高考书面表达运用策略 to be with us 前言

高考书面表达运用策略 to be with us!

前言国家教育部于2000年提出了修改中学课程标准的意见，其指导思想是：一个宗旨（素质教育）、二个重点（创新精神和实践能力）、三个面向（面向未来、面向国际、面向竞争）。同时提出了英语素质教育的目的和内容：激发和培养学习兴趣，帮助学生树立自信心，形成有效的学习策略，养成良好的学习策略，养成良好的学习习惯、掌握一定的语言知识和基本技能，建立初步的语感，获得基本的语言运用能力，开发智力、培养观察、记忆、思维、想象、创造能力，了解文化差异，增强世界意识，为学生的发展和终身学习打下良好的基础。在如此背景下进行的本研究项目的意义在于既符合国家对中学外语教学所提的要求和目标，也将写的训练贯穿于日常教学活动的全过程，寓写于听说读等诸方面的训练中，从而使学生达到真正全面提高写的能力的目的。同时对中学外语教师指导学生如何写好英语作文也极具参考价值和帮助作用。

写作研究的现状和发展趋势目前国内就中学生英语写作课题尚缺乏较完整、系统和科学的研究，更勿论提出有份量乃至权威的实验报告，用以指导我国学生的英语写作。而随着我国经济与国际接轨及加入世贸组织后，英文写作的重要性正在日益凸现，我们知道，语言交际，就是传递和接受信息。传递信息就是说和写，接受信息就是听和读。听和说是口头交际，读和写是书面交际，我们不仅要听懂别人说的、看懂别人写的，而且还要自己能说，且要说得地道，写得洋气，这样才算是真正实现了用英语进行交际的目的。英语的听说读写四者密不可分，相互渗透，互为基础，又呈螺旋式提高。写的能力要在听说读的基础上培养和提高，而写的训练又能进一步提高听说读的能力，因此，今后有关中学生英文写作的研究将会越来越引起重视，并将进一步深化、细化。中文和英文毕竟是两种不同的语言，差异很大。我们在写英文的时候经常会出一些错误，一部分是最基本的语法错误，这里我们把英文写作中常犯的错误列出一部分，以引起我们的注意。另一部分是由于东西方文化的差异所带来的不同思维方式所造成的。

1989年全国高校招生统一考试英语书面表达（一）题目要求一个国际青年参观团正在访问我国某城市，你负责安排他们的参观活动。请起草一份通知，准备向参观团成员宣读。通知必须用一段话说明以下几点： 1. 参观日期： 7月22日，星期六。时间：早餐后8点出发。午餐在参观地吃。下午回来。 2. 参观内容：分四组，每组参观一个地方：厂、学校、农场或医院。 3. 欢迎每人参加一组活动。请选择好参观地点，并在今晚 9点前到服务台(the Service Desk)签名。一、

Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please? We have a busy day planned for tomorrow, Saturday July 22 nd. After breakfast we will leave to one of the various tours. You will have the choice of four tours: a factory, a school, a farm, or a hospital. You are welcome to join in any tour. The trip plan for each team is the same. We will leave at 8 am, have lunch and then return in the afternoon. Tonight you will be able to sign up for the tour of your choice. To sign up just go to the Service Desk by 9: 00 pm.

满分作文： Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please? Welcome to our city! I'm very glad to tell you our trip plans. There are four choices, including factories, schools, farms, and hospitals. It's up to you to decide which group you have interest. We're supposed to get going at 8 o'clock tomorrow morning right after breakfast, and you don't have to take any food with you since lunch will be served at the site. Please make sure the place that you feel like going and sign up at the service desk before 9 p. m. ! Thank you!

高考范文 Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please? On Saturday 22 July there will be visits to different places. Everybody is welcome. Each person can choose to go to one of the places-a factory, a farm, a school or a hospital. Please sign your name at the Service Desk before 9: 00 P. M. and say which place you wish to visit. We will set out after breakfast at eight and come back in the afternoon. We will have lunch at the place of visit. (or: Lunch will be served at the place of visit. ) （ 75 words ）

其它可用于本篇作文的好句子： 1. You will be put into four groups. 2. We have four trip plans for you to choose from. 3. You are supposed to be in any of the four groups. 4. There are four choices. It’s up to you to decide which one is yours. 5. Choose a place which you may feel like visiting. 6. We’ll get going at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning right after breakfast. 7. The trip is scheduled for a whole day, so I’m afraid we’ll have lunch on site. 8. In addition, you don’t have to take any food with you, since lunch will be served at the place you will be visiting. 9. Always stay with your guide, just to be on the safe side. 10. To make sure that the visits are well planned, we need you to sign up for your trip by 9: 00 P. M. . 11. Thank you for listening.

2003年全国高校招生统一考试英语书面表达（一）题目要求假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Bob将于九月到你所在城市的建新华文学校学中文，来信请你在学校附近为他找一套住房。请根据图画提供的信息，写信介绍住房的情况，并告知住房的面积为 25平方米，月租 500元。

Dear Bob, It was great to hear from you and I am very glad you will be coming here to study Chinese. I have done some research for you and found a nice apartment, only one bus stop away from your school. It is not that big, only 25 square metres, but I think it is fine for your needs. It consists of a small bathroom and a kitchen, and a bedroom. The rent is 500 yuan per month, is this suitable to your budget? If it is too expensive, please let me know as soon as possible so I can make further arrangements for you. Once again I am very excited that you will be coming here to study! I am looking forward to meeting you. (124 words)

高考范文 Dear Bob, 　 I’m so glad to learn that you are coming in September. I’ve found a place for you. It’s a small flat of 25 square metres, with a bedroom, a bathroom and a kitchen. In the bedroom there is a bed, a sofa, a desk and a chair. The rent is 500 yuan per month. The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. Bus No. 11 can take you straight to the school. In fact, it’s only one stop. Do you think you’d like it? If not, I can try and find another place for you. Just let me know. (108 words)

满分作文 Dear Mr Smith, I am very pleased to receive your letter and even more pleased to learn that you will come to China to study Chinese. I have found an apartment for you. The apartment is on the third floor of a six-storeyed building, which is located on a quiet tree-lined street—Fangcao Street. Fangco Street is only one stop away from Jianxin Chinese School, where you are planning to study this summer. The apartment has a bedroom, in which there is a comfortable sofa, a desk for office and a single bed. Inside there is also a bathroom and a kitchen. The apartment occupies an area of 25 square meters. The rent is 500 yuan per month. I hope that the apartments will meet your expectations, and I will help you with any additional requirements that you might have. All the best. (138 words)

其它可用于本篇作文的好句子： 1. The flat is in a great location. It is only walking distance to Jianxin Chinese School. 2. The apartment, which is 25 square metres in size, is in a building at Fangcao Street. 3. The flat is located one mile up the school. 4. Fangcao Street is the finest residential area in the city. 5. The apartment is located near the school and the Train Station, where the biggest shopping and entertainment Center is situated. 6. Situated on one of the longest shopping streets, this Apartment has a good traffic connection to many of the city's most visited tourist destinations.

