香港高校圖書館資源共享概述香港城市大學圖書館長潘華棟博士 Slide 1

香港高校圖書館資源共享概述 • 香港城市大學圖書館長 • 潘華棟博士 Slide 1

大綱 1. 為甚麼要合作 2. 合作現況 3. 合作趨勢 Slide 2

為甚麼要合作？ 1. Economic Pressures v v price for publication (especially serials) escalated library budget declined constantly Slide 3

Monograph and Serial Costs in ARL Libraries, 1986 -1999 Serial Unit Cost (+207%) Serial Expenditures (+170%) Monograph Unit Cost (+65%) Monographs Expenditures (+34%) Serials Purchased (-6%) Monographs Purchased (-26%) Slide Source: ARL Statistics 1998 -99, Association of Research Libraries, Washington, D. C. 4

為甚麼要合作？ 2. Increasing use of Information Technology v v v enhances library effectiveness and services expensive: a drain on reducing budget provides technical capabilities for cooperation Slide 5

為甚麼要合作？ 3. Demands from Users v v sophisticated user demand new management concepts and techniques Slide 6

合作現況 Slide 7

Joint University Libraries Advisory Committee (JULAC) 香港高校圖書館咨詢委員會 An alliance of all libraries funded by the University Grants Committee (UGC) in Hong Kong, comprising the chief librarians. Slide 8

香港高校圖書館咨詢委員會 (JULAC) 作概覽 • HARNET 香港學術及研究網絡 • JULAC Library Cards 通用圖書証 • Reader's Ticket 讀者證 • JULAC Book Return Service 圖書館互相還書服務 • Interlibrary loans 館際互借 • Collaborative Collection Development 協作式館藏建設 • • Shared cataloguing 編目共享 And more …… Slide 9

Hongkong Academic and Research NETwork (HARNET) 香港學術及研究網絡 Joint Universities Computer Centre (JUCC) Slide 10

Hongkong Academic and Research NETwork (HARNET) 香港學術及研究網絡 Ø 香港大學 Ø 香港中文大學 Ø 香港科技大學 Ø 嶺南大學 Ø Ø 香港城市大學香港理大學香港浸會大學香港教育學院 ü 大學之間的網絡骨幹 ü 虛擬的聯合目錄 Slide 11

Hongkong Academic and Research NETwork (HARNET) 香港學術及研究網絡 Ü Ü 目前 , 八所大學都是用相同的圖書館系統 - INNOPAC 館際之間的合作更容易和更方便 Slide 12

JULAC Library Card 通用圖書証 0111145 Staff no. ________ JULAC LIBRARY CARD Chai Tai Ming Name ______________ Name in Chinese ________ 陳大明 Institution City University of Hong Kong ________________ Signature ____________ Valid until ____________ May 2001 Ü 教學及相等職級行政人員 Ü 研究生 BAR CODES HKBU HKU XX 22200111 S 001234 Poly. U X 111222333 Slide 13

Reader's Ticket 讀者證香港城市大學 City University of Hong Kong Name LIBRARY Reader’s Ticket No 211123 Chan Siu Fan HKID No Ü 最後一年之本科生 Ü 為期三個月 XXXXX Valid Until Sept. , 2000 Approved by (Librarian) Slide 14

JULAC Book Return Service 圖書館互相還書服務 Ü 服務對象 : 所有持有通用圖書証 (JULAC Library Card) 的人士 Ü 服務模式 : 代還讀者自行於各大學圖書館借閱的書籍 , 目的是減省教職人員及研究員生親自走訪其他大學圖書館的時間 Slide 15

Interlibrary Loans (ILL) 館際互借書本互借文章複印 Ü 教學及相等職級行政人員 Ü 研究生 Ü 最後一年之本科生 (只限於文章复印 ) Slide 16

Interlibrary Loans (ILL) 館際互借文件傳送由速遞公司負責於每個作天 (星期一至五 )運送八所大學之間的館際互借書本及文件 ü 快捷 : 兩個作天 ü 準確 : 專人送件 , 避免郵件誤投 Slide 17

Interlibrary Loans (ILL) 館際互借其他傳送方法 ü ü 圖文傳真：傳送急需的文章複印本 Ariel: 以電子形式傳送文章複印本圖文傳真 Ariel Slide 18

Interlibrary Loans (ILL) 館際互借 Ariel Ü 由美國的研究圖書館協會 (RLG Research Libraries Group) 所建設的文件傳送軟件 Ü 把文件素描成電子檔案 , 就可利用 Ariel 傳送到其他也裝備有 Ariel 的海外圖書館 Ü http: //www. rlg. org/ariel/index. html Slide 19

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Collaborative Collection Development 協作式館藏建設珠江三角洲特藏書庫 Pearl River Delta Collection Project Management Committee 珠江三角洲特藏書庫項目管理委員會 Slide 21

