ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ Islam Lauren Shaw Madeleine Toups APHG

ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ Islam Lauren Shaw Madeleine Toups APHG Period 4

Founding Islam “submission” & “peace” Similar to Christianity and Judaism Muhammad ibn Abdallah - Born 570 AD in Mecca and died June 8, 632 in Medina - First vision from the Angel Gabriel about Allah in 610 AD - Most recent and greatest prophet of God - Founded Islam in 622 AD

Geography Seventh Century at a state of war - Polytheism vs. Monotheism Simplicity of Islam’s doctrine Ordinary people turned away from Judaism and Christianity because of persecution

Holy Books Qur’an/Quran/Koran “Recitation” Foundation of Islamic Law Exact words of God Sunnah “Road” Revelation of Muhammad Explains and clarifies the Qur’an

Doctrine: Five Pillars of Faith Salat Ritual Prayer Zakat Charity to the Poor Sawm Fasting during Ramadan Five Pillars Of Faith Shahadah Pledging the Faith Hajj Pilgrimage to Mecca

Doctrine: Six Articles of Faith One God Angels of God Supremacy of God’s Will Six Articles Of Faith Day of Judgment Books of God (Qur'an) Prophets of God (Muhammad)

Experiential Male Circumcision - Not necessary but common Peace Be Upon Them (pbut) - Said after any of the great prophets (Muhammad, Jesus, Abraham, Moses, etc)

Other Experientials: Women Dress "O Prophet! Tell thy wives and daughters, and the believing women, that they should cast their outer garments over their persons. . . that they should be known and not molested. " [Chapter 33, verse 59 Quran] http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=6 h. SD 8 lb. HHTc&feature=relmfu Burga Hijab nijab

Rituals: Pork “Lack of morality and shame, greed for wealth, laziness, indulgence, dirtiness and gluttony” "He has only forbidden you dead meat, and blood, and the flesh of swine, and any (food) over which the name of other than Allah has been invoked. But if one is forced by necessity, without willful disobedience, nor transgressing due limits, then Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. " verses 2: 173, 5: 3, 6: 145, and 16: 115 of the Qur'an.

Other Rituals Alcohol, gambling, drawing living creatures and smoking is haram (prohibited) A Muslim man is not permitted to marry a non-Muslim woman unless she becomes Muslim; but he can marry a Christian or a Jewish woman A Muslim woman is not permitted to marry a non-Muslim man, even a Christian or a Jew, unless he becomes a Muslim http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=ig. DRy. Jg. ES 2 E&fb_source=message

Ethics: Sharia “Path” (aka Islamic Law) Influences legal law “Marriage and divorce are the most significant aspects of Sharia, but criminal law is the most controversial” Five Hadd crimes – defined by Qur'an Punishable by stoning, exile, and execution

Place of Worship Islamic Mosques Usually contain - Minbar: sermons are given from - Mihrab: direction of Mecca - Musalla: Prayer Hall - Prayer Rugs: cleanliness - Shoe Shelves: no shoes allowed

Holy Day Muslim’s Sabbath is on Friday, “The Day of Assembly Celebrate Jumu’ah (Friday Prayer) - Takes place of daily noon prayer - Takes place at a mosque - Imam’s (religious leaders) give a Khutbah (sermon) - Pray as one Ummah (community)

Holy Places Mecca, Saudi Arabia - Holiest City in Islam - The Grand Mosque & Ka’ab/Kaaba Medina, Saudi Arabia - City of the Prophet - The Prophet’s Mosque Jerusalem, Israel - Qubbat as-Sakhrah (Dome of the Rock) - Al-Aqsa Mosque (Fartherst Mosque)

Al-Aqsa Mosque, Jerusalem Kaaba, Mecca Prophet’s Mosque, Medina Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem Grand Mosque, Mecca

Holiday: Ramadan 9 th month of the Islamic calendar Month-long fast during daylight Goal - purify the soul - focus on Allah - self-sacrifice Laylat al-Oadr (Night of Power) - Towards the end of Ramadan - Celebrates when the first verses of the Qur'an were revealed to Muhammad. Eid al-Fitr (The Festival of Fast-Breaking) - Celebration at the end of Ramadan