7. The apartment is situated on a quiet street only five minutes away on foot from the school. 8. It's only few minutes away on foot from the flat. 9. The apartment is close to bus routes and motorways. 10. Close to the center of the city, the school is a few minutes away. 11. A stone's throw away is Jianxin Chinese School, which is well-noted among foreign friends here. 12. Just one bus stop away is Jianxin School. Nearby is a beautiful pedestrian street, where you will find many of small shops and restaurants.

13. Public transportation is excellent. 14. On Fangcao Street many bus lines intersect, making it a very good starting point for exploring the city. 15. The room is beautifully decorated. 16. As soon as you step into the bedroom, you can see a sofa standing against the wall, just facing the door. 17. A bathroom and a kitchen are also available. 18. The apartment size is 25 sqm. 19. The kitchen is fully equipped. The bathroom is nice with a modern bathtub. 20. If you are interested in this apartment email me or telephone 010 - 504287.

04年浙江省高考英语卷书面表达解析一、题目假设你是李越, 你的加拿大笔友Steve来信说, 他和他的一些同学正在学中文, 请你推荐两本学中文的词典，根据下表提供的信息, 请你给他写一封回信. 英汉/汉英词典收词(字) 18, 000(英语) 　价格　特点新华字典 20, 000(汉语) 10, 000 52元 11元大量例子、用法说明, 适合初学者中国最常用的汉语字典

二、写作解析不少教师认为本案起点比较低，尖子生发挥水平的空间比较少，连“初中毕业生”都可以“应付”。但是评卷结果却让人大跌眼镜：该题的全省平均得分只有12. 58分，满分（25分）者更是凤毛麟角。

三、语句使用建议　１、这种英汉、汉英的方式使得学生能更方便地查找参照词。２、这本字典实际上是“双向”字典：一半是英汉，一半是汉英，　　分别拥有20, 000个汉字和18, 000英语单词。３、这本字典大约有10, 000字。４、英汉部分的英语单词后面都有相对应的汉语。５、所有的汉字都有英语翻译，这些翻译有助于更精确地理解汉字。６、尽管没有小本的《新华字典》那样容易携带，《英汉/汉英》字典还是更受学生们的欢迎。７、对于常见的单词来说，它还含有充足的例子。８、它提供了大量的用法注解。

9、它有相当多的例句和注解。 10、由于其易用和全面，我也经常使用这本字典。 11、我向所有中文学习者推荐这本字典。 12、因为它拥有其他字典不曾拥有的东西，所以我说它很有用。 13、平均三个中国人就有一个拥有这本字典。 14、总体上说，它特别有用，是本很有价值的字典。 15、与其他字典相比，这本字典十分有用。 16、总而言之，要选汉语字典，这是最好的选择之一。

1、The English-Chinese, Chinese-English format makes it convenient for students to cross-reference words. 2、This dictionary is actually a two-way dictionary: one half is English/Chinese and the other half is Chinese/English, containing some 20, 000 Chinese words and 18, 000 English words. 3、This dictionary has roughly 10, 000 words. 4、The E/C section has the English word followed by the Chinese equivalent. 5、All Chinese characters are followed by English translation, which helps you understand the characters more accurately. 6、While not as portable as the smaller XD, the E/C C/E was more warmly welcomed by my students. 7、For common words it also includes efficient examples. 8、It provides lots of usage notes.

9、It has a good number of example sentences with necessary usage notes. 10、I use this dictionary a lot due to its ease of use and its completeness. 11、I highly recommend this dictionary for all learners of mandarin Chinese language. 12、I have found this dictionary to be very helpful because it has what many Chinese dictionaries do not have. 13、On average, one in three Chinese own a copy of the dictionary. 14、Overall, it is extremely useful and a good value. 15、This dictionary is incredibly useful comparing to other ones. 16、In short, it's one of your best options for a Chinese dictionary.

四、范文欣赏 1、高考范文 Dear Steve, I’m so pleased to learn that you and your classmates are learning Chinese. I’d like to recommend the following two dictionaries. The English-Chinese-English Dictionary is really a good one for beginners. It has 18, 000 English words and 20, 000 Chinese words. Besides plenty of examples, it has many notes telling you bow to use a word. Xinhua dictionary is the most popular Chinese dictionary, and it has a vocabulary of 10, 000 words. It may also be useful to some advanced learners of Chinese. Of the two, ECCED is the more expensive, costing 52 yuan, and XD costs 11 yuan. Please let me know if you want me to buy these dictionaries. (111 words)

2、考场高分范文 Dear Steve, Thank you very much for your last letter which asked me something about how to choose a dictionary for learning Chinese. Here I strongly recommend you the following two which may be useful to you. One of them is the English-Chinese/Chinese-English Dictionary, which will cost you 52 yuan. It contains some 18, 000 English words and 20, 000 Chinese words. As it has lots of examples showing how to use the words, it will be much valuable for the beginners like you. The other one, Xinhua Dictionary, which charges you only 11 yuan and has a collection of 10, 000 Chinese words. It is the most commonly used one in China. If you need my help with your Chinese please write to me. (120 words)

3、教师范文 Dear Steve, Very glad to have received your letter, saying that you and your classmates are learning English. I wish you good luck with your efforts in Chinese learning. In your letter you also ask what Chinese dictionaries to use. Here are the two that I highly recommend. An ideal tool for study, the English-Chinese & Chinese–English dictionary collects 20, 000 Chinese words and 18, 000 English words. Abundant examples illustrate how and when a word can be used. As a must-have reference for beginners, the dictionary is worth the price, 52 yuan. The Xinhua Dictionary, consisting of 10, 000 Chinese words, has been the most influential Chinese-only dictionary available. The dictionary is relatively small, easy to carry and affordable, costing only 11 yuan. If you have further questions, let me know. (128 words)

