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Chapter 7 Sections 2 Chapter 7 Sections 2

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Many Buyers and Sellers 6 Many Buyers and Sellers 6

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An Individual Firm’s Demand Curve 16 An Individual Firm’s Demand Curve 16

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Exhibit 7. 1: Market and Individual Firm Demand Curves in a Perfectly Competitive Market Exhibit 7. 1: Market and Individual Firm Demand Curves in a Perfectly Competitive Market 19

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Profit Maximization 26 Profit Maximization 26

Total Revenue 27 Total Revenue 27

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Short-Run Profits and Losses 42 Short-Run Profits and Losses 42

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Evaluating Economic Losses in the Short Run 48 Evaluating Economic Losses in the Short Run 48

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Exhibit 7. 9: The Firm’s Short-Run Supply Curve 58 Exhibit 7. 9: The Firm’s Short-Run Supply Curve 58

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Exhibit 7. 10: Deriving the Short-Run Market Supply Curve 60 Exhibit 7. 10: Deriving the Short-Run Market Supply Curve 60

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Long-Run Equilibrium 64 Long-Run Equilibrium 64

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Exhibit 7. 11: Profits Disappear with Entry 68 Exhibit 7. 11: Profits Disappear with Entry 68

Exhibit 7. 12: Losses Disappear with Exit 69 Exhibit 7. 12: Losses Disappear with Exit 69

The Long‑Run Equilibrium for the Competitive Firm 70 The Long‑Run Equilibrium for the Competitive Firm 70

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Exhibit 7. 13: The Long-Run Competitive Equilibrium 73 Exhibit 7. 13: The Long-Run Competitive Equilibrium 73

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Long-Run Supply 77 Long-Run Supply 77

A Constant-Cost Industry 78 A Constant-Cost Industry 78

A Constant-Cost Industry 79 A Constant-Cost Industry 79

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Exhibit 7. 14: Demand Increase in a Constant-Cost Industry 81 Exhibit 7. 14: Demand Increase in a Constant-Cost Industry 81

Exhibit 7. 14: Demand Increase in a Constant-Cost Industry 82 Exhibit 7. 14: Demand Increase in a Constant-Cost Industry 82

Exhibit 7. 14: Demand Increase in a Constant-Cost Industry 83 Exhibit 7. 14: Demand Increase in a Constant-Cost Industry 83

An Increasing-Cost Industry 84 An Increasing-Cost Industry 84

An Increasing-Cost Industry 85 An Increasing-Cost Industry 85

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A Decreasing-Cost Industry 88 A Decreasing-Cost Industry 88

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Perfect Competition and Economic Efficiency 90 Perfect Competition and Economic Efficiency 90

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Perfect Competition and Economic Efficiency 92 Perfect Competition and Economic Efficiency 92

Exhibit 7. 15: Allocative Efficiency and Perfect Competition 93 Exhibit 7. 15: Allocative Efficiency and Perfect Competition 93

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