1 CLOUD COMPUTING AND THE GOVERNMENT PP 290

1 CLOUD COMPUTING AND THE GOVERNMENT PP 290 12/8/2011 Yusuke Kato

Agenda 2 1. 2. Understanding cloud computing Cloud computing and the government l US Government l Japanese Government l Summary

3 Understanding cloud computing

Understanding cloud computing 4 A good example of cloud computing is Google Docs. You don’t need to buy a CD-ROM and install it in your computer. Just access to Google’s server via Internet. Write and save files in Google’s server. It’s like borrowing Google’s server and application.

5 Traditional service is like building a house. Cloud computing is like renting an apartment.

Why is cloud computing cheaper? 6 Servers are not fully utilized. Average utilization rate is below 10%. Utilization rate Time

Virtualization 7 “Virtualization” has made it possible to use this portion for other purposes. 10%

Economies of scale 8 By aggregation, hourly demand levels off. Cloud providers achieve efficiency by deploying large-scale servers.

Characteristics of cloud computing 9 Speedy service　 Low cost Flexibility Security concerns

Major providers 10 Amazon, Rackspace, Microsoft, Google, Salesforce, IBM, etc. Some provide application services in addition to lending servers (called Saa. S).

Public cloud versus private cloud 11 Public cloud l Standard cloud model explained above. Private cloud l Operated solely for a single organization over the Intranet. l Not connected to the Internet. So it’s Secure.

12 Private cloud (cont. ) l Companies have to buy, build, and manage servers by themselves. l Economies of scale decrease.

13 Cloud computing and the government

US Government 14 Federal cloud computing strategy (2011) Federal Government’s IT spending is currently $80 billion. $20 billion is a potential target for migration to cloud computing. Federal Data Center Consolidation Initiative (2010) Out of current 2, 100 data centers, a minimum of 800 should be eliminated by 2015.

15

16 Source: General Services Administration (GSA), available at: http: //info. apps. gov/content/what-are-deployment-models

Japanese Government 17 Kasumigaseki Cloud Project Private cloud model. Basically consolidate all servers. Consolidate as many operating systems as possible. Consolidate applications that have similar features across

18 Similar applications Ministry A Ministry B Application OS OS Server Ministry B has to change workflow Application OS OS OS Server Kasumigaseki Cloud

Summary 19 US Government l Hybrid of public and private cloud l Incremental approach Japanese Government l Private cloud l Drastic approach (is it feasible? ) Another “make or buy” issue