五、范文评析《普通高校招生全国统一考试大纲》中英语学科书面表达的“评分标准”中指出，评分时，应该注意“应用词汇和语法结构的数量、上下文的连贯性和语言的得体性”；最高档次的给分要求中还要求考生能够“应用较多的语法结构和词汇；……尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇，具备较强的语言用用能力；有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑”等等。这些要求在上述三篇范文中，尤其是最后两篇范文中，都有较好的体现。

范文中能够通过从属连词（第 2篇）、非限制性定语从句（第 2篇）、同位语（第 3篇）和现在分词短语（第 1、 3篇）等语法结构来构建长句，使多个要点能够在一个句子中得以表达，从而使意义更为连贯、文章更为流畅。本案的并列信息比较多，如价格、拥有词汇量等，但是上面提到的多种语法结构的运用，使文章摆脱了内容上的乏味，变得很耐读。。范文中也体现了较强的词汇运用能力。在“考场高分范文”中，contain、charge、a collection of等的正确运用，无疑为文章增色不少；而“教师范文”中的用词亦有可圈可点之处，通过efforts、collect、abundant、 illustrate、consist of、influential、available、 relatively等词，彰显了作者的词汇量，这与评分标准中的要求也是相吻合的。

一、故事或人物介绍 1. Fire! （By Rebekah, Grade 5, Homeschooled, Dillsboro, Indiana, USA） "Fire!" some one yelled from across the street. I looked next door to see my best friend Sarah's house on fire! Soon a big crowd had gathered to watch the house burn. It was 3: 30 AM. The fire trucks weren't even there yet. I wondered “Was Sarah ok? What was happening in the house that took so long? ” The next thing I knew was running up to Sarah's house. At that moment someone was running out and I could see it was John, Sarah's older brother. Everyone was out but Sarah. Then it was 7: 30 AM and everyone was starting to go home and the fire trucks had come and gone. I had to go before it was over so I didn't see anything. The next morning on the 11: 00 o'clock news they were talking about the fire the night before and it said that Kaye, Sarah's little sister, was hurt! They also said that Sarah died saving her sister. That was a week ago and I just got back from Sarah's funeral(葬礼), and I hope one day to see her again.

二、事件 1 ．Terrorism One Tuesday, I woke up, got dressed and had my breakfast. I went to school, thinking it would be just another boring day, but I saw that the classes were not lined up. Everyone was crowded inside. Why? "Did you hear the news? " Dani, my friend, asked. "What news? " I responded. "About the World Trade Center. " I did not know what the World Trade Center was, and I am still not too familiar with it. I tried acting as if I knew what he was talking about. "What happened? " I asked. "It got bombed, " said Dani. "Isn't it sad? " "Yeah, " I said, still not knowing what he was talking about. When the bell rang everybody went into the library. The principal talked to the classes about the attacks. Then everybody went to their normal class. Mine was P. E. Before I knew it, school was canceled for the rest of the day. I was pretty sad when I got to know more about the news. But I didn’t understand why my school closed. I thought that school was a safe place to be. (182 words)

三、地点或情况介绍 1．Mall of America When we arrived in Blaine, we headed straight to Mall of America. It was the biggest mall I have ever seen in my life. It must be twenty times the size of Oak View, I thought! We were really high up. When my family stepped through the doors, I lost my breath. It was gigantic! I could not believe it! There were stores after stores. I had never seen so many stores in one little section of the mall. "Wow!" I said. "This is a huge indoor amusement park!" As we walked through to buy tickets, we saw rides, games, food, toys, and clothes. Then, at the ticket stand I saw my soccer teammate Kelley. I yelled "Hey, Kelley. " We said, "Hi" and our families started talking, while our dads bought the tickets. We went on all the rides together, but I skipped three. My brother wanted to go shopping and so did I, so we said good-bye to Kelley and his family. We spent three hours shopping and did not even get through 1/8 of the store. Then, we had to go back to the hotel. I had a fantastic day and I will never forget it. （198 words）

四、活动 1． The Roller Coaster (云霄飞车) (By Justin, Grade 7, Mason Middle School, Waterford, Michigan, USA) Beep. . . , I woke up, hit the alarm clock and rushed down the hall to my dad’s room and tried to wake him up. "Dad wake up! It's 8: 30. We’ve got to hurry and get ready!" It was a bright and sunny Thursday morning. The reason we were in such a big rush was that we had woken up a half hour later than we were supposed to and we were going to the Children’s Palace. By the time we got ready it was 9: 15. We were off as soon as we could. During the 20 -minute car ride I listened to my CD player. We were finally there. I ran to the entrance and waited for my dad. We waited in line for a half an hour before we got on a roller coaster and it was awesome! We raced around the track. It felt like my heart was going to explode because of the excitement! That was one of the coolest roller coasters I've ever been on. After we got off, I knew that was my favorite roller coaster. (186 words)

五、观点 1. How to be a Fourth Grader I am a fourth grade student in Florida. I would like to share with you my experience being a fourth grader. Is there any third grade student who wants to know how to be able to pass fourth grade? Well, you should read this. If you don't read this, you might flunk out of fourth grade. To begin with, before you can pass fourth grade, you have to learn how to be a good writer. Especially if you would like to get a good grade on your report card, you have to keep practicing your writing. Believe it or not, there are many writing tests in fourth grade, such as the Florida State Writing Test, in which you have to write five paragraphs and finish in forty-five minutes. Another reason why writing is so important is because with good writing, you can express your ideas well. This will help you when you work on a school project. Secondly, you have to be organized when you are in fourth grade. For example if you are organized, then you could find your books, homework, some school papers and folders right away. Also, you would not waste too much time looking for your books or pencils in a messy desk. For this reason, you will have a pretty organized desk and not lose anything so easily, since you are an organized person.

