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Los Adjetivos Demostrativos (Demonstrative Adjectives) By: Bolivar M. Vivanco Revised by: Malinda Seger Coppell High School Coppell, TX 1
Los Adjetivos Demostrativos ü Point out persons, places or things relative to the position of the speaker – distance from the speaker. ü They always agree in number and gender with the noun they modify. ü Always come in front of the noun. 2
ü Closeness to the speaker may be indicated by additional expressions such as: aquí, here; cerca de mí, near me; que tengo, which I hold (have). ü Closeness to the listener may be indicated by additional expressions such as: allí, there, near you; cerca de ti (Ud. , Uds. ), near you; que tienes (Ud. tiene, Uds. tienen) which you hold (have). ü Unlike English, the speaker of Spanish insists on making a distinction between that, those, aquel, etc. , distant from the listener; and that, those, etc. , near the listener. 3
Los Adjetivos Demostrativos Los adjetivos Singular Plural este esta estos estas “this” “aquí” “these” “aquí” ese esa esos esas “that” “allí” “those” “allí” aquella aquellos aquellas “that” (over there) “allá” “those” (over there) “allá” 4
Los Adjetivos Demostrativos üEste libro es fácil. This book is easy. üEsos libros son difíciles. Those books are difficult. üAquellos libros son aburridos. Those books (over there) are boring. 5
aquel escritorio esa silla esta mesa 6 Sr. Gramática
aquella pimienta esa taza estos cubiertos Sr. Gramática 7
1. I want this cup. Yo quiero esta taza. 2. She wants that cup. Ella quiere esa taza. 3. They want those cups over there. Ellos quieren aquellas tazas. 4. We prefer these knives. Nosotros preferimos estos cuchillos. 5. You guys prefer those knives. Vosotros preferís esos cuchillos. 6. But Luis prefers those knives over there. Pero Luis prefiere aquellos cuchillos. 8
1. This photo is Manuel’s. Esta foto es de Manuel. 2. Who is that woman? ¿Quién es esa mujer? 3. Those walls over there are ugly. Aquellas paredes son feas. 4. I want to buy this car. Quiero comprar este coche. 5. No, you should buy that car. No, debes comprar ese coche. 6. I think that I like that car over there. Pienso que me gusta aquel coche. 9
1. I want to buy this car. Quiero comprar este coche. 2. No, you should buy that one. No, debes comprar ése. 3. I think that I like that one over there. Pienso que me gusta aquél. 4. This shirt is expensive. Esta camisa es cara. 5. That one is big. Ésa es grande. 6. 6. I think that I like that one over there. Pienso que me gusta aquélla. 10
Los Pronombres Demostrativos When the demonstrative adjective is no longer followed by a noun then it becomes a demonstrative pronoun (it takes the place of a noun). To make a demonstrative pronoun simply add an accent mark on the letter “e” (the first “e” if there is more than one). Los pronombres Singular éste ésta “this one” “aquí” ése ésa “that one” “allí” aquélla “that one” “allá” Plural éstos éstas “these” “aquí” ésos ésas “those” “allí” aquéllos aquéllas “those” “allá” 11
Los Pronombres Demostrativos What happens if you don{t know the gender of what it is that you are talking about in order to choose the masculine or feminine form? There is a NEUTER form! Masculine Feminine Neuter éste éstos éstas esto ése ésos ésas eso aquéllos aquéllas aquello Did you notice? There is only a singular form for the neuter. A Spanish speaker would say “What is this? ” instead of “What are these? ” The neuter forms do not change for number or gender, they do not have a written accent, and they are used to refer to 12 abstract ideas, or to an unknown object (That is a good idea. That is silly. This is hard. )
Even though The deomontrative pronouns Are easy to learn We will study them in more depth later. 13
¡Adiós! ¡Hasta luego! 14
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