by the author is called the message

5 Foregrounding means a specific role that some language items play in a certain context when the reader's attention cannot but be drawn to them

6 Principal methods ensuring the effect of foregrounding in a text convergence of expressive means, defeated expectancy, coupling, semantic fields, semi-marked structures.

7 Convergence denotes a combination or accumulation of stylistic devices promoting the same idea, emotion or motive The door opened and from the cushions within emerged a tall young man in a clinging dove-gray coat. After him, like the first breath of spring in the Champs-Elysee came Mrs. Beste-Chetwynde — two lizard-skin feet, silk legs, chinchilla body, a tight little black hat, pinned with platinum and diamonds, and the high invariable voice that may be heard in any Ritz Hotel from New York to Budapest.

8 Convergence denotes a combination or accumulation of stylistic devices promoting the same idea, emotion or motive The door opened and from the cushions within emerged a tall young man in a clinging dove-gray coat. After him, like the first breath of spring in the Champs-Elysee came Mrs. Beste-Chetwynde — two lizard-skin feet, silk legs, chinchilla body, a tight little black hat, pinned with platinum and diamonds, and the high invariable voice that may be heard in any Ritz Hotel from New York to Budapest.

9 Convergence denotes a combination or accumulation of stylistic devices The door opened and from the cushions within emerged a tall young man in a clinging dove-gray coat. After him, like the first breath of spring in the Champs-Elysee came Mrs. Beste-Chetwynde — two lizard-skin feet, silk legs, chinchilla body, a tight little black hat, pinned with platinum and diamonds, and the high invariable voice that may be heard in any Ritz Hotel from New York to Budapest.

10 Convergence denotes a combination or accumulation of stylistic devices The door opened and from the cushions within emerged a tall young man in a clinging dove-gray coat. After him, like the first breath of spring in the Champs-Elysee came Mrs. Beste-Chetwynde — two lizard-skin feet, silk legs, chinchilla body, a tight little black hat, pinned with platinum and diamonds, and the high invariable voice that may be heard in any Ritz Hotel from New York to Budapest.

11 Convergence denotes a combination or accumulation of stylistic devices The door opened and from the cushions within emerged a tall young man in a clinging dove-gray coat. After him, like the first breath of spring in the Champs-Elysee came Mrs. Beste-Chetwynde — two lizard-skin feet, silk legs, chinchilla body, a tight little black hat, pinned with platinum and diamonds, and the high invariable voice that may be heard in any Ritz Hotel from New York to Budapest.

12 Convergence denotes a combination or accumulation of stylistic devices The door opened and from the cushions within emerged a tall young man in a clinging dove-gray coat. After him, like the first breath of spring in the Champs-Elysee came Mrs. Beste-Chetwynde — two lizard-skin feet, silk legs, chinchilla body, a tight little black hat, pinned with platinum and diamonds, and the high invariable voice that may be heard in any Ritz Hotel from New York to Budapest.

13 Defeated expectancy - unpredictability due to stylistically distinctive features based on the deviation from the norm

14 Coupling deals with the arrangement of textual elements that provide the unity and cohesion of the whole structure

15 Coupling Lloyd Williams lived in Collieryville, a mining town three or four miles from 10 North Frederick, but separated from the Chapins' home and their life by the accepted differences of money and prestige; the miners' poolroom, and the Gibbsville Club; sickening poverty, and four live-in servants for a family of four; The Second Thursdays, and the chicken-and-waffle suppers of the English Lutheran Church. Joe Chapin and Lloyd Williams were courthouse-corridor friends and fellow Republicans, but Joe was a Company man and Lloyd Williams was a Union man who was a Republican because to be anything else in Lantenengo County was futile and foolish.

16 Coupling Lloyd Williams lived in Collieryville, a mining town three or four miles from 10 North Frederick, but separated from the Chapins' home and their life by the accepted differences of money and prestige; the miners' poolroom, and the Gibbsville Club; sickening poverty, and four live-in servants for a family of four; The Second Thursdays, and the chicken-and-waffle suppers of the English Lutheran Church. Joe Chapin and Lloyd Williams were courthouse-corridor friends and fellow Republicans, but Joe was a Company man and Lloyd Williams was a Union man who was a Republican because to be anything else in Lantenengo County was futile and foolish.

17 Semantic field is a method of decoding stylistics which identifies lexical elements in text segments and the whole work that provide its thematic and compositional cohesion

18 Semantic field Joe kept saying he did not want a fortieth birthday party. He said he did not like parties—a palpable untruth—and particularly and especially a large party in honor of his reaching forty... At first there were going to be forty guests but the invitation list grew larger and the party plans more elaborate, until Arthur said that with so many people they ought to hire an orchestra, and with an orchestra there would be dancing, and with dancing there ought to be a good-size orchestra. The original small dinner became a dinner dance at the Lantenengo Country Club. Invitations were sent to more than three hundred persons...

19 Semantic field Joe kept saying he did not want a fortieth birthday party. He said he did not like parties—a palpable untruth—and particularly and especially a large party in honor of his reaching forty... At first there were going to be forty guests but the invitation list grew larger and the party plans more elaborate, until Arthur said that with so many people they ought to hire an orchestra, and with an orchestra there would be dancing, and with dancing there ought to be a good-size orchestra. The original small dinner became a dinner dance at the Lantenengo Country Club. Invitations were sent to more than three hundred persons...

20 Semantic field Joe kept saying he did not want a fortieth birthday party. He said he did not like parties—a palpable untruth—and particularly and especially a large party in honor of his reaching forty... At first there were going to be forty guests but the invitation list grew larger and the party plans more elaborate, until Arthur said that with so many people they ought to hire an orchestra, and with an orchestra there would be dancing, and with dancing there ought to be a good-size orchestra. The original small dinner became a dinner dance at the Lantenengo Country Club. Invitations were sent to more than three hundred persons...

21 Semantic field Joe kept saying he did not want a fortieth birthday party. He said he did not like parties—a palpable untruth—and particularly and especially a large party in honor of his reaching forty... At first there were going to be forty guests but the invitation list grew larger and the party plans more elaborate, until Arthur said that with so many people they ought to hire an orchestra, and with an orchestra there would be dancing, and with dancing there ought to be a good-size orchestra. The original small dinner became a dinner dance at the Lantenengo Country Club. Invitations were sent to more than three hundred persons...

22 Semantic field Joe kept saying he did not want a fortieth birthday party. He said he did not like parties—a palpable untruth—and particularly and especially a large party in honor of his reaching forty... At first there were going to be forty guests but the invitation list grew larger and the party plans more elaborate, until Arthur said that with so many people they ought to hire an orchestra, and with an orchestra there would be dancing, and with dancing there ought to be a good-size orchestra. The original small dinner became a dinner dance at the Lantenengo Country Club. Invitations were sent to more than three hundred persons...

23 Semi-marked structures are extreme cases of defeated expectancy in which the unpredictable element is used contrary to the norm so it produces a very strong emphatic impact

24 Semi-marked structures The stupid heart that will not learn The everywhere of grief She ... tried her best to spoil the party. He liked the ugly little college... Would you believe it, that unnatural father wouldn't stump up.