Another important thing you need to do in fourth grade is to listen to your teacher all the time, even if you think that you are a very smart student. Every teacher likes students who pay attention. The student who pays attention and listens to the teacher usually knows what to do and how to do all the school projects or homework the first time the directions are given by the teacher. I always follow my teacher's instruction in the classroom. The last thing you will need to do in the fourth grade is to make a good plan and to study your homework every day after school, so you will be ready for the school examination any time. I think that a good student should not play all the time. A good student should not watch too much television at home. You should prepare for a lesson every day. In other words, you finish your study first; then you can play with your friends or go to a sleep-over birthday party. Now you know that it is not too easy to be a fourth grader, but if you have read this and follow my advice, I believe that you should not have any problems in fourth grade, and you will be able to pass fourth grade in any fourth grade teacher's class. I hope you will enjoy your fourth grade, and I hope you will be a great fourth grade student. (471 words)

六、校园生活 1． My First Week of Fifth Grade On the first day of fifth grade, I was very nervous and excited. You know how everyone tries to make a good impression on the first day? Well, it took me at least one whole hour to do my hair! On Monday, we were quite busy getting adjusted to our new year of school. We learned about what the fifth grade teachers called "community service. " A community service is what fifth grade students must do when they get in trouble. Some of the jobs include pulling weeds, sweeping the sidewalks, or picking up rocks from the old soccer field. On the second day, we started to put our notebooks together. That was what we did most of the day. A few days later we started to plant a tree. Nothing to it - just a bit of hard work. Every Monday after school, you can sign up to go to a singing group. In the spring we get to travel out of the state. The trips were a blast. Singing and traveling is what Grade 4 is all about! The first week of school let me see how much fun I would have in the year ahead. I'm looking forward to the rest of my year in fifth grade.

七、通知、信件等文件 1. Boys and girls, May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make. Year 5's school trip next half-term, on Friday, 5 th July, will be a visit to Kentwell Hall in Suffolk, a trip back in time to the sixteenth century. We will leave school promptly at 8 a. m. and expect to return by 6 p. m. We visited Kentwell last year and, although it is a long day and more expensive than the usual school trips, it is a wonderful experience for the children and well worth the extra money and the long journey. Everyone will dress up in Tudor costume, which is very simple and details are attached to help! The children will also learn how to speak as people did in 1539 and will experience life as it was at Kentwell in the last years of Henry VIII‘s reign(统治). That’s all. Thank you. (146 words)

语法错误 _____ 第一节代词错误（4－1）代词错误中国人说话重复很多，代词用得不如英文多。比如，我们说“男孩有男孩的特点，女孩有女孩的特点” ，不会说成“男孩有他们的特点，女孩有她们的。” 而英文却通常是这么说的：Boys have their traits, girls theirs. 因此，我们写英文很可能在代词方面出错误。 1. Before leaving the classroom, we usually clean the teacher's desk first and our later. （提示：注意物主代词的用法。名词性物主代词有： mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs, its等。这句话中our应是ours表示our desks。）

语法错误 _____ 第一节代词错误（4－2） 2. Every one in our dormitory takes the room as the second home. 与 every one 是不同的， every one 应与of 短语连用，如：every one of us 等。）（提示：everyone 3. I am looking for a flat. I’d like it with a garden. （提示：英语中用以指代前面出现的单数名词的代词较多，如it, one, that等，而犹以it最为常见。学生往往倾向于用it指代任何单数名词。此处的it，实是指不确定的某一公寓（a flat）, 应用one来指代为佳。）

语法错误 _____ 第一节代词错误（4－3） 4. Each boy has himself’s favorite toys. （提示：反身代词表达“自己”的概念。学生易根据名词所有格的构成规则，生造出himself’s的表达方式，这是大错特错的。此句宜改为: Each boy has his own favorite toys. Each boy has favorite toys of his own. )

语法错误 _____ 第一节代词错误（4－4） 5. You can sit at both ends of the boat. （提示：英语中有both, either, neither等词，都是对“两个”的概念作出不同的陈述。中国学生易将“两”的概念无限放大，而忽略了他们各自的内在意义，如both表示“两者全部”；either表示“ 两者中取一”。根据“一个人在同一时间只能坐在一个地方”的基本常识，此句应改为：You can sit at either end of the boat. ）

语法错误 _____ 第二节连词错误（4－1）第二节连词错误中文句子结构是意合，也就是说词与词在意义上合成一句话。英文的句子结构则是形合，它用连词合成句子。比如：中文说“他不来，我不去”。英文不可以说He doesn't come, I won't go，而应说成 I won't go until / before / unless he comes. 我们写英文时常在连词方面出一些错误。

语法错误 _____ 第二节连词错误（4－2） 1. Her parents died, so she lived with her grandfather in a small wooden house. However, her aunt was a bad woman and she sold her to a rich family. [提示：however是in spite of this 或nevertheless的意思，有的语法专家称为“半连接词”，然而，可是, 较but意味稍弱，如： Scotland sometimes has very strong winds, especially in winter. However, that night was the worst one in history. (Lesson 42, The Hurricane, Unit 11, SEFCBII-B) 显然，此处的however 在连接下面句子时起了误导作用。可以what's even worse 来替换。] 2. You can stick to your opinion, I'll insist on my own view. （提示：两句话之间没有连词，只用一个逗号连接，是病句。该句应在I'll 前加but。）

语法错误 _____ 第二节连词错误（4－3） 3. I have a lot of good friends in the school. We were very close to each other. One of them cried sadly when we left school last summer. （提示：我们在做书面表达题时，应有效使用语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑，上下文连贯。显然这是个较高层次的要求，但它对增强文章逻辑性、可读性、交际性很有好处，不少学生写出来的短文虽然单个句子语法正确，但语句间缺少照应和过渡。上面这个句子最好能在one of them…前加上 That‘s why，这样可以说明上下文的因果关系。下面还有几句。)

语法错误 _____ 第二节连词错误（4－4） 4. In the evening I can watch news on TV or read newspapers. What's more, I can go to bed earlier. As far as I know, everyone is happy about the new arrangement of thee things. （提示：以上是 2001年高考书面表达题参考答案，如果去掉划线部分的过渡性连接用词，文章可能不会准确表达作者的特定心理。） 5. We have some activities in our school, like English Festival, SBA, that is Students’ Basketball Association. （提示：同样，SBA需要一个句子来说明。）

语法错误 _____ 第三节名词错误（3－1）名词错误几乎每个句子都会有名词，在使用名词时，我们常犯的错误会有以下几种：①单复数及主谓一致问题； ②同义、近义词误用；③按中国意思来修饰或表达。 1. I hope that I can become a member of Chinese country team. （提示：country 应改为national。country, state, nation应该区别清楚的。） 2. The company will make a lot of things such as computers, machine robots. （提示：robot 就是“机器人”的意思了。）