Collaborative Collection Development 協作式館藏建設珠江三角洲特藏書庫香港城市大學及嶺南大學共同努力的成果 Slide 22

Collaborative Collection Development 協作式館藏建設 Collaborative Collection Development Steering Committee (CCDSC) 協作式館藏建設督導委員會 Slide 23

Collaborative Collection Development Steering Committee (CCDSC) 協作式館藏建設督導委員會委員會架構 3 Two co-chairs (JULAC Members) 3 Representatives from other six UGC-funded libraries Slide 24

Collaborative Collection Development Steering Committee (CCDSC) 協作式館藏建設督導委員會 May 99 It was set up at a special JULAC meeting to continue and expand the collaborative efforts of the JULAC known as CCDTF. Dec 99 CCDTF was disbanded and taken over by the CCDSC to continue to serve the JULAC in collaborative collection development. Slide 25

Collaborative Collection Development Steering Committee (CCDSC) 協作式館藏建設督導委員會 * 作進程 * June 99 A survey among all participating libraries was conducted and a list of electronic resources which were most wanted to be subscribed via consortial efforts was compiled. Slide 26

* 作進程 * 53 Titles were identified Most Wanted Titles : LEXIS-NEXIS Academic Universe Pro. Quest 5000 / ABI/INFORM Global Web of Science OCLC First. Search China Journal Net Slide 27

* 作進程 * June 99 'General Guidelines for License Negotiation' was compiled and will be continuously refined. Major Issue s • Technical Support • Renewal • Definition of authorized users • Termination • Noninfringement • Pricing Management • Training • Authorized use of information Slide 28

協作式館藏建設督導委員會 (CCDSC) 以圖書館同盟方式採構的電子資源項目 Slide 29

協作式館藏建設督導委員會 (CCDSC) 計劃以圖書館同盟方式採構的電子資源項目 Slide 30

協作式館藏建設督導委員會 (CCDSC) 計劃以圖書館同盟方式採構的電子資源項目 Slide 31

末來計劃 Ø Joining International Coalition of Library Consortia (ICOLC) (with about 150 library consortia from around the world). Ø Linking up with overseas consortia, e. g. , NELINET (with more than 600 member libraries). Ø Organizing seminars and training courses. Slide 32

Seminar 專題研討會 “the whole is greater than the sum of its part” …. JULAC fosters collaboration and synergy among libraries …. 主題： Electronic Resources – Consortial Initiatives 日期： 2001年 5月 11日 (星期五 ) 地點：香港城市大學 Slide 33

Shared Cataloguing of Chinese Language Materials Project 中文資料編目共享項目 Mid-95 Task Force on Cataloguing of Chinese Materials, comprising representatives from all UGC libraries, was formed on JULAC's recommendation to study the feasibility of establishing a system of cooperative cataloguing. Slide 34

Shared Cataloguing of Chinese Language Materials Project 中文資料編目共享項目目標 : (1) To establish a resource database of CN-MARC (China), C-MARC (Taiwan), LC CJK MARC, and a mechanism for sharing cataloguing data of Chinese language materials among UGC member libraries. C-MARC RC -MA CN Resource Database LC CJK MA RC Slide 35

目標 : (2) To provide the most effective use of cataloguing efforts of participating libraries, particularly original cataloguing, and to provide a mechanism which allows ease of transfer of records thus minimizing duplication of cataloguing work among member institutions. (3) To further enhance existing interlibrary loans and resources sharing. Slide 36

Task Force on Co-operative Cataloguing of Chinese Language Materials 中文資料編目合作專責小組 Nov 95 Feb 96 Oct 96 Proposed to create a resource database comprising records from C-MARC, CNMARC, LC CJK MARC and to allow each participating library to search this resource database with Z 39. 50 client/server software. The proposal was approved and supported by UGC. Contract was signed with software vendor (III). Slide 37

Task Force on Co-operative Cataloguing of Chinese Language Materials 中文資料編目合作專責小組 Nov 96 Hardware and operating system of the Project were installed to house the central resource database. May 97 Testpac for the Project was completed. May 99 The Project started to be implemented. Slide 38

Hong Kong Chinese Authority (Name) Database 中文名稱規範合作 -香港的提議 HKCAN Slide 39

美國國會圖書館名稱規范數據庫 Library of Congress Name Authority (LCNA) ü 香港圖書館多採用 USMARC ü 中文資料用 Wade-Giles 拼音著錄 ü LCNA包涵約 300萬條名稱規範記錄 ü 所有記錄皆以拉丁字母著錄 Slide 40

缺乏漢字 Shi shi shi shi, shi shi shi ° Shi shi, shi shi shi ° Shi shi shi, shi shi ° Shi shi shi shi, shi shi shi ° Shi shi shi, shi shi shi ° Shi shi, shi shi shi ° Shi shi shi ° Slide 41