Holiday: Hajj 12 th month of the Islamic Calendar Part of the Five Pillars of Faith Pilgrimage to Mecca Day of Arafat - One day of the Hajj, pilgrims gather at the Plain of Arafat to seek God's mercy - Globally, Muslims fast for the day Eid al-Adha - The Festival of Sacrifice - End of Hajj

Sects Sunni Majority of Muslims Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Yemen, Pakistan Respect Imams but do not give them a divinity State is in charge, not Imam Shiite 10 -15% of World Iran, Iraq, Bahrain, Azerbaijan Believe Imams are descendents of the Prophet Imam is in charge, not state (ex: Iran)

Sects: Succession Differences Sunni After Muhammad’s death, Abu Bakr became Islam’s leader Was not a blood relation to the Prophet Caliph should be chosen based on piousness, not blood Shiite Wanted Ali, 4 th caliph, to become the leader Was the closest blood relation to the Prophet Caliph should be chosen based solely on blood

Sects: Geography Pale Green Sunni Dark Green Shiite 1. 57 Billion followers 23% of the World (CNN/Pew Forum 2009)

Symbols The Star and Crescent - Not originally Muslim - Icon adopted during the spread of Islam - Controversial in the Muslim world Allah in Arabic

Works Cited http: //www. majorreligions. com/muhammad. php http: //bazamesuffa. 6 te. net/gallery. html http: //www. religioustolerance. org/isl_intr. htm http: //islam. about. com/od/mosques/tp/architecture_parts. htm http: //www. patheos. com/Library/Islam/Ritual-Worship-Devotion. Symbolism/Sacred-Time. html http: //www. historyforkids. org/learn/islam/religion/index. htm http: //www. truthnet. org/islam/whatisislam. html http: //islam. about. com/od/holidays/f/holidays. htm http: //www. islam 101. com/women/hijabfaq. html http: //www. themodernreligion. com/misc/hh/pork. html http: //wiki. answers. com/Q/What_food_Muslim's_can_or_cannot_eat http: //www. religionnews. com/index. php? /rnsblog/whats_the_differ ence_between_hijab_burqa_etc/ http: //www. islamproject. org/education/Africa_Mideast_etc. html http: //www. cctv. com/program/worldwidewatch/20090717/109130. shtml http: //www. proprofs. com/flashcards/story. php? title=prophetmuhammad http: //translate. google. com/? hl=en#auto|ar|Islam http: //islam. about. com/od/history/a/crescent_moon. htm http: //middleeast. about. com/od/religionsectarianism/a/me 070907 su nnis. htm http: //www. islamicity. com/mosque/uiatm/un_islam. htm http: //www. oilempire. us/new-map. html http: //library. thinkquest. org/28505/islam/fivep. htm http: //www. religionfacts. com/islam/beliefs. htm http: //articles. cnn. com/2009 -1007/world/muslim. world. population_1_god-but-god-middle-eastdistant? _s=PM: WORLD http: //www. religionfacts. com/islam/places/medina. htm http: //www. cfr. org/religion/islam-governing-under-sharia/p 8034 http: //www. religionfacts. com/islam/places/jerusalem. htm http: //www. islamreligion. com/articles/655/ http: //www. sacredsites. com/middle_east/saudi_arabia/mecca. html http: //photos-universe. blogspot. com/p/khana-kaba-wallpapers. html http: //www. darolhadith. net/modules. php? name=my_Books&action =-1&bid=14&re=0 http: //www. athirady. info/? attachment_id=109330&sess=9 d 0856 f 5 a 0 acc 18 b 649702 d 735 bc 6 b 02 http: //wisdomproliferation. blogspot. com/2010/06/quran-practicalbook. html http: //witcombe. sbc. edu/sacredplaces/domeofrock. html http: //www. jadaliyya. com/pages/index/1322/what-is-sharia