语法错误 _____ 第三节名词错误（3－2） 3. I used to visit his house to spend the weekends together. （提示：house应为family，因为后面说了spend the weekends。） 4. He as well as the other group members are supposed to take turns to speak. （提示：谓语动词的数只与主语一致，而与介词短语[如这里的as well as]没有关系。故此处的take 应与he的数保持一致。常常会有同学因为主谓间隔过长而迷失判断方向。）

语法错误 _____ 第三节名词错误（3－3） 5. A woman’s doctor came up to me and asked what was the matter. （提示: 汉语中“…的”有时表示拥有关系，如“我的书”，有时不表示拥有关系，如“红的书；而英语中的“’s”则通常[不是百分百]表示拥有关系。有些同学学了所有格的用法，往往矫枉过正，以为什么样的名词修饰另外一个名词时都要加“’s”。若此处用a woman’s doctor，则意为“一个女士拥有的医生”！如何不令人啼笑皆非！。宜改为a woman doctor才好。）

语法错误 _______ 第四节动词时态错误（4－1）动词时态错误中文语法没有时态一说，各种时间概念是由状语表示的，如“现在”、“过去”、“正在”、“将来 ”等等; 而在英文里，这些时间概念则可以由各种时态来表现出来。再者，英语中的时态很复杂，例如，现在时态不一定表示“现在”的时间概念，再加上被动语态和虚拟语气，问题可就更复杂了。 1. If the library will be built before the students graduate from the school, they can also benefit from it. （提示：在条件式时间从句中，一般现在时态用来表示将来的动作，will be 应改为is。）

语法错误 _______ 第四节动词时态错误（4－2） 2. How is your trip to New York? （提示：该问句所涉及到的时间是“过去时”，这一点中国的英语学习考往往出错，应把is 改为was。另外：再看一句，“Oh, you are back home, I don’t know you were here. 同理，don't 应为 didn't，是“刚才”我还不知道你在这里。） 3. I felt asleep while attending the concert. （提示：英语中有不少动词的过去式、过去名词易混肴的。如, fall / fell / fallen 和 feel / felt 便是一组。）

语法错误 _______ 第四节动词时态错误（4－3） 4. It was Grandma's birthday. Father, Mother and I went to visit her. She lived with my uncle in a village not too far away. Early in the morning we bought some presents and took the bus to get there. （提示：这是 1999年高考题中书面表达题的一段。看上去每个句子的时态很一致，都用了过去时，然而lived是唯一可以从“过去——现在，可能还会持续到将来”的一个动作，它必须是 lives。）

语法错误 _______ 第四节动词时态错误（4－4） 5. He had lived in New York for three years when he was a child. （提示：在时态判别中，常常会有同学唯“时间短语”马首是瞻，而忽略了情景的分析。他们认为这里的for three years就是跟完成时连用的。实际上，live的动作是在was a child（过去时）中间发生的，而非在它之前发生，故也就不能用过去完成时。应把had lived改为lived才对。）

语法错误 _____ 第五节非谓语动词错误（3－1）非谓语动词错误非谓语动词是中文中所没有的。非谓语动词包括现在分词、过去分词、动名词和动词不定式。非谓语动词用法较为复杂，我们容易用错，其中常见错误是状语动作行为者与主句主语不一致。 1. Studying alone, his attention is concentrated on his lessons. （提示：这句话译成中文似乎很通：一个人学习，注意力集中在功课上。但是，从英文角度来看，状语的动作行为者应该是he。我们可以把句子改动一下：Studying alone, he concentrates his attention on his lessons）

语法错误 _____ 第五节非谓语动词错误（3－2） 2. In his opinion, get fat is a terrible thing. （提示：get是谓语动词，而我们却需要做主语的动名词，我们可以这样说: Getting fat is a terrible thing. ） 3. Whenever I got to the market, the first thing I did was look for cartoons. （提示：I did 是定语从句，显然与后面的was 没有关系，但是，was后面竟再次出现谓语动词，我们可以将look for变为to look for ，或 looking for 这两种非谓语动词。）

语法错误 _____ 第五节非谓语动词错误（3－3） 4. —Who are the boys and girls over there? —A team called itself the group of learning from Lei Feng. （提示：是用现在名词还是过去分词，关键在于这个动作是谁发出的。句中出现了itself一词，这就说明call这个动作的发出应是team，故应改为 calling。） 5. The children made the beds without asking. （提示：许多同学对谓语动词的“态”的熟悉远不如对“ 时”的熟悉那么强烈，更不要说是非谓语动词的态了。因此简易大家以后把“时态”叫做“态时”算了！根据逻辑意义，此处的asking应改为being asked。）

语法错误 ____第六节形容词、副词错误（3－1）形容词、副词错误不少学生分不清形容词和副词，形容词、副词间的同义、近义词分不清，所以有必要把它们作为一个项目提出来。 1. You can’t imagine how wonderful she sings. （提示：注意副词修饰动词，该用wonderfully。） 2. Because of the rain in the morning, the roads became smooth. （提示：应把 smooth改为slippery。smooth是光滑的，而slippery则是difficult to hold、drive or walk，有个例句可以说明这一点：Drive very carefully, the roads are wet and slippery. ）

语法错误 ____第六节形容词、副词错误（3－2） 3. Mary : John says I'm pretty. Andy says I'm ugly. What do you think, Peter? Peter : A bit of both. I think you're prettily ugly. （提示：pretty可以用作形容词，也可以用作副词。类似词还有hard, straight等。这句话里的pretty就是副词，修饰good。） 4. I very miss her. （提示：very 虽然是副词，但它不修饰动词，该句可以这样说：I miss her very much. 类似的句子还有，I like English very much. I treasure that very much等等。）

语法错误 ____第六节形容词、副词错误（3－3） 5. Life today is more better than it was 50 years ago. （提示：比较级不可以修饰另一个比较级。对比较级的常见修饰词[如even, much, still等]应了然于心。此处宜将more改为much。） 6. The river is very wide to swim across. （提示：副词very, quite, too等意义相近，用法却有所差别。只有“too”常用在“too…to do sth”的结构中，表示“太…而不能”之意。） 7. He looked angry at the couple sitting behind. （提示：look可作系动词，后接形容词，意为“看上去”。但此处的look与at连用，是个实义动词，表达一个动作的概念。应将angry改为angrily。）