漢字原文 Slide 42

中英並重 u u 香港是個雙語社會很多作者，以中、英雙語寫作也有刊物，以中、英雙語出版以兩筆規範記錄作「參見」，費費時 Slide 43

標目缺乏唯一性 Li, Ch'i Slide 44

混合式標目中文名稱 LCNA 記錄 Slide 45

本地雙語作家中文名稱 LC 的標目著作 / 資料中常見的名稱 Slide 46

各施各法 u ! 若仍依賴 LCNA 提供中文規範記錄，似乎是反客為主 u 中文資料缺乏外包公司提供服務，規範作遂由各館自行建立 Slide 47

香港圖書館的規範標目 w 各圖書館自行決定規範形式，大家都是「權威」，影響並不嚴重 w 但在網絡環境下，標目的差異，增加跨館書目檢索的漏檢率和誤檢率 Slide 48

在Z 39. 50，用　　　　檢索，結果如下： 720 Slide 49

在Z 39. 50，用　　　　　檢索，結果如下： 286 Slide 50

各館標目的差異，阻礙跨館檢索及聯合編目的進行 Slide 51

Hong Kong Chinese Authority (Name) Workgroup Slide 52

Hong Kong Chinese Authority (Name) Database HKCAN Slide 53

多快 (More) (Faster) 好省 (Better) (Cheaper) Slide 54

目標多：增加規範資料來源 (More) 快：加速建立中文規範記錄 (Faster) 好：在跨館檢索中 , 使標目達到一致化 (Better) 省：通過合作 , 節省各自建庫的成本 (Cheaper) Slide 55

規範作展望 1. 與書目數據庫線上連接 Slide 56

規範作展望 2. 自動產生規範記錄 Slide 57

規範記錄的未來 • 多語言、多文字、多用途 • 可在 Web介面上運作 Slide 58

進一步的館際合作 w 大陸、台灣正生產、整編規範記錄供各圖書館使用 w LCNA (Library of Congress Name Authority)：成功在於合作精神 w NACO (Name Authority Cooperative)： 200所圖書館合作 w 共建類似 LCNA 般具影響力的數據庫，有賴兩岸三地的通力合作 Slide 59

合作趨勢 Slide 60

§ 香港各大學圖書館之間的合作層面仍然未夠廣泛和深入 § 中央性的運作(Central functions) 可以更整合(integrated) 和更連結 (linked) Slide 61

合作趨勢 “…. . a much more highly integrated operation where key central functions of the co-operating libraries are linked …. ” (David Kohl, 1997) Slide 62

合作趨勢 will become part of a Slide 63

Superlibrary Information Mosaic • ILLINET Online – Illinois Library Computer Systems Organization (ILCSO): a consortium of 45 Illinois libraries • MELVYL – University of California System • Ohio. LINK – A consortium of 79 member libraries which include Ohio's college and university libraries and the State Library of Ohio Slide 64

Ohio. LINK • an integrated central catalogue as the platform for all sorts of consortium-wide operations: – cataloguing – circulation – collection development – document delivery • operating on INNOPAC library system Slide 65

Ohio. LINK A model for academic libraries? • • all university libraries in Hong Kong are using the INNOPAC system possible to form a technically and functionally integrated consortium Slide 66

1. A Consortium-wide User-initiated Circulation System • User-initiated (讀者主導) circulation functionality • “Circulation” : not a local function but a consortiumwide function • Policy issues have to be straightened out LC HK U Poly. U HKUST d E HKI UK H C City. U 讀者主導合作趨勢 Slide 67

2. A Consortium-wide Central Catalogue • Z 39. 50 software • • a virtual union catalogue only • reliability still under question Union Catalogue Uni Cat on alog ue • a consortium-wide central catalogue • facilitates consortial circulation and cataloguing 合作趨勢 Slide 68

3. A Consortium-wide Document Delivery System • Individual in-house ILL automation systems: • not integrated • involve a lot of tedious procedures • A consortium-wide ILL System: • automatic transmission of requests to counterparts electronically within the same system • on-line enquiries about status of requests submitted • central records of all ILL transactions and statistics 合作趨勢 Slide 69

4. Consortium-wide Collection Development Advantages : • • better position • to secure government funding • to bargain for better contract terms a consortium set up to save hardware and maintenance cost 合作趨勢 Slide 70

UP TO NOW (Request) End Users Home Library (as intermediary) (Delivery) (Request) Outside Agents (Delivery) Slide 71

FUTURE (Request) End Users Home Library (as intermediary) Outside Agents (Delivery) Advantages: • speeds up the process • saves staff cost Slide 72

Library Co-operation Better, faster, easier access to more Slide 73

謝謝 Slide 74

香港高校圖書館 資源共享概述 香港城市大學圖書館長 潘華棟博士 Slide 1

香港高校圖書館資源共享概述香港城市大學圖書館長潘華棟博士 Slide 1