透明国际打击腐败促进良治 Transparency International Achieving Good Governance 曼佐哈桑

透明国际：打击腐败，促进良治 Transparency International: Achieving Good Governance 曼佐哈桑 (Manzoor Hasan) 亚太部执行长 Regional Director of Asia-Pacific Department 29 -30 November 2003 www. transparency. org

什么是腐败？What is corruption? 腐败就是滥用公权谋取私利 Corruption is the abuse of entrusted power for private gain

腐败的危害 Cost of Corruption. . . • 制约社会及经济发展Retards social and economic development • 使千百万人民陷进贫困Traps millions of people in poverty and misery • 破坏民主与法制Undermines democracy and the rule of law • 损害私营部门的管治及其商业道德Jeopardises sound governance and ethics in the private sector • 诱发社会、经济及政治动乱Breeds social, economic and political crises • 危及国内及国际安全Threatens domestic and international security • 扭曲国内和国际贸易的发展Distorts national and

透明国际的追求 TI’ s vision 透明国际希望建设一个政治清明、廉洁法治、竞争公平、诚信高效、人民能安居乐业的美好世界 TI’s vision is a world in which government, politics, business, civil society and the daily lives of people are free of corruption

透明国际的使命 TI’s mission 我们脚踏实地，努力推动变革，旨在创造一个消除腐败的社会 We work to create change towards a world free of corruption

透明国际反腐败的策略 TI’s approach • 透明国际致力于从源头治理腐败政府及公共机构 TI fights corruption at its roots • 透明国际致力于诊断和分析制度性腐败根源TI analyses and diagnoses systemic corruption • 透明国际不卷入个案调查 Government & Public Sector 廉政建设 INTEGRITY TI does not undertake individual case investigation • 透明国际保持政治中立私营机构民间社会 Private Sector TI is politically non-partisan Civil Society • 透明国际立足于基层，同时汇聚着一批国际专家 TI combines local rootedness with international expertise • 透明国际致力于建立反腐统一战线 TI develops coalitions and builds bridges with different stakeholders

透明国际推动反腐败斗争的具TI Tools • 透明国际《世界各国反腐败经验汇编》 TI Tool Kit • 反腐败研究及资讯在线Corruption On-line Research and Information System • 《全球反腐败年度报告》 Global Corruption Report • 为专业部门提供咨商Sector Specific Advice – “从商指南”Business Principles – “廉洁公约”Integrity Pacts • 透明国际清廉指数TI Indices – 受贿指数Corruption Perceptions Index – 行贿指数Bribe Payers’ Index – 全球腐败趋势预测Global Corruption Barometer

国家廉政体系示意图可持续发展 The Concept of a National Integrity System 法制生活品质 RULE OF LAW SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT QUALITY OF LIFE 公众意识P U B L I C AWARENESS 社会价值S O C I E T Y’ S VALUES 私营机构PRIVATE SECTOR 公民社会CIVIL SOCIETY 大众传媒MEDIA 公共服务PUBLIC SERVICE 肃贪机构WATCHDOG AGENCIES 监察专员OMBUDSMAN 审计AUDITOR GENERAL 司法JUDICIARY 行政EXECUTIVE 立法LEGISLATURE NATIONAL INTEGRITY 国际组织INTERNATIONAL ACTORS 国家廉政体系构成

The Concept of a National Integrity System S AL INT EGR ITY Y T IE PUBLIC AWARENESS S O C I E T Y’ S V A L U E S S OR T O C RNA TIO N LA INT E CT ATE SE PRIV CIVIL R C SO MEDIA PUBLIC SERVICE WATCHDOG AGENCIES OMBUDSMAN AUDITOR GENERAL JUDICIARY EXECUTIVE LEGISLATURE ION RU OF LE LA W Y LIT QUA F O LIFE NAT US T DE AB AI VE LE NM L EN OP T -

过去十年，透明国际取得如下成就： In the last 10 years, TI has… • 把腐败议题提到国际社会议事日程上来Put corruption on the international agenda • 在 90个国家或地区建立分会—在中国，跟中国行政监察学会及清华大学国情研究中心/廉政研究中心建立了联系/湖南大学廉政学院Developed a network of National Chapters in about 90 countries – contact with CSAS • 建立反腐败统一战线和联盟，推动反腐败变革Built coalitions and alliances to advocate change • 传播反腐败资讯，开发反腐败资源，研制反腐败具 Generated a wealth of information, resources, products and tools • 展示反腐败方法Demonstrated ways to curtail corruption • 成为反腐败领域领先群伦的组织Been recognised as the leading

透明国际在全球推动反腐败斗争重点 Key Global Priorities • 政治腐败Political corruption (如政党腐败及贿选 political party and campaign financing) • 政府采购Public contracting • 确立私营机构的清廉标准Anti-corruption standards in the private sector (从商指南 Business Principles，廉洁公约Integrity Pact) • 建立国际规范International institutions and instruments (建立、推广与实施各种国际公约 NO CORRUPTION

其他相关领域Additional Areas of Interest • 资讯公开Access to information • 反洗钱及要求返还被转移藏匿至外国的国家资产Money-laundering and recovery of stolen assets • 推广反腐败教育及道德教育Anti-corruption education / ethics • 监督民间组织Accountability of civil society organisations • 发展援助及腐败Corruption and development cooperation • 司法改革、反腐败法律制定及其实施Judicial reform / anti-corruption laws and enforcement