语法错误 ___第七节介词与固定搭配错误（3－1）介词与固定搭配错误英语中有大量的介词与动词搭配式组合。例如：to put up with 表示“忍受”，只能用介词with，又如：英文“抢劫”是 rob sb. of sth. ，不是rob sth. of sb. 。这就给我们写作带来不少困难。 1. Suddenly, a football hit my face and of course I felt very painful. （提示：“打在某人脸上”就象rob sb. of sth. 一样，是一种固定说法，应该说，hit sb. in the face. 同类的还有: hit sb. on the shoulder, pull sb. by the arm(sleeve)等。）

语法错误 ___第七节介词与固定搭配错误（3－2） 2. By working hard, I can make it reality. （提示：“将……变成现实”是turn sth. into reality, 类似的说法，come true, 而一般不能说 be come true。） 3. She is a good example for me. （提示：“给……树立了榜样”是be an example to sb. ，同类的说法还有，set / follow an example to sb. ，如：Mary’s courage is an example to us all. 。）

语法错误 ___第七节介词与固定搭配错误（3－3） 4. I swear I won't cry even as tears fall from my eyes. （提示：from侧重于 “来源”，宜改为out of为妥。当然我们也常说：even as tears come to my eyes或 even as tears press behind my eyes。） 5. He went to visit one of his friends during he stayed in the city. （提示：此句从汉语意思上看并无不妥。但during 乃典型介词，后不接从句。故句子应改为He went to visit one of his friends during his stay in the city. 才妥当。）

语法错误 _____ 第八节从句错误（3－1）从句错误英语从句的种类很多，有主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、定语从句、同位语从句、状语从句等。 1. I hope there will be more picture books that our children find it interesting to read them. （提示：注意定语从句中的that, which, who, when, where等在从句中起一定成分的作用。） 2. I always think of what am I going to be in 10 years. （提示：what所引导的宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。）

语法错误 _____ 第八节从句错误（3－2） 3. It's a six-storey building, the color of it is light yellow. （提示：这个句子应该是个非限制性定语从句，it 应改为which。） 4. I can’t find him. Because I have lost his address. （提示： “从句”就是“跟从别人的句子”。此处的 Because显然已经独立于前一个句子了。宜将整个句子改为：I can’t find him, because I have lost his address. ）

语法错误 _____ 第八节从句错误（3－3） 5. Who wants to go please sign up at the Service Desk by 9: 00 AM. （提示: who引导名词性从句，此从句可译为“ 谁想要去[这事情]”。许多同学只去关注“谁想要去”这一意义，而忽略了这一从句表达“…的事情”的概念。宜将Who改为Anyone who或 Whoever. ）

语法错误 _____ 第九节漏词与累赘（3－1）漏词与累赘许多学生在写英文作文的时候，只考虑意思，对英语语言本身却是顾不过来，漏词可能会导致误解。同样累赘也可能会导致误解。 1. The reason why so many people prefer to live in the country is because the air in the city is polluted. （提示：既然已经有了the reason，就不要再用because了，应改为that。）

语法错误 _____ 第九节漏词与累赘（3－2） 2. I appreciate detective stories better than any stories. （提示：中国学生写英文，由于中文说话习惯的影响，往往漏掉other这个词。） 3. The world people live in the future is determined by what we do it today. （提示：注意people live in 是定语从句，修饰 the world, 其中介词in不可省略。）

语法错误 _____ 第九节漏词与累赘（3－3） 4. Today I visited the Smiths---my first time visit to an American family. （提示：虽然my first time的表达是正确的，但first可以直接修饰一个名词，因此此处要将time删去。） 5. Although I felt sorry for him, but I was secretly happy. （提示：汉语中的连词常有“因为…所以”“虽然 …但是”等表达方式。但英语中的连歌分句只能用一个连词连接。Although和but都是常见连词，因此去除but。）

语用失误 _____ （10－1）这一章节中所收集的只是很少一部分有关不同的思维方式所造成的语言运用失误，解决这些失误的根本方法是刻意了解东西方文化差异，模仿地道英语的表达方式，日积月累自然会成功的。我真诚地期待各位同仁能与我一道收集这类题材，因为这个过程本身就在polishing our English。 1. One day I visited the Internet and I opened QICQ. (explored ) 2. After the talk to the students, I looked around the school. I found great changes in my former school. ( toured )

语用失误 _____ （10－2） 3. When I arrived at my former school, I saw students in the school campus, shouting "Welcome to our school. " ( Welcome back) 4. Don't fight. Now you are required go back to the classroom and wash the windows. ( clean; windows 后加as a punishment) 5. Sometimes there was a lot of rubbish in his desk or there are used bowls borrowed from the cafeteria on the bed. (uncleaned)

语用失误 _____ （10－3） 6. The movie "Pearl Harbor" is wonderful. Its sense of reality is very good. ( I can sense its reality) 7. My family is very happy. ( I have a happy family. ) 8. Jin Yong's Books. ( Books by Jin Yong) 9. The teachers were both kind and strict. carefully They taught us carefully. (patiently)

语用失误 _____ （10－4） 10. But sometimes I feel unhappy because difficult. the study is very difficult ( I have great difficulty in my studies. ) 11. Tears sometimes fall down my face (cheeks) 12. I must grasp the time which belongs to me. ( treasure) 13. I don't think your plan will be useful ( work)

语用失误 _____ （10－5） 14. I was very glad when we went to the country, because of the interesting things there. ( I always enjoyed seeing the beautiful things in the country. ) 15. These places gave me much happiness. ( I feel really happy when I remember these places. ) 16. We could not boil the rice ripe. ( We had difficulty boiling the rice. )

语用失误 _____ （10－6） 17. But if I wanted to get home, I must go across a small stream. (However, every time I wanted to get home I needed to go across a small stream. ) 18. But my curiosity tells me to go on swimming. ( However, I was very curious to have a swim and to see what it was like. ) 19. At last, I was afraid that my parents would beat me. That was a problem. ( One of the problems was that I was afraid that my parents would beat me. )

语用失误 _____ （10－7） 20. On the evening of Oct. 18, the Chinese national football team got the ticket to the world cup. ( On the evening of Oct. 18, the Chinese national football team secured their place in the world cup. ) 21. My company will be able to extend all over the world. ( My company will be able to expand all over the world. )

语用失误 _____ （10－8） 22. Sometimes there were two or three trains staying in the station. ( Sometimes there were two or three trains waiting at the station. ) 23. It is fine Sunday and many people are free. The sly Japanese launch a sudden attach on Pearl Harbor. ( It is a fine Sunday and many people are enjoying themselves. They sly Japanese unexpectedly launch a sudden attack on Pearl Harbor. )

语用失误 _____ （10－9） 24. The classroom was very noisy yesterday evening. (It was very noisy in the classroom yesterday evening. ) 25. He sent his son to school on foot every morning. (He walked his son to school every morning. ) 26. My bicycle lost air yesterday on my way home. (I got a flat tire yesterday on my way home. )

语用失误 _____ （10－10） 27. Class is finished. (Class is over. ) 28. It has no meaning to get up so early. (It doesn’t make any sense to get up so early. ) 29. I didn’t hear your name. (I didn’t quite catch your name. ) 30. I thanked him and stopped the phone. (I thanked him and hung up the phone. )

以下10个句子的翻译可能存在不同问题。请根据本节课所学的知识对句子进行修改或润色。 1. 你走那条路的？Which road did you walk? 2. 这本书写什么？What was the book written? 3. 我有一个意想不到的东西给你？I have surprise for you. 4. 论文我还没打完。还有三页。I am not through typing the paper. I have three pages to go. 5. 学习语言很有意思。Learning languages should be funny. 6. 汤姆的生日就在这个星期。Tom’s birthday is in this week.

7. 我不是故意要伤害你的。I don’t mean to hurt you. 8. 地上都是废纸。The floor was full of paper. 9. 他自始至终都知道事情的发生。He knew what was happening from beginning to end. 10. 这茶喝起来有点怪。The tea tastes a bit strangely. 1. Which road did you take? 2. What is the book all about? 3. I have a surprise for you. 4. I am not through typing the paper. I have three more pages to go. 5. Learning languages should be fun. 6. Tom’s birthday is this week. 7. I didn’t mean to hurt you. 8. Waste paper was all over the floor. 9. He knew what was happening all along. 10. The tea tastes a bit strange.

第四章模拟作文文句库（课内外句子的欣赏）第一节：事件开头: (1)、More than 220 people were killed in the fire which destroyed the Capital Building on February 4 th , 1974. (2)、Kunta wondered why the white people had done this to him. Born a free man, he was now in chains. (3)、Why do earthquakes happen? Scientists explain that the outside of the earth is made of a number of different plates.

故事的发展：（1）、 But this was before Annie Sullivan came to stay. She was a lively young woman with patience and imagination. （2）、From then on, Marie and Pierre worked together on their research. They devoted all their hours to working in their laboratory.

结尾：（1）、Holmes said to her, “ you were supposed to die like that. I’m not sorry that I drove the snake back into this room where it attacked its keeper. ” （2）、That necklace you borrowed from me wasn’t a real diamond necklace. It was worth five hundred francs at the most. （3）、Quite right, sir, quite right. One moment-------Let me show you out, sir. Good day, sir, good day.

课外欣赏：开头：(1). From today’s newspaper I learn that you need a part—time singer. I hope to get the job. 选自《新思维》 (2). The east---Midland city of Leicester(莱斯特市 ) has hardly been known as a hotbed(温床) of sports. 选自《莱斯特足球目标已定》 (3). Our company requires a Market Assistant(营销助理) to assist our foreign based sales staff（驻外销售人员）. 选自《营销管理》

发展：(1)、Whether you’re at a party, dinner, meeting your new neighbors, in your first day on the job, or in any one of a million different settings(在任何一种背景下). The subjects that you can open a conversation with are almost unlimited(无穷无尽的). 选自《如何在交谈中打破僵局》 (2)、We are different ; We were different in ways of thinking and behaving(思维方式和举止) ; But I can still say we are different ; If there had been no differences between East and West ; I’m afraid if there had been no differences. 选自《东方和西方-----我们能否在两种文化中生活？》

结尾： (1)、Cathy passes away（死了）. However, people sometimes still see Heathcliff（人名：希斯克利夫） and Cathy wandering along the moor（荒野）together. They say that it is their immortal love（不死的爱）. 选自《呼啸山庄》 (2)、Please send your resume(简历) in English Before April 8, 2002 to Jing Guang Center. 选自《营销管理》（1）、：I’m looking forward to hearing from you. I hope I can receive your letter soon. I’m waiting for your good reply. etc.

第二节：人物一、一般性介绍。 1、人物生平的介绍 (1)、Abraham Lincoln, the son of a poor family, was born in Kentucky, USA, on February 12 th, 1809. He spent very little time at school. (2)、Albert Einstein was born in Germany on March 14 th , 1879. When he was a young boy he used to ask lots of questions. 课外欣赏： (1)、When she was 16, living in the Bronx, Mamie Levy (my mom) was known as one of the best ballroom dancers（小舞星） in the neighborhood（街坊）. (2)、Risca was born and raised in Romania. She emigrated（移居） to the United States in 1991.

2．对人物的赞美 (1)、He’s very successful. Who’s he? Haven’t you heard of him ? He’s a very famous singer. (2)、There was once a famous detective named Sherlock Holmes. Well known for his expert advice, he was able to help a great number of people with their personal affairs. (1)、I felt a deep appreciation for Steve Allen. (2)、Tyrone was different. Warm—hearted; clever; work hard; devote---to; iron will; be liked and admired; be successful

3．人物的健康状况 (1)、I don’t feel well. I’ve got a high temperature and my back aches. I’ve got a pain here. (2)、 A boy sneezed, he said he had a headache, he was in bed with a high temperature. 课外欣赏：（1）、I’m built like a Clydesdale: thick, strong, good to go. （2）、Mama with health problems most of her life, she traveled little in her 78 years. 《我最难忘的人》（3）、In order to carry out the keep—fit program throughout the country, our school has decided to hold 10, 000—metre race. 选自《复习备考》 (4). Now more and more students are getting near—sighted in

二、人物的心理描写 3 喜： Tears of joy filled his eyes. / I left him standing by the counter so happy that I almost envied him. 怒: I was extremely angry. / He hated the cruel deeds of the French nobles and the way they treated the peasants. 哀：Looking up at me with a weak smile, the boy left the store. / Four times I saw the boy’s eager face turn to disappointment. 乐：He cries out, full of joy. / It was the first joy I had know for years. 课外欣赏: (1)、It is an indescribale（难以描述） moment when a son sees his mother getting the greatest thrill（快乐） of her life. The tears welled up in my eyes. (2)、I wasn’t sure what I was doing. (我简直是气昏