最易滋生腐败的行业Sectors most prone to bribery Source: TI Bribe Payers Index 2002

透明国际在全球的发展 The TI Movement (as of November 2003) Legend: or or or Established National Chapters in Formation National Contacts

透明国际组织管理结构示意图 Tl’s Structure 年度代表大会 me mb ers elects reports to Annual General Meeting 任命appoints 顾问委员会理事会 ele ct Board of Directors its d re c ac 各国分会 National Chapters Advisory Counc 建议advises em su p po pl o 支持supports) rt ys s 国际秘书处 International Secretariat

透明国际资金来源 Statement of Income in EUR (for the year ended December 31, 2002) 总收入 62313810元人民币Total Income in EUR 6, 311 m

各国反腐败经验介绍 Experience from Chapters & Contacts • 南韩South Korea • 香港廉政公署 • 新加坡反贪局 • 印度 • 孟加拉国 ICAC – Hong Kong CPIB – Singapore India Bangladesh

透明国际南韩分会TI South Korea 反贪教育Anti-Corruption Education 青年组织网络Youth networks 制定学校教育School curricula development 教师培训Teacher education 制定商业诚信守则Business Ethics 私营企业评比Private sector surveys 雇员培训Employee education 公共机构监督Public Administration Monitoring 与政府部会对话交流Dialogue, committee participation “ 21世纪清廉韩国”行动计划Clean Korea 21 反贪交流大会Anti-corruption fair

香港廉政公署ICAC – Hong Kong • 惩治、预防、教育三管齐下治理腐败 • a three-pronged approach of investigation, prevention and education. • 调查处：有效打击——查处率在 79%以上 • 反贪处：在公营部门制定新措施、程序及立法时提供防贪建议，并向私营机构提供咨询 • 社区关系处：推行公务员廉洁守正计划，为不同行业及学校提供培训

新加坡反贪局 Corruption Practice Investigation Bureau - Singapore 接受贪腐举报投诉，独立开展调查 to receive and investigate complaints alleging corrupt practice 调查公务员贪渎枉职玩忽职守行为 to investigate malpractices and misconduct by public officers with an undertone of corruption; 审议公营部门各种规章制度及办案程序，以减少腐败发生机会 to prevent corruption by examining the practices and procedures in the public service to minimise opportunities for corrupt practices.

透明国际印度分会TI - India 推动反腐立法Advocacy of anti-corruption legislation 推动设立廉政专员Appointment of Lok Pal (Federal Ombudsman) 要求副部长级以上人士及国会议员申报个人财产 Declaration of assets by Ministers and MP‘s 市政府各部门清廉成都评比]Local Area Development Scheme 协助德里市政府制定“为民服务章程”Government of Delhi Citizens Charter 在试点学校里推广伦理道德教育及举办反腐作文竞赛 Moral and Ethical Education and essay competition on anti-corruption

透明国际孟加拉分会TI - Bangladesh 在全国范围内推动一个“制约腐败，提高公务员清廉素质 ”项目 “Combating Corruption through Promoting Integrity in Public Service Delivery System” 该项目包括以下四个部分： • 走访反贪局及审计长办公室，撰写报告Fact Finding Exercises (FFEs), • 公民委员会Committees of Concerned Citizens (CCCs), • 信息及咨询中心Advice and Information Centers (AICs), and • 国家廉政建设作会议National Integrity Workshops (NIWs).

透明国际中国合作伙伴开展的作 TI Contacts in China Promoting Transparency and Improving Efficiency in the Government 推动监察部参与经合组织公约与亚洲开发银行“亚洲反腐败行动计划” 协助行政监察学会研究经合组织公约Drafting an Anti-Corruption Law; 协助清华大学廉政研究中心制定“市民评价公务员服务”规划 A Report Card Study on Citizen’s Evaluation of Public Service; Transparency in Public Procurement 清华大学廉政研究中心同北京奥委会合作，促进廉洁奥运 Working with the Olympic Game Committee 清华大学廉政研究中心同建设部合作推动程担保保证立法 with the Construction Ministry for a Bonding Surety Law; Education and Public Awareness Raising 湖南大学成立廉政学院 An Anti-Corruption School is established in Hunan University with undergraduate and post-graduates

参与国际合作，共同打击腐败 International Cooperation • 《美洲国家反腐败公约》 • American Convention against Corruption， 1996 • 《经济发展合作组织反对在国际商业交易中贿赂外国公职人员公约 • OECD Convention against the Bribing of Foreign Public Officials in International Transactions， 1999 • 《非洲联盟预防与打击腐败公约》 • Africa Union Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption， 2002 • 《亚洲开发银行与经济发展合作组织反腐败行动计划》 • ADB/OECD Action Plan • 《联合国反腐败公约》 • UN Convention Against Corruption， 2003

中国的反腐败运动 China’s crucial role • 领导人显示了坚定的反腐败决心，采取了有效对策 • Strong Political Will • 中国在反腐败斗争中有许多创新：建筑有形市场，《行政许可法》 • Developing new tools • 动员群众参与 • Massive Participation • 加强国际合作，互相取长补短 • Share experience

透明国际 打击腐败 促进良治 Transparency International Achieving Good Governance 曼佐 哈桑

透明国际打击腐败促进良治 Transparency International Achieving Good Governance 曼佐哈桑