、人物的神态描写: (1)、外貌描写：His hair had turned white. / He was a little man with thick glasses. / She pretended to be a lawyer, and her maid, Nerissa, dressed herself as a lawyer’s clerk. (2)、表情描写： How eagerly he looked up at the sales assistant for an answer, and how disappointed he looked when the man refused his request. / The bookseller with a curious look. 课外欣赏: (1)、Me , tall, blonde（白皙的肤色） and fair（金黄色的头发） with my hand on Uncle Melrose’s bent back. He is fair, too, but very small. (2)、He was very small, perhaps only about 165 centimeters with skinny（皮包骨的）arms and legs

四、人物的品质描写 But she is also remembered for her determination and courage, her willingness to share her knowledge, her interest in woman’s rights, and her medical service during the war. (高尚情操的描写) The people had considered him to be a great leader, and a wise, kind and honest man. Such was Albert Einstein. ( 优秀品质的描写) Not only do disabled people read , write, draw pictures, paint and cook, but they also study, go to university, and have jobs. （自强不息的精神）在写作中下列词组会有所帮助：be always ready to help sb. be strict with himself love doing sth be patient with sb. live a simple life have a warm heart etc.

课外欣赏: (1). He was a great entertainer(艺人), a deep thinker. But he was also kind. I suspect that’s a quality that his audiences were drawn to(被吸引) through the years. (2). Mama took time for everyone. She was really somebody. (妈妈总替别人分忧解愁，她是真正了不起的人。) 选自《我最难忘的人》 “一个伟大的艺人，一个深刻的思想家”，一个多么了不起的人。但笔锋一转，有良好品质的人才能真正吸引人。“总替别人分忧解愁”、“真正了不起” 这样一些从字面翻译不能理解的词或句子需要我们多阅读才能掌握。

第三节、环境自然环境 (1). New Zealand, with its natural beauty, mountains, rivers and National Parks, attracts from all over the world. (2). As the sun sinks lower, shadows spread across the courtyard. After sunset, the sky turns pink. (1)、The scenery all the way from the Miao Gao Mountains to the pavilion was particularly fine, with locust trees（槐树） on both sides dancing in the wind like fairy maidens（仙女）. 选自《黄昏》 (2)、Several years ago, there used to be only a few small cottages and our school was nothing but a shabby little house. 选自《黄冈试题》

2．人为环境 (1). New York never sleeps. The underground railway runs 24 hours a day, and there all —night cinemas, bars and restaurants. (2). The killing of the bison changed the whole wildlife of the plains. With fewer bison, grass shoots were not eaten so grass did not grow as strongly. 人类在历史的进程中既创造了象纽约等繁华的都市，同时也毁坏了赖以生存的环境。课外欣赏： (1). A modern school has been build, where all the children in our town can go and study. 选自《黄冈试题》 (2). The garden has been carefully designed to mix traditional British skills with the local Chinese environment. 选自《昆明世博会》

第四节热门话题 1. 交通交通状况： (1). There is little (heavy) traffic on these roads. 这几条道路行人车辆很少（多）。 (2). You’d better avoid the rush—hour traffic. 你最好避开高峰时间的车流。 (3). The bus was jammed full. They jammed on to the bus. 公共汽车挤得满满的。他们极上公共汽车。类似的词组还有：a traffic police box(交通警岗亭); traffic regulations(交通规则 ); get stuck in traffic(遇上堵车 ); traffic jam(交通阻塞 ); traffic light(红绿灯)

交通急救 (1). Check that the person can breathe. (2). If the person is not breathing, you must try to start his/her breathing at once. The best thing is to use the mouth—to—mouth way. (3). If the person is bleeding badly, you must try to stop the bleeding. (4). Don’t move the injured, the ambulance is coming. (5). The truck driver stopped the truck quickly and phoned the emergency service.

因特网负面影响： (1). Getting hooked on the Internet isn’t confined to a few computer nerds. （沉醉于因特网而难以自拔的人已不再局限于少数计算机迷了。） (2). A person starts spending more and more time on the Net. (3). Kelli literally became a computer hacker because of her husband’s constant online chatting. (4). As more and more offices and homes connect to the Internet, millions of PCs, printers, servers and other devices gobble significant quantities if energy. （因为越来越多的办公室和家庭上网，数以百万的个人电脑、打印机、服务器和其他设备消耗了大量的能源。）

积极影响： (1). New technology marrying the internet with mobile phones will be the next big wave in telecommunications and will have a great effect on the way of life. (2). Home computers are becoming part of the fabric of everyday life. （家用电脑正在成为日常生活结构中的一部分。） (3). Internet will prevent wars, reduce pollution, and combat various forms of inequality. 常用词汇还有：e—mail (电子邮件); surfing(冲浪); shopping online(网上购物); portable computer(手提电脑); download MP 3 music programmes (下载 MP 3音乐节目); Webaholic(网虫); chat room

污染 (1). Global warming is becoming a serious problem. （全球的变暖正成为一个严重的问题。） (2). Beijing has acknowledged its pollution problem and vowed to tackle it. (北京已经意识到它的环境污染问题，并发誓要解决这一问题。) (3). Wastes from large factory farms are among the greatest threats to our nation’s waters and drinking water supplies. (大型厂化饲养场产生的粪便是对全国水源和饮用水供应的最大威胁之一。) (4). When people think about air pollution, they usually think about smog(烟雾), acid rain(酸雨) and other forms of outdoor air pollution. But did you know that air pollution also can exist inside homes and other buildings?

(5). The health of many people is affected by chemical substances present in the air within buildings. (室内空气中存在的化学物质影响了许多人的健康。) (6). The problem with noise is not only that it is unwanted, but also that it negatively affects human health and well —being. (噪音不仅仅是人们不愿听的问题，而且对人的健康和幸福有害的。) (7). When it is unfit for its intended(想要) use, water is considered polluted.

4．学业负担 (1). I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well. (2). The great danger that students face is over commitment(过分的负担). (3). Schools were called on to reduce learning load(学习负担). (4). I can follow my own interests such as doing sports, Visiting museums, and taking computer lessons. (5). Correct quizzes and exercises help to lighten students’ learning load.

高考书面表达运用策略 to be with us 前 言

高考书面表达运用策略 to be with